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Articles 1 - 30 of 73
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Using Particle Swarm Optimization To Generate Optimal Experimental Designs With Replication Structures, Thomsen Bolton
Using Particle Swarm Optimization To Generate Optimal Experimental Designs With Replication Structures, Thomsen Bolton
Student Research Symposium
The modern dominant approach to planning experiments in industrial engineering and manufacturing is optimal design. This is a popular design paradigm because it 1) requires specification of an optimality criterion which incorporates practical objectives as definition of a design with high quality and 2) yields a design via high-dimensional optimization that gives the researcher ‘the most bang for the buck’ for a fixed sample/experimental run size. We aim to adapt the state-of-the-art meta-heuristic optimization algorithm, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), to generating optimal designs with user-specified replication structure. Recently, PSO has been demonstrated to be highly effective at generating candidate …
Generating Optimal Space-Filling Designs With Particle Swarm Optimization, Rebekah Scott
Generating Optimal Space-Filling Designs With Particle Swarm Optimization, Rebekah Scott
Student Research Symposium
In 1935, Ronald Fisher published The Design of Experiments, establishing classical designs for various types of experiments. With the rise of computing power came optimal design, where statisticians can better customize designs according to the needs of the researchers running the experiment. This research focuses on generating optimal MaxMin space-filling designs with particle swarm optimization using various distance metrics (Manhattan, Euclidean, etc). Interestingly, changing the distance metric in the objective function had a minimal effect on the design, except for Aitchison geometry on the simplex. Space-filling designs are optimal for supporting high-order models with only a small sacrifice in prediction …
The Effect Of Whey Protein On Gluten-Free Rolls, Maeci Armstrong, Lindsay Jarman, Sara Marshall
The Effect Of Whey Protein On Gluten-Free Rolls, Maeci Armstrong, Lindsay Jarman, Sara Marshall
Student Research Symposium
Growing numbers of people developing celiac disease and gluten intolerances have increased the demand for gluten-free products in the United States. 1 Many gluten-free breads are low in protein and lack the desired texture, volume, and flavor that can be found in most standard wheat bread products. Whey protein has been shown to increase the protein content in bread and mimic gluten in creating a protein network within the dough to produce the desired texture. 1 This experiment aims to determine the effect on texture, moisture, flavor, volume, cell structure, and acceptability when whey protein isolate is added in 4 …
The Effect Of Different Juicing Methods On Fiber Content , Hannah Eddy, Kaylee West, Mj Wayment, Meg Chronister
The Effect Of Different Juicing Methods On Fiber Content , Hannah Eddy, Kaylee West, Mj Wayment, Meg Chronister
Student Research Symposium
Dietary fiber is an important component in the world of nutrition. Whole fruits and vegetables are great sources that can be added to add more fiber to one's diet. Many consumers prefer to drink juice rather than add whole fruits and vegetables to their diets. However, fiber is often lost during the juicing process. The purpose of this experiment was to find the best method of juicing for a good balance of dietary fiber and flavor for each fruit or vegetable. The first independent variable was the types of fruits and vegetables being juiced: apple, pomegranate, orange, and carrot. The …
All Purpose Flour Alternatives In Brownies, Georgia Johnson, Mckayl Black, Jouri Lacome
All Purpose Flour Alternatives In Brownies, Georgia Johnson, Mckayl Black, Jouri Lacome
Student Research Symposium
Brownies are a very popular dessert. Many people are not able to tolerate the gluten in their diets, while some people may just want to add different flours. You can get other nutritional benefits from switching the flour from the all purpose flour. The alternatives in our experiment, or independent variables, were oat flour, rice flour, and banana flour. Each flour was used to bake a batch of brownies. After the brownies were finished, twelve people participated in a blind taste test. These participants subjectively tested the appearance, texture, and taste. Overall, all-purpose flour was the most desirable among participants. …
A Taste Of Gluten-Free Italy: Substituting The Structural Agent In Fettuccine, Olivia Purles, Madison Cavender, Emeline Manser
A Taste Of Gluten-Free Italy: Substituting The Structural Agent In Fettuccine, Olivia Purles, Madison Cavender, Emeline Manser
Student Research Symposium
