Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Assessment Of Landsat For Rangeland Mapping, Rush Valley, Utah, United States, National Aeronautics And Space Administration

Range Management

The objective of this investigation is to assess the feasibility of using Landsat MSS (multispectral scanner) data to identify and map cover types for rangeland, and to determine comparative condition of the ecotypes. A supporting objective is to assess the utility of various forms of aerial photography in the process.

If rangeland can be efficiently mapped with Landsat data, as supported by appropriate aerial photography and field data, then uniform standards of cover classification and condition may be applied across the rangelands of the state. Further, a foundation may be established for long-term monitoring of range trend, using the same …

High Recovery Desalting Of Brackish Water By Electrodialysis: Field Tests At Yuma Desalting Test Facility & At La Verkin Springs, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation

Water

An ED (electrodialysis pilot plant achieved high desalting recoveries of nearly 95 percent at the YDTF (Yuma Desalting Test Facility, Arizona) and 92 percent at LVS (La Verkin Springs, Utah) during over 4000 hours of operation. Brine TDS (total dissolved solids) concentrations of nearly 100 000 g/m³ were obtained at LVS, which is a greater brine concentration than is possible using RO (reverse osmosis). The LVS required ED energy (while producing a product TDS concentration of about 1000 g/m³) is estimated to be about one-third the energy requirements of a commercially available distillation brine concentrator. Lowering product …

An Integrated Gis/Remote Sensing Data Base In North Cache Soil Conservation District, Utah: A Pilot Project For The Utah Department Of Agricultures Rims (Resource Inventory And Monitoring System), Douglas J. Wheeler, Merrill K. Ridd, John A. Merola

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

The RIMS program is designed "To provide SCD (Soil Conservation District) supervisory with adequate data about agriculture and related natural resources of their district and to use this data for district responsibilities" (Utah Department of Agriculture 1984). The department's guidelines for RIMS go on to describe SCD responsibilities for short and long-term conservation inputs into various state resource plans, giving direction to Agriculture Resource Development Loan fund programs, and giving direction to SCD programs. The guidelines emphasize the established institutional role of the SCD as a local body to deal with local resource issues in the context of a regional …

String Induced Space Compactification, P. G. Freund, P. Oh, James Thomas Wheeler

All Physics Faculty Publications

Motivated by the possibility of a finite theory of gravity provided by superstrings in ten space-time dimensions, we analyze the problem of space compactification in the context of string dynamics. Such an analysis is hampered by conceptual and technical problems, stemming from the existence of the quantum string's own graviton mode on the one hand, and from Witten's observation of anomalies in a not specially chosen curves space-time on the other hand. Still, in the context of a classical local field presentation of string theory à la Nambu and Hosotani, supplemented by gravitational and Kalb-Ramond interactions, we are able to …

The Spectral Momentum Density Of Amorphous Carbon From (E, 2e) Spectroscopy, A. L. Ritter, John R. Dennison, R. Jones

All Physics Faculty Publications

The spectral momentum density of the valence band of an amorphous carbon film has been measured by (e, 2e) spectroscopy. Two "bands," energy as a function of momentum, are resolved. One extends from 23 eV below the Fermi energy to about 10 eV below E_F. The other, ∼ 9 eV below E_F, does not disperse significantly. Although the existence of diamond bonding in the film cannot be ruled out, the bands are more suggestive of the graphite band structure.

A Statistical Comparison Of A Direct Filtration And A Conventional Water Treatment Facility In The Intermountain Region, Susan K. Burns, V. Dean Adams

Reports

Interest in low-cost direct filtration facilities and their effectiveness in treating the potable water sources of the Intermountain Region is increasing as the need for treated water supplies increase. Direct filtration is a water treatment scheme which does not include sedimentation and in some cases flocculation. Compared to conventional treatment, direct filtration has lowered capital costs, reduced space requirement, and decreased sludge quantities. Moreover, the direct filtration process may offer large reductions in coagulant dosages and costs.

