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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Refrigerator With Phonon Filters: An Application Of The Phonon Deficit Effect In Superconducting Tunnel Junctions, G. G. Melkonyan, Armen Gulian
Refrigerator With Phonon Filters: An Application Of The Phonon Deficit Effect In Superconducting Tunnel Junctions, G. G. Melkonyan, Armen Gulian
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Nonequilibrium phenomena in thin solid films can result in cooling effects. These types of effects were predicted theoretically a while ago, and only recently were demonstrated experimentally in superconductor-insulator-normal metal (SIN) tunnel junctions. Since then, there is a growing interest in tunneling effects for the purpose to develop on-chip refrigerators. Thin film devices have the advantage of being extremely compact, operate in a continuous mode, dissipate little power, and can easily be integrated in cryogenic detectors. Currently these refrigerators can generate cooling in the order of 100 mK in an environment of 0.3–0.5 K. There are reasons to expect that …
Triplet Superconductors From The Viewpoint Of Basic Elements For Quantum Computers, Armen M. Gulian, Kent S. Wood
Triplet Superconductors From The Viewpoint Of Basic Elements For Quantum Computers, Armen M. Gulian, Kent S. Wood
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We discuss possibilities of utilizing superconductors with Cooper condensates in triplet pairing states (where the spin of condensate pairs is S=1) for practical realization of quantum computers. Superconductors with triplet pairing condensates have features that are unique and cannot be found in the usual (singlet pairing, S=0) superconductors. The symmetry of the order parameter in some triplet superconductors (e.g., ruthenates) corresponds to doubly-degenerate chiral states. These states can serve as qubit base states for quantum computing.
Developing Into Series And Returning From Series: A Note On The Foundations Of Eighteenth-Century Analysis, Giovanni Ferraro, Marco Panza
Developing Into Series And Returning From Series: A Note On The Foundations Of Eighteenth-Century Analysis, Giovanni Ferraro, Marco Panza
MPP Published Research
In this paper we investigate two problems concerning the theory of power series in 18th-century mathematics: the development of a given function into a power series and the inverse problem, the return from a given power series to the function of which this power series is the development. The way of conceiving and solving these problems closely depended on the notion of function and in particular on the conception of a series as the result of a formal transformation of a function. After describing the procedures considered acceptable by 18th-century mathematicians, we examine in detail the different strategies—both direct and …
Diurnal Variation In The Basal Emission Rate Of Isoprene, Jennifer L. Funk, Clive G. Jones, Christine J. Baker, Heather M. Fuller, Christian P. Giardina, Manuel T. Lerdau
Diurnal Variation In The Basal Emission Rate Of Isoprene, Jennifer L. Funk, Clive G. Jones, Christine J. Baker, Heather M. Fuller, Christian P. Giardina, Manuel T. Lerdau
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Isoprene is emitted from numerous plant species and profoundly influences tropospheric chemistry. Due to the short lifetime of isoprene in the atmosphere, developing an understanding of emission patterns at small time scales is essential for modeling regional atmospheric chemistry processes. Previous studies suggest that diurnal fluctuations in isoprene emission may be substantial, leading to inaccuracies in emission estimates at larger scales. We examined diurnal patterns in the basal emission rate of isoprene in red oak (Quercus rubra), eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides), and eucalyptus (Eucalyptus saligna) and the influence of light and temperature on the magnitude of these diurnal patterns. Maximum …
Stone Coalgebras, Clemens Kupke, Alexander Kurz, Yde Venema
Stone Coalgebras, Clemens Kupke, Alexander Kurz, Yde Venema
Engineering Faculty Articles and Research
In this paper we argue that the category of Stone spaces forms an interesting base category for coalgebras, in particular, if one considers the Vietoris functor as an analogue to the power set functor. We prove that the so-called descriptive general frames, which play a fundamental role in the semantics of modal logics, can be seen as Stone coalgebras in a natural way. This yields a duality between the category of modal algebras and that of coalgebras over the Vietoris functor. Building on this idea, we introduce the notion of a Vietoris polynomial functor over the category of Stone spaces. …
Near-Real-Time Measurement Of Sea-Salt Aerosol During The Seas Campaign: Comparison Of Emission-Based Sodium Detection With An Aerosol Volatility Technique, P. Campuzano-Jost, Catherine D. Clark, H. Maring, D. S. Covert, S. Howell, V. Kapustin, K. A. Clarke, E. S. Saltzman, A. J. Hynes
Near-Real-Time Measurement Of Sea-Salt Aerosol During The Seas Campaign: Comparison Of Emission-Based Sodium Detection With An Aerosol Volatility Technique, P. Campuzano-Jost, Catherine D. Clark, H. Maring, D. S. Covert, S. Howell, V. Kapustin, K. A. Clarke, E. S. Saltzman, A. J. Hynes