The structural ingredient of pasta was varied in an attempt to identify a suitable and desirable gluten-free fettuccine pasta option. The flours that were used were almond flour, Bob’s TM Red Mill Gluten Free 1 to 1 Baking Flour, cricket flour, potato flour, and cornstarch, with all-purpose flour serving as the control. The objective tests that were performed were a noodle density test, and a water absorption test. Once the various noodles were made, they were presented to a consumer panel and various sensory evaluations were performed to determine the acceptability of appearance, texture, and flavor in fettuccine noodles. Bob’s …
Alternatives To Yeast?: Examining Effects Of Leavening Agent On Density, Texture, And Acceptability Of French-Style Bread, Sofia Wombacher, Abby Harris, Torie Christensen
Alternatives To Yeast?: Examining Effects Of Leavening Agent On Density, Texture, And Acceptability Of French-Style Bread, Sofia Wombacher, Abby Harris, Torie Christensen
Student Research Symposium
This experiment explores potential substitutes for traditional bakers' yeast in French-style loaf bread. Might alternative leavening agents be sufficient to produce a leavened French-style bread in the standard home if yeast is unavailable? Baking powder & baking soda plus lemon juice served as variables compared to yeast. Comparison based on loaf density, texture, and sensory panel acceptability allowed a comprehensive analysis of substitutability for the leavening agents. A sensory panel of ten peer evaluators ranked the desirability, texture, flavor, and overall acceptability of examined variables. Volume and density readings of each variable helped determine the rising rate of the different …
Testing Mixing Times For Gluten Formation In Liege Waffles, Alannah Darrington, Breckelle Cooper, Jasmyn Norton
Testing Mixing Times For Gluten Formation In Liege Waffles, Alannah Darrington, Breckelle Cooper, Jasmyn Norton
Student Research Symposium
There are many different ways to make waffles. They can be made sweet or savory and made as dough or batter. Waffles are great since they are a delicious food for any time of the day. The experiment was to test the mixing times of a Liege waffle recipe from the former Waffle Iron restaurant in Logan. The mixing times were measured to see how much gluten formed and which mixing time would create the most fluffy and delectable waffle. The mixing times are as follows: 5 minutes, 8 minutes, and 15 minutes. The control for the experiment was a …
Telescope Restoration, Aidan Tueller
Telescope Restoration, Aidan Tueller
Student Research Symposium
In partnership with Dr. Jan Sojka, head of the Physics Department, a plan was created to make the telescope on top of the Engineering Lab building operational again for either staff, students, classes, or labs to use. The telescope was purchased through funds by Utah NASA Space Grant Consortium. This presentation will give a recap of how the restoration went and plans for future use of the telescope.
Fast Computation Of Friction Stir Welding Process With Model Order Reduction And Machine Learning, Joshua Kay
Fast Computation Of Friction Stir Welding Process With Model Order Reduction And Machine Learning, Joshua Kay
Student Research Symposium
Joining aluminum alloys and other metal workpieces is a typical manufacturing process, which can be accomplished by various welding techniques. Friction stir welding (FSW), a relatively new technology patented in 1991, has many advantages over conventional welding processes. For the FSW process, it is desirable to determine an optimal set of parameters to avoid product defects in the joints. Modeling and simulating the FSW process is computationally expensive which creates a bottleneck in searching for optimal operating parameters. Reduced order modeling techniques will be used to significantly reduce computation time for FSW models while maintaining accuracy. In addition, machine learning …
Energy Extraction From Black Holes, Alexandra Chanson
Energy Extraction From Black Holes, Alexandra Chanson
Student Research Symposium
I will discuss some background on black hole magnetohydrodynamics and then explore some recent results in higher-dimensional monopole power extraction
Characteristics Of Mesospheric Temperature And Gravity Waves Over Chile In 2020-2021, Damien Devitt
Characteristics Of Mesospheric Temperature And Gravity Waves Over Chile In 2020-2021, Damien Devitt
Student Research Symposium
Atmospheric gravity waves (AGWs) that propagate up into the mesospheric region break and transfer energy into the region. This energy process affects seasonal temperatures in the mesosphere and has important implications for rocket launches and GPS satellites. Using the Utah State University (USU) Mesospheric Temperature Mapper (MTM) located at the Andes Lidar Observatory (ALO) in Chile (30°S), wave activity and seasonal temperature changes were studied over the Andes Mountain Range from Jan 2020 to the first few months of 2021 for this study. The primary goal of the whole project was to continue the long-term data collection and analysis (since …
Synthesis Of A Novel Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Gallium Flavonol Complex, Joel Ashton
