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Articles 1 - 8 of 8
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Beyond The Boom: Integrated Approaches To Managing Weeds And Brush, M. L. Treadwell, D. Burson
Beyond The Boom: Integrated Approaches To Managing Weeds And Brush, M. L. Treadwell, D. Burson
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
William Bray stated in his 1904 report, The Timber of the Edwards Plateau of Texas, "This struggle of the timberlands to capture the grasslands is an old warfare....it spreads like infection.” This trend is true today and especially pronounced in the Great Plains, where only 1/4 of the Great Plains’ original grasslands remains intact. Species like honey mesquite, honey locust, black locust, sumac, dogwood, post oak, winged elm, Siberian elm, salt cedar, huisache, Eastern redcedar, Ashe and redberry juniper, pricklypear, sericea lespedeza, and many other species represent alarming rates of spread and rapid establishment throughout Great Plains grasslands. Although, these …
Effect Of Timing And Intensity Of Drought On Perennial Ryegrass Seed Yield, R. J. Martin, R. N. Gillespie, S. Maley
Effect Of Timing And Intensity Of Drought On Perennial Ryegrass Seed Yield, R. J. Martin, R. N. Gillespie, S. Maley
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Perennial ryegrass seed worth about $50 million is produced annually in Canterbury, New Zealand (Rowarth 1998). Ryegrass seed production in New Zealand is often affected by drought, reducing both seed number and seed size (Rolston et al., 1994). Irrigation management recommendations are not currently available for farmers growing ryegrass seed crops. To quantify the effect of water stress on perennial ryegrass seed yield, we carried out an experiment in a rainshelter where rainfall was excluded from experimental plots otherwise exposed to normal weather (Martin et al., 1990).
Forage Monitoring Technology To Improve Risk Management Decision Making By Herders In The Gobi Region Of Mongolia, Jay Angerer, J. W. Stuth, D. Tsogoo, G. Tolleson, Dennis Sheehy, U. Gombosuren, Sean Granville-Ross
Forage Monitoring Technology To Improve Risk Management Decision Making By Herders In The Gobi Region Of Mongolia, Jay Angerer, J. W. Stuth, D. Tsogoo, G. Tolleson, Dennis Sheehy, U. Gombosuren, Sean Granville-Ross
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In the period from 1999 to 2002, Mongolia experienced a series of droughts and severe winters that lowered livestock numbers by approximately 30% countrywide. In the Gobi region, livestock mortality reached 50% with many households losing entire herds (Siurua & Swift 2002). In March 2004, a program was initiated by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) through the Global Livestock Collaborative Research and Support Program (GLCRSP). The goal of this program is to develop forage monitoring technologies that provide early warning of drought and winter disaster to improve livestock herder decision making in the Gobi region. The program …
Dynamics Of Long-Term Carbon Sequestration On Rangelands In The Western Usa, G. E. Schuman, L. J. Ingram, P. D. Stahl, G. F. Vance
Dynamics Of Long-Term Carbon Sequestration On Rangelands In The Western Usa, G. E. Schuman, L. J. Ingram, P. D. Stahl, G. F. Vance
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Rangelands in the USA occupy 161 million hectares of land. Worldwide, rangelands occupy about half of the land area and account for more than 1/3 of the world's terrestrial carbon (C) reserves. Because of their large land area, rangelands have the potential to sequester a significant amount of additional atmospheric C. Schuman et al. (2001) estimate that