Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Remote Estimation Of The Diffuse Attenuation Coefficient In A Moderately Turbid Estuary, Richard P. Stumpf, Jonathan Pennock

School of Marine Science and Ocean Engineering

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Abstract

Solutions of the radiative transfer equation are used to derive relationships of water reflectance to the diffuse attenuation coefficient (K) in moderately turbid water (K > 0.5 m⁻¹). Data sets collected from the NOAA AVHRR and in situ observations from five different dates confirm the appropriateness of these relationships, in particular the logistic equation. Values of K calculated from the reflectance data agree to within 60% of the observed values, although the reflectance derived using a more comprehensive aerosol correction is sensitive to chlorophyll concentrations greater than 50 μg L⁻¹. Agreement between in situ and remote …

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Dmsp F7 Observations Of A Substorm Field‐Aligned Current, R. E. Lopez, Harlan E. Spence, C. Meng

Physics & Astronomy

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In this paper we present observations of a substorm field-aligned current (FAC) system that DMSP F7 traversed just after 0300 UT on April 25, 1985. Ground magnetometer data show that a major substorm was in progress at that time and that DMSP F7 flew through a region of predominantly upward FAC. The DMSP F7 magnetic field data are consistent with this interpretation. The precipitating particle data suggest that there were three distinct large-scale FAC systems. In ascending latitude these were a downward current, an upward current, and a paired upward/downward current system. We identify the first current, which was coincident …

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Sidescan Sonar Image Enchancement Using A Decomposition Based On Orthogonal Functions. Applications With Chebyshev Polynomials, Pierre Cervenka, Christian De Moustier

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

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A method is presented to remove from sidescan sonar images of the seafloor, artifacts that are clearly unrelated to the backscattering properties of the seafloor. A spectral analysis performed on a ping by ping basis proved to be well suited to the problem. The technique relies on a decomposition using Chebyshev polynomials. This stochastic method does not require a priori knowledge of deterministic parameters. It deals with the low spatial frequency components of the image whose wavelengths are not very small compared to the swath width. Applications to sidescan sonar images obtained with the SeaMARC LI system are presented.

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The Cognitive Status Of Risk: A Response To Thompson, L. James Valverde

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Discussing the role that probability theory should play in Risk analysis and management, Dr. Valverde argues that Thompson's approach puts too much emphasis on the distinction between Risk subjectivism and Risk objectivism in addressing the question, "When are Risks real?"

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Index To Volume Two, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Index for Volume 2 (1991) of the peer-reviewed journal Risk: Issues in Health & Safety.

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Table Of Contents, Volume Two, Number Four, Fall 1991, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Table of contents for the multidisciplinary peer-reviewed journal Risk: Issues in Health & Safety (ISSN: 1073-8673).

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Can An Economic Approach Solve The High-Level Nuclear Waste Problem, Herbert Inhaber

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Building on the work of Professors O'Hare and Kunreuther, Dr. Inhaber proposes and argues for a non-coercive siting strategy that he calls a "reverse Dutch auction."

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Angular Dependence Of 12-Khz Seafloor Acoustic Backscatter, Christian De Moustier, Dimitri Alexandrou

Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping

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The angular dependence of seafloor acoustic backscatter,measured with a 12‐kHz multi narrow‐beam echo‐sounder at two sites in the central North Pacific with water depths of 1500 and 3100 m, respectively, has been determined for incidence angles between 0° and 20°. The acoustic data consist of quadrature samples of the beamformed echoes received on each of the 16 2.66° beams of a Sea Beam echo‐sounder. These data are subjected to adaptive noise cancelling for sidelobe interference rejection, and the centroid of each echo is determined. After corrections for the ship’s roll and raybending effects through the water column, the angles of …

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Ulf Waves In The Low‐Latitude Boundary Layer And Their Relationship To Magnetospheric Pulsations: A Multisatellite Observation, K. Takahashi, D. G. Sibeck, P. T. Newell, Harlan E. Spence

Physics & Astronomy

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On April 30 (day 120), 1985, the magnetosphere was compressed at 0923 UT and the subsolar magnetopause remained near 7 REgeocentric for ∼2 hours, during which the four spacecraft Spacecraft Charging At High Altitude (SCATHA), GOES 5, GOES 6, and Active Magnetospheric Particle Tracer Explorers (AMPTE) CCE were all in the magnetosphere on the morning side. SCATHA was in the low-latitude boundary layer (LLBL) in the second half of this period. The interplanetary magnetic field was inferred to be northward from the characteristics of precipitating particle fluxes as observed by the low-altitude satellite Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) F7 and …

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Table Of Contents, Volume Two, Number Three, Summer 1991, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Table of contents for the journal Risk: Issues in Health & Safety (ISSN: 1073-8673)

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Call For Papers Editorial Advisory Board Update, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Editorial advisory board update and call for papers.