Synthesis Of A Novel Carbon Monoxide-Releasing Gallium Flavonol Complex, Joel Ashton
Student Research Symposium
Carbon monoxide (CO) has unique therapeutic properties including anti-cancer effects. Flavonols such as 3-hydroxyflavone can release CO upon exposure to visible light. Gallium(III) also has anti-cancer properties and can replace Fe(III) in biological processes. This research was focused on synthesizing a complex of gallium(III) and 3-hydroxyflavone which can hopefully combine the anti-cancer properties of both gallium and CO. Initial attempts to synthesize the complex mimicked those of transition metal flavonol complexes using a base to deprotonate the flavonol and stirring with gallium salt. The most successful synthesis developed involved dissolving 3-hydroxyflavone and gallium nitrate in ethanol and DMSO, adjusting the …
Simultaneous Simulation Of Microgravity And Ionizing Radiation In A Laboratory Environment, Achal Duhoon
Simultaneous Simulation Of Microgravity And Ionizing Radiation In A Laboratory Environment, Achal Duhoon
Student Research Symposium
A novel system was developed to simulate the combined effects of reduced gravity and ionizing radiation present during spaceflight on biological and particulate samples. The miniature rotary cell culture system (mRCCS) was designed to synchronously rotate up to five independent vessels containing particulate samples suspended in fluid media, constructed using radiation tolerant, biocompatible, and vacuum compatible materials. Reduced gravity conditions were achieved when suspended particles (e.g., 200 μm polystyrene microcarrier beads with or without adhered cell clusters) were suspended inside the vessels moving near terminal velocity in viscous neutral-buoyant fluid media with densities matched to the suspended particles to achieve …
Manifold Alignment With Inter-Domain Diffusion, Andres Duque
Manifold Alignment With Inter-Domain Diffusion, Andres Duque
Student Research Symposium
The integration of multimodal data presents a challenge in cases when the study of a given phenomena by different instruments or conditions generates distinct but related domains. In this paper, we propose Diffusion Transport Alignment (DTA) a semi-supervised manifold alignment method that exploits prior correspondence knowledge between distinct data views. DTA finds a bijection between two domains, which by assumption, share a similar geometrical structure coming from the same underlying data generating process. We empirically demonstrate the effectiveness of our method to integrate multimodal data, as well as how it can improve the performance of machine learning tasks, otherwise less …
Analyzing Suicidal Text Using Natural Language Processing, Cassandra Barton
Analyzing Suicidal Text Using Natural Language Processing, Cassandra Barton
Student Research Symposium
Using Natural Language Processing (NLP), we are able to analyze text from suicidal individuals. This can be done using a variety of methods. I analyzed a dataset of a girl named Victoria that died by suicide. I used a machine learning method to train a different dataset and tested it on her diary entries to classify her text into two categories: suicidal vs non-suicidal. I used topic modeling to find out unique topics in each subset. I also found a pattern in her diary entries. NLP allows us to help individuals that are suicidal and their family members and close …
Seasonal Variations In Global Ionospheric Total Electron Content (Tec), Jason Knudsen
Seasonal Variations In Global Ionospheric Total Electron Content (Tec), Jason Knudsen
Student Research Symposium
As the Sun ionizes atoms and molecules in the Earth’s ionosphere, the region of atmosphere above approximately 100 km in altitude, the created ionization in this region affects many of the systems that we rely on in daily life. This includes cellular service, GPS navigation, weather forecasting, and credit card data. A good measure for the level of ionization in the ionosphere is the total electron content (TEC), which is the number of electrons in a one square meter column above a given location. The TEC over a geographic location influences the propagation of radio waves that traverse that section …
Detonation Of A White Dwarf Star: Simulations Of The Sub-Chandrasekhar Type 1a Supernovae, Melissa Rasmussen
Detonation Of A White Dwarf Star: Simulations Of The Sub-Chandrasekhar Type 1a Supernovae, Melissa Rasmussen
Student Research Symposium
A type Ia supernova can result from the double detonation of a white dwarf star below the Chandrasekhar mass limit. Using the hydrodynamics code Castro, we simulate this detonation by perturbing a carbon/oxygen white dwarf with an accumulated shell of helium, with a small amount of nitrogen-14. In this work, we investigate the robustness of the model. Adjusting the location of the perturbation affects whether detonation occurs. Changing the composition of the helium shell affects the speed at which it burns. The size of the reaction network used affects whether the star's core burns immediately or from a shock wave …