Currently information comparing a direct filtration system to a conventional water treatment system in the Intermountain area is not readily available. The specific …

Onset Of Oscillations In Rayleigh-Benard Convection: Horizontally Unbounded Slab, Boyd F. Edwards, A. L. Fetter

All Physics Faculty Publications

Rayleigh–Bénard convection in a laterally unbounded classical fluid layer with low Prandtl number P (ratio of kinematic viscosity to thermal diffusivity) is reexamined. An amplitude expansion with only a few normal modes yields lateral oscillations of the convective rolls, which are therefore only weakly nonlinear. For free boundary conditions, additional modes (absent for rigid boundaries) lead to long wavelength (‘‘hydrodynamic’’) oscillations, with explicit nonlinear distortions in the velocity and temperature fields. For oscillations with rigid boundaries, the finite critical wavenumbers are approximately independent of P for small P, and the calculated Rayleigh number, frequency, and wavenumber at onset agree well …

Mix Design Investigation - Roller Compacted Concrete Construction, Upper Stillwater Dam, Utah, United States Department Of The Interior, Bureau Of Reclamation

Dams

Upper Stillwater Dam will be the first concrete dam constructed by the Bureau of Reclamation utilizing the RCC (roller compacted concrete) construction technique. RCC is concrete with zero slump consistency, which is deposited in horizontal lifts and consolidated in place by a smooth drum vibrating roller. This method of construction was first proposed in the early 1970's [1, 2, 3]* and was demonstrated successfully in emergency spillway repairs at Tarbela Dam, Pakistan [3], in the construction of Shimajigawa Dam, Japan, and Willow Creek Dam, Oregon.

Sunlight And Plants, Some Pursuits In Physiological Ecology, Martyn M. Caldwell

Faculty Honor Lectures

A physiological ecologist, as the name suggests, focuses on the interface between plant physiology and the ecology of individual organisms. Yet, one in this field should know something about disciplines ranging from physiology, or in the case of the subject of this lecture, even photochemistry, to the study of entire ecosystems.

Petrology Of The Middle Cambrian Ute Formation, North-Central Utah And Southeastern Idaho, Edward James Deputy

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Middle Cambrian Ute Formation was studied in the Bear River Range and the Wellsville Mountains of north-central Utah and southeastern Idaho. The depositional textures and sedimentary structures found within the rocks were compared with similar modern sediments and ancient rocks to determine depositional environments, paleogeography, and diagenetic alterations.

The rocks of the Ute Formation were divided into five basic types. These five rock types were formed within four identifiable lithofacies: 1) elastic marine shelf; 2) carbonate marine shelf; 3) agitated shoal; and 4) quiet-water shoal.

The sequence of elastic and carbonate sediments is believed to have been deposited in …

Structure And Petrology Of Tertiary Volcanic Rocks In Parts Of Toms Cabin Spring And Lucin Nw Quadrangles (Box Elder Co.), Utah, Bruce Edward Scarbrough

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

A series of late Tertiary rhyolitic and dacitic flows, domes, and minor pyroclastic rocks form an elongate volanic mass along the northwestern Utah-northeastern Nevada border. The structure of the flow banding and the linear arrangement of vents indicate that the mass represents a multi-sourced extrusive complex which erupted through many fissure-type conduits. A 39 km² area at the southern end of the mass was studied in detail in order to gain a better understanding of the eruptive nature and history of these Tertiary volcanic rocks. Age dating reveals that volcanism in the study area was episodic, and covered a …

Evaluation Of Low-Temperature Geothermal Potential In North-Central Box Elder County, Utah, Matthew C. Davis

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to continue the assessment of low-temperature geothermal resources in Utah started by the Utah Geological and Mineral Survey. The area of interest with in this report is north-central Box Elder County, Utah. Exploration techniques used included chemical analyses of water from wells and springs, temperature surveys, and temperature-depth measurements in unused wells within the study area. The highest water temperatures (31, 30, and 29°C) recorded in this research were located in three separate geographic regions, suggesting that no single warm water occurrence dominates the study area.