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Regulating Air Toxics In Rhode Island: Policy Vs. Technical Decisions, Julie A. Roque

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Dr. Roqu6 recounts her work as a doctoral candidate at Brown in developing standards for the regulation of airborne carcinogens. Based in part on this experience, she argues that care needs be taken lest those who regulate Risk bury key policy decisions within a mass of often irrelevant technical details.

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Table Of Contents, Volume Two, Number Two, Spring 1991, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Table of contents for the journal Risk: Issues in Health & Safety (ISSN: 1073-8673)

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Comptel Observations Of Cosmic Gamma‐Ray Bursts, C Winkler, K Bennett, H Bloemen, H Deboer, W Collmar, A Connors, R Diehl, L O. Hanlon, J W. Den Herder, W Hermsen, L Kuiper, R M. Kippen, G G. Lichti, J Lockwood, Mark L. Mcconnell, D Morris, James M. Ryan, V Schonfelder, G Stacy, H Steinle, A W. Strong, B Swanenburg, B G. Taylor, M Varendorff, C De Vries, O R. Williams, M Busetta

Space Science Center

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The imaging γ‐ray telescope COMPTEL on board NASA’s Compton Gamma‐Ray Observatory (GRO) has observed many cosmic gamma‐ray bursts during the early mission phase of GRO. COMPTEL records time‐resolved burst spectra over 0.1 MeV to 10 MeV energies, and, for the first time, produces direct single‐telescope gamma‐ray images (0.8–30 MeV) of cosmic gamma‐ray bursts occurring in its 1 sr field of field.

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Comptel Images Locations Of Gamma‐Ray Bursts, M Varendorff, K Bennett, H Deboer, M Busetta, H Bloemen, W Collmar, A Connors, R Diehl, J W. Den Herder, W Hermsen, R M. Kippen, L Kuiper, G G. Lichti, J Lockwood, Mark L. Mcconnell, D Morris, R Much, James M. Ryan, V Schonfelder, G Stacy, H Steinle, A W. Strong, B Swanenburg, C De Vries, C Winkler

Space Science Center

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The γ‐ray telescope COMPTEL onboard GRO has so far located 6 gamma‐ray bursts which occurred in its ∼1 sr field of view. The positions of the sources were derived by the maximum‐entropy method. Systematic and statistical uncertainties for the four strongest bursts are approximately 1° to 2° and can be reduced in future analysis.

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High-Resolution, Whole-Core Magnetic Susceptibility Data From Leg 130, Ontong Java Plateau, John A. Tarduno, Larry A. Mayer, Robert Musgrave

Affiliate Scholarship

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High-resolution, whole-core magnetic susceptibility data, recorded at 3-cm intervals, were obtained for advanced hydraulic piston (APC) cores at Sites 805, 806, and 807 of Leg 130 on the Ontong Java Plateau. In this initial report, we present a preliminary evaluation of these data for their use in core correlations and paleoclimatic studies. The data allow detailed intrasite correlations between the offset APC cores and provide a means for intersite correlations of Pleistocene sediments. Variations in magnetic susceptibility values probably mirror variations in terrestrial influx and may act as proxy indicators of climate. Highly coherent cyclicity, representing Milankovitch orbital frequencies, is …

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Table Of Contents, Volume Two, Number One, Winter 1991, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Table of contents for the journal Risk: Issues in Health & Safety (ISSN: 1073-8673)

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Prospectus And Evaluation Copies Available, Additional Coverage In Indices, Risk Editorial Board

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Editorial announcements and news for the inactive journal Risk: Health, Safety & Environment (ISSN: 1073-8673).

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Predictive Probabilities In Employee Drug-Testing, John M. Gleason, Darold T. Barnum

RISK: Health, Safety & Environment (1990-2002)

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Substance abuse in the U.S. has been estimated to cost $99 billion annually through lower productivity. Yet the authors urge caution in attempting to reduce these costs and health and safety Risks. In doing so, they cite commonly high frequencies of false negatives and false positives in employee drug tests - the latter having the potential to do great injustice to many drug-free employees.

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Grape Density Records And Density Cyclicity, Eystein Jansen, Larry A. Mayer, Shipboard Scientific Party

Affiliate Scholarship

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No abstract provided.

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Ontong Java Plateau, Leg 130: Synopsis Of Major Drilling Results, W. H. Berger, Loren W. Kroenke, Larry A. Mayer, Shipboard Scientific Party

Affiliate Scholarship

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Sixteen holes were drilled at five sites on the northeastern flank of Ontong Java Plateau during Leg 130 (Sites 803 through 807). All of these sites are near the equator, but are at different depths (803: 02°26.0'N, 3410 m; 804: 01°00.3'N, 3861 m; 805: 01°13.7'N, 3188 m; 806: 00°19.1'N, 2520 m; and 807: 03°36.4'N, 2805 m). One of our goals was to obtain a depth transect of Neogene carbonate deposition for reconstructing the history of ocean climate, chemistry, and productivity, and for understanding the origin of acoustic reflectors. Another goal was to achieve considerable penetration into basement for elucidating the …

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