Modeling The Spread Of Curly Top Disease In Tomato Crops, Rachel Frantz
Modeling The Spread Of Curly Top Disease In Tomato Crops, Rachel Frantz
Student Research Symposium
Curly Top disease (CT), caused by a family of curtoviruses, infects a wide variety of agricultural crops. Historically, CT has caused extensive damage in tomato crops resulting in substantial economic loss for the tomato industry. Control methods for CT are scarce, and methods for predicting and assessing the scope of CT outbreaks are limited. In this paper, we formulate two theoretical models, a deterministic model and a stochastic model, for the spread of CT in a heterogeneous environment consisting of beets (preferred host) and tomatoes. The models are composed of two susceptible classes and two infected classes (infectious beets and …
Icon Satellite Measurements, Uncertainty, And Error Calculations, Benjamin Bradshaw
Icon Satellite Measurements, Uncertainty, And Error Calculations, Benjamin Bradshaw
Student Research Symposium
NASA's satellite the Icon (Ionospheric Connections Explorer) is a satellite launched in 2019 to better understand the connection between Earth's atmosphere and the space environment. Though its systems were tested before launching further validation of its measurements are needed. This is accomplished through using USU's NA Lidar systems measurements over similar regions. USU's Na Lidar is a robust instrument that has been shown to be valid for many years. Through this comparison Icon's measurements have been shown to not be very precise at its lower measurements regions as it fails to measure a distinct temperature fluctuation around 92 km.
Isotopic Analysis Of Hydrous Phenocrysts In Lava Flows Of The Peruvian Altiplano Plateau: Testing For A Subduction Signature, Alyssa Schiwal
Isotopic Analysis Of Hydrous Phenocrysts In Lava Flows Of The Peruvian Altiplano Plateau: Testing For A Subduction Signature, Alyssa Schiwal
Student Research Symposium
The process of flat-slab subduction introduces fluids directly into the overlaying lithosphere, leaving behind a unique stable isotope and trace element signature to the surrounding crust/mantle. Fluid alteration of the deep lithosphere can help explain geologic processes that are observed at the surface, such as patterns of crustal deformation (mountain building) and volcanism. The young high-K mafic volcanic rocks found in the Altiplano region of Southern Peru are derived from the melting of an altered mantle source. By analyzing the hydrogen stable isotopes as well as the trace elements of these volcanic rocks we can locate the water source associated …
The Outdoor Fashion Industry Is Not Sustainable, Joshua Hillam
The Outdoor Fashion Industry Is Not Sustainable, Joshua Hillam
Student Research Symposium
Outdoor fashion companies are responsible for a large amount of waste and pollution worldwide. I believe they are ethically bound to make changes in their manufacturing process to decrease their footprint because their products are used in outdoor environments that are impacted negatively by waste and pollution. The fashion industry as a whole is responsible for 10% of the carbon emissions worldwide. Research was conducted by first understanding what being sustainable means from the EPA, from individuals who work in the fashion industry, and from companies that advocate for more sustainable clothing. I then investigated what materials are the most …
Can Superoxide-Responsive Co Delivery Molecules Be Developed?, Taylor Dittmar
Can Superoxide-Responsive Co Delivery Molecules Be Developed?, Taylor Dittmar
Student Research Symposium
Although known for its toxicity, carbon monoxide (CO) has now been identified as producing beneficial health effects when present at low concentrations. CO is generated in the human body during the breakdown of heme. It is known for its anti-cancer, cardioprotective, and anti-inflammatory effects. To enhance these therapeutic effects, CO delivery molecules have been developed. Fluorescent flavonol-based CO delivery molecules are gaining broad interest due to their triggerable, trackable, and targetable properties. Flavonols can also be used as dual functioning molecules, with additional capabilities such as the detection of reactive oxygen species (ROS) being possible to incorporate in addition to …
Hidden Symmetries In Black Holes, Luis Fernando Temoche
Hidden Symmetries In Black Holes, Luis Fernando Temoche
Student Research Symposium
Our objective is to show the existence of conformal symmetries in rotating black hole solutions near its event horizon. To do so, we are going to study the cases of both Kerr BH and 5D Myers-Perry BH. In particular, by applying certain coordinate transformations, we will be able exploit this conformal invariance from its geometry as well as the dynamics of scalar fields propagating on this particular background. The invariance allows as to describe strongly coupled systems, conformal field theories to be specific, in lower dimensions.