Total dissolved solid (TDS) concentrations ranged from 294 …

Petrology Of The Middle Jurassic Twin Creek Limestone, Lincoln And Sublette Counties, Southwestern Wyoming, David R. Raubvogel

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The Twin Creek Limestone of Middle Jurassic age was studied in the Tunp, Salt River, and Wyoming Ranges in southwestern Wyoming. Modern carbonate environments and their ancient analogs were compared with information obtained from field study and petrographic analysis of samples of the Twin Creek Limestone in order to delineate environments of deposition, paleogeography, and diagenetic history.

Six major lithofacies were recognized: (1) carbonate mudstone; (2) carbonate mudstone breccia; (3) fossiliferous wackestone; (4) packstone-grainstone; (5) terrigenous mudstone; and (6) sandstone. These lithofacies were deposited in a variety of environments, including outer shelf platforms (carbonate mudstone and fossiliferous wackestone), oolitic sand …

Unbalanced Analysis Of Variance Comparing Standard And Proposed Approximation Techniques For Estimating The Variance Components, James P. Pugsley

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

This paper considers the estimation of the components of variation for a two-factor unbalanced nested design and compares standard techniques with proposed approximation procedures. Current procedures are complicated and assume the unbalanced sample size to be fixed. This paper tests some simpler techniques, assuming sample sizes are random variables. Monte Carlo techniques were used to generate data for testing of these new procedures.

Photoaffinity Labeling Of The Antimycin Binding Site In Rhodopseudomonas Sphaeroides, Emily Wilson

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

The purpose of this study was to identify the site of interaction of antimycin with the ubiquinone-cytochrome b-c1 oxidoreductase in the photosynthetic bacteria, Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. To accomplish this goal, three areas of research were undertaken: the synthesis of a radiolabeled, photoaffinity analog of antimycin, identification of the inhibitory characteristics of this analog, and the photoaffinity labeling of the antimycin binding site. All three areas were accomplished.

The major finding of this study was the identification of an 11,000 dalton polypeptide as the predominantly labeled protein. Although this polypeptide was not exclusively labeled, it was consistently labeled and showed competition …

Flood Insurance Study, City Of Cedar City, Utah, Iron County

All U.S. Government Documents (Utah Regional Depository)

This Flood Insurance Study investigates the existence and severity of flood hazards in the City of Cedar City, Iron County, Utah, and aids in the administration of the National Flood Insurance Act of 1968 and the Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973. This study will be used to convert Cedar City to the regular program of flood insurance by the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). Local and regional planners will use this study in their efforts to promote sound flood plain management.

An Spectrometer For Investigating The Spectral Momentum Density Of Thin Films, A. L. Ritter, John R. Dennison, J. Dunn

All Physics Faculty Publications

An (e, 2e) spectrometer has been constructed for detecting scattered and recoiling electrons from a thin solid film. The cross section for observing the two electrons in coincidence is proportional to the spectral momentum density of the target. In this spectrometer the energy of the incident electron beam is 25 keV and the beam current is approximately 40 μA. The energy resolution (FWHM) is ≤4 eV. The momentum resolution (FWHM) can be varied from 0.2 to 1.0 Å⁻¹. Preliminary coincidence data from an amorphous carbon film are presented.

Central Utah Project, Bonneville Unit: Diamond Fork Power System: Final Environmental Impact Statement, Forest Service; Western Area Power Administration; United States

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.

Socioeconomic Data Base Report For The Paradox Basin, Utah, Bechtel National, Inc.