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
The first deployment of an emission-based aerosol sodium detector (ASD), designed to chemically characterize marine aerosols on a near-real-time basis, is reported. Deployment occurred as part of the Shoreline Environment Aerosol Study ( SEAS) from 16 April to 1 May 2000 at Bellows Air Force Base on the east side of Oahu, where the University of Hawaii's Department of Oceanography maintains a tower for aerosol measurements. The instrument was operated in size-unsegregated mode and measurements were made that included two extended continuous sampling periods, each of which lasted for 24 h. During this time, the ASD was compared with measurements …
The Aqueous Phase Yield Of Alkyl Nitrates From Roo+No: Implications For Photochemical Production In Seawater, Elizabeth E. Dahl, Eric S. Saltzman, Warren J. De Bruyn
The Aqueous Phase Yield Of Alkyl Nitrates From Roo+No: Implications For Photochemical Production In Seawater, Elizabeth E. Dahl, Eric S. Saltzman, Warren J. De Bruyn
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
Alkyl nitrates have been observed in remote oceanic regions of the troposphere and in the surface ocean. The mechanism for their production in the oceans is not known. A likely source is the reaction of ROO + NO (where R is an alkyl group). Steady-state laboratory experiments show that alkyl nitrates are produced in the aqueous phase via this reaction, with branching ratios of 0.23 +/- 0.04, 0.67 +/- 0.03, and 0.71 +/- 0.04 for methyl, ethyl, and propyl nitrate respectively. The branching ratios in aqueous solution are significantly higher than in the gas phase. Irradiation of surface seawaters yield …
Notes On Interpolation In The Generalized Schur Class. Ii. Nudelman's Problem, Daniel Alpay, T. Constantinescu, A. Dijksma, J. Rovnyak, A. Dijksma
Notes On Interpolation In The Generalized Schur Class. Ii. Nudelman's Problem, Daniel Alpay, T. Constantinescu, A. Dijksma, J. Rovnyak, A. Dijksma
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
An indefinite generalization of Nudel′man’s problem is used in a systematic approach to interpolation theorems for generalized Schur and Nevanlinna functions with interior and boundary data. Besides results on existence criteria for Pick-Nevanlinna and Carath´eodory-Fej´er interpolation, the method yields new results on generalized interpolation in the sense of Sarason and boundary interpolation, including properties of the finite Hilbert transform relative to weights. The main theorem appeals to the Ball and Helton almost-commutant lifting theorem to provide criteria for the existence of a solution to Nudel′man’s problem.
Thermoelectric Cooling At Cryogenic Temperatures, S. R. Harutyunyan, V. H. Vardanyan, A. S. Kuzanyan, V. R. Nikoghosyan, S. Kunii, K. S. Wood, Armen Gulian
Thermoelectric Cooling At Cryogenic Temperatures, S. R. Harutyunyan, V. H. Vardanyan, A. S. Kuzanyan, V. R. Nikoghosyan, S. Kunii, K. S. Wood, Armen Gulian
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Experimental results demonstrating Peltier cooling below 10 K are reported, using crystals of the thermoelectric cerium hexaboride (CeB6). Direct measurements of the Peltier cooling showed δT up to ∼0.2 K in magnitude at T∼4–5 K. All three kinetic parameters: resistivity (ρ), heat conductivity (k), and Seebeck coefficient (S), characterizing the thermoelectric figure of merit ZT=S2T/ρk, were measured, giving high-confidence results.
The Subclassing Anomaly In Compiler Evolution, Atanas Radenski
The Subclassing Anomaly In Compiler Evolution, Atanas Radenski
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
Subclassing in collections of related classes may require re-implementation of otherwise valid classes just because they utilize outdated parent classes, a phenomenon that is referred to as the subclassing anomaly. The subclassing anomaly is a serious problem since it can void the benefits of code reuse altogether. This paper offers an analysis of the subclassing anomaly in an evolving object-oriented compiler. The paper also outlines a solution for the subclassing anomaly that is based on alternative code reuse mechanism, named class overriding.
Optimal Entanglement Generation From Quantum Operations, Matthew S. Leifer, L. Henderson, N. Linden
Optimal Entanglement Generation From Quantum Operations, Matthew S. Leifer, L. Henderson, N. Linden
Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research
We consider how much entanglement can be produced by a nonlocal two-qubit unitary operation, UAB—the entangling capacity of UAB. For a single application of UAB , with no ancillas, we find the entangling capacity and show that it generally helps to act with UAB on an entangled state. Allowing ancillas, we present numerical results from which we can conclude, quite generally, that allowing initial entanglement typically increases the optimal capacity in this case as well. Next, we show that allowing collective processing does not increase the entangling capacity if initial entanglement is allowed.