Finding Higher Order Interactions Using Local Corex, Thomas Kerby
Finding Higher Order Interactions Using Local Corex, Thomas Kerby
Student Research Symposium
In applications such as financial markets, social networks, and gene expression data, the variables often interact in complex ways. Yet accurately characterizing pairwise variable interactions can be a difficult task, let alone efficiently characterizing complex higher-order interactions, which is an unsolved problem. This difficulty is exacerbated when variable interactions change across the data. For example, gene interactions in single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data will typically differ from one cell type to another. To solve these problems, we propose a new method called Local Correlation Explanation (CorEx). Local CorEx captures higher-order variable interactions at a local scale by first clustering data points …
Investigating Position 312 In Prmt1 For Future Fluorescent Labeling Studies, Sarah Nielson
Investigating Position 312 In Prmt1 For Future Fluorescent Labeling Studies, Sarah Nielson
Student Research Symposium
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is an enzyme that post-translationally methylates other proteins in the cell. These methylation events play critical roles in maintaining cellular health. Labeling PRMT1 site-specifically will enable further research in PRMT1 oligomeric state in vivo and can be applied in future fluorescent studies. The intention of this research was to identify a position to label PRMT1 that does not affect oligomerization or activity. Position 312 was chosen as the site for specific tagging as it will have less interference in oligomerization, minimizes free rotation of fluorescent tags, and is surface-exposed. To confirm that position 312 was …
The Effects Of Absorbed Water On Electrostatic Breakdown Testing, Megan Loveland Dewaal
The Effects Of Absorbed Water On Electrostatic Breakdown Testing, Megan Loveland Dewaal
Student Research Symposium
A critical property of electrical insulators is the breakdown voltage. When exposed to a high enough voltage, the insulator will be permanently damaged and unable to block significant current flow which can lead to the compromise of important electrical equipment. This becomes a concern for applications like spacecraft missions, high voltage direct current power, and microelectronics, as well as many others. Recent preliminary tests suggested that water vapor on the surface of insulators may increase their breakdown voltage and influence phenomena observed during breakdown testing, such as partial discharges, partial breakdowns, and surface flashovers. In this study, thin film PEEK …
Modeling The Extended Low And Sudden High Periods Of Activity In Infectious Diseases, Dana Strong
Modeling The Extended Low And Sudden High Periods Of Activity In Infectious Diseases, Dana Strong
Student Research Symposium
This research explores how the aggregation of individuals during disease spread may, in conjunction with noise, explain how some diseases’ trajectories spend some time at low numbers after which there is a sudden outbreak.
Application Of Acceleration Data To Inertial Navigation, Eric Eastham
Application Of Acceleration Data To Inertial Navigation, Eric Eastham
Student Research Symposium
In many fields, there exists a need for knowing the precise location of an object. In many cases, the Global Positioning System can be used to determine the precise location of an object, and even its speed and acceleration, to an accuracy of within 10 to 30 feet. In some cases however, such as in applications in space exploration, this is unavailable. Without reference to exterior points, inertial navigation can be a useful tool to determine an object's current location based on the prior movement and rotational changes made. The position is determined by taking the accelerations throughout the course …
The Connections Between Musculoskeletal Injury And Global Reaction, Keaton Reel
The Connections Between Musculoskeletal Injury And Global Reaction, Keaton Reel
Student Research Symposium
The peripheral effects of severe musculoskeletal injury are a well-studied phenomenon, but less well studied are the neural deficits. Past research has demonstrated that such severe injuries, specifically torn and reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), may increase cognitive burden due to lack of afferent feedback from damaged nerves. This has previously shown to lead to delayed voluntary reactions in the lower extremities, but global neural changes are currently unknown. The goal of the conducted research was to determine whether neuromuscular deficits due to ACL injury and reconstruction in one limb influences motor behavior on a global level. Simple reaction time, …