Elusive Documents

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Nitrification On Soil Acidification And Cation Leaching In A Red Alder Ecosystem, H. Van Miegroet, D. W. Cole

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

The objectives of this study were to investigate the impacts of internal nitrification on soil and soil solution acidity and on the rate of nutrient export through NO3– mediated leaching. This was achieved by comparing soil chemical properties and soil solution composition within a naturally N-rich red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) ecosystem to those of an adjacent Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesil (Mirbel) Franco] forest where soil N levels were significantly lower and no measurable HNO3 production could be observed. In the red alder system, where > 100 kg ha–1 yr–1 of N were added through symbiotic N2 fixation, the net annual NO3– …

Dayside Red Auroras At Very High Latitudes: The Importance Of Thermal Excitation, Vincent B. Wickwar, W Kofman

All Physics Faculty Publications

Extensive radar observations have been made from Sondrestrom of the F region in the daytime sector between 70 and 79° Λ. Regions of enhanced electron temperature and electron density are found in close association with the velocity reversal in the morning and afternoon convection cells. From the radar measurements, calculations are made of the contributions to the atomic oxygen emission at 6300A from dissociative recombination and thermal excitation. The latter mechanism, in particular, in the enhancement regions gives rise to intensities that are comparable to those observed at very high latitudes during the past decade.

Ionospheric Currents And F-Region Plasma Boundaries Near The Dayside Cusp, S Vennerstrom, E Friis-Christensen, T S. Jorgensen, C. E. Rasmussen, C R. Clauer, Vincent B. Wickwar

All Physics Faculty Publications

Observational evidence of the location of a dayside high‐latitude ionospheric current (DPY current) with respect to the different regimes of the high‐latitude magnetosphere is obtained by analyzing data from the magnetometer chain along the west coast of Greenland in conjunction with simultaneous measurements from the newly established incoherent‐scatter radar facility at Sondre Stromfjord. The latitudinal location of the DPY current is compared with the location of the maximum F‐region electron temperature and with the location of the plasma convection reversal from sunward to antisunward. The maximum in the F‐region electron temperature roughly coincides with the velocity reversal boundary, while the …

On The Reversal From “Sunward” To “Antisunward” Plasma Convection In The Dayside High Latitude Ionosphere, T S. Jorgensen, E Friis-Christensen, Vincent B. Wickwar, J D. Kelly, C R. Clauer, P M. Banks

All Physics Faculty Publications

Preliminary observations of dayside high latitude ionospheric plasma convection with the Sondrestrom incoherent‐scatter radar indicate that plasma can be observed to enter the polar cap region through rotational reversals at most local times between dawn and dusk and not just in a narrow region around noon. Assuming that rotational reversals are signatures of a solar wind‐magnetosphere interaction which drives magnetospheric convection, the observations indicate that this interaction occurs over a longitudinally wide area of the dayside magnetosphere. The observations also show that the distribution of F‐region plasma in the polar cap is dependent on ionization sources anywhere between dawn and …

Soft-Op User Manual For Microcomputer Aided Process Control Of The Oxidation Ditch Facility, Drew D. Mcintyre

Reports

This manual is intended to be used in conjunction with the program SOFT-OP. SOFT-OP was developed at the Division of Environmental Engineering, Utah State University, Logan, Utah. Funding for the program development was supplied by Tremonton City Corporation, Tremonton, Utah. Foreword: SOFT-OP has been developed for use by operators of oxidation ditch wastewater treatment plants (extended aeration activated sludge). The program serves as a useful took in daily plant operation by assisting the operator in various tasks related to process control. These tasks are grouped within the following three classifications: 1. Implementation of control parameters 2. Analysis of process characteristics …

Management Of Groundwater Recharge Areas In The Mouth Of Weber Canyon, Calvin G. Clyde, Christopher J. Duffy, Edward P. Fisk, Daniel H. Hoggan, David E. Hansen

Reports

Proper management of surface and groundwater resources is important for their prolonged and a beneficial use. Within the Weber Delta area there has existed a continual decline in the piezometric surface of the deep confined aquifer over the last 40 years. This decline ranges from approximately 20 feet along the eastern shore of the Great Salt Lake to 50 feet along in the vicinity of Hill Air Force Base. Declines in the piezometric surface are undesirable because of the increased well installation costs, increased pumping costs, decreased aquifer storage, increased risk of salt water intrusion, and the possibility of land …

Very High Electron Temperatures In The Daytime F-Region At Sondrestrom, W Kofman, Vincent B. Wickwar

All Physics Faculty Publications

Sondrestrom observations show that a characteristic F‐region signature of the interaction between the magnetosphere and ionosphere is a narrow band of elevated electron temperatures. Its location is associated with the ion convection reversal in the morning and evening convection cells. Typically, near 500 km altitude, the temperature is 3500 to 4000 K. However, on 24 April 1983, a geomagnetically very active day with Kp values of 6‐ during the period of interest, the electron temperature reached 6000 K in the afternoon convection reversal. The ion velocities were between 1 and 2 km/s on both sides of the reversal. There was …

Mithras: A Brief Description, O De La Beaujardiere, Vincent B. Wickwar, M J. Baron, J Holt, R M. Wand, W L. Oliver, P Bauer, M Blanc, C Senior, D Alcayde, G Caudal, J Foster, E Nielsen, R Heelis

All Physics Faculty Publications

Between May 1981 and June 1982 an intensive campaign of 33 coordinated observations was carried out using the three incoherent-scatter radars capable of probing the auroral zone. During this period the groups operating the Dynamic Explorer satellites and the STARE radar made special efforts to acquire data coincident with the radar observations. The objective of these MITHRAS experiments and subsequent analysis is to further our understanding of the interactions of the magnetosphere, the ionosphere, and the thermosphere, with special emphasis on local time/universal time variations. Three experimental modes with different time resolution and spatial coverage were used to examine different …

Thermospheric Neutral Wind At –39° Azimuth During The Daytime Sector At Sondrestrom, Vincent B. Wickwar

All Physics Faculty Publications

Measurements with the Sondrestrom radar have been used to examine the daytime thermospheric neutral wind and to relate that wind to other geophysical parameters. Ion drag is found to be particularly important for determining the wind pattern. However, evidence is presented that the wind pattern is significantly influenced by soft particle precipitation and, possibly, by Joule heating.

Observations Of Interplanetary Magnetic Field And Of Ionospheric Plasma Convection In The Vicinity Of The Dayside Polar Cleft, C R. Clauer, P M. Banks, A Q. Smith, T S. Jorgensen, E Friis-Christensen, S Vennerstrom, Vincent B. Wickwar

All Physics Faculty Publications

Dayside ionospheric convection at high latitudes has been examined during a series of experiments using the Sondrestrom radar together with ancillary observations of the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) by the IMP‐8 spacecraft. The radar experiments obtained a latitude coverage of 67.6° Λ to 81.30° Λ and a temporal resolution of between 14 to 25 minutes. A total of 17 rotations through the dayside cleft region during April, June and July, 1983 have been examined. The observations show two convection cells with sunward flow at lower latitudes and antisunward flow at higher latitudes. The flow commonly rotates through a 180° angle …

A Theoretical F Region Study Of Ion Compositional And Temperature Variations In Response To Magnetospheric Storm Inputs, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk

All Physics Faculty Publications

The response of the polar ionosphere to magnetospheric storm inputs was modeled. During the “storm,” the spatial extent of the auroral oval, the intensity of the precipitating auroral electron energy flux, and the plasma convection pattern were varied with time. The convection pattern changed from a symmetric two-cell pattern with a 20-kV cross-tail potential to an asymmetric two-cell pattern with enhanced plasma flow in the dusk sector and a total cross-tail potential of 90 kV. During the storm there were significant changes in the ion temperature, ion composition, and molecular/atomic ion transition height. The storm time asymmetric convection pattern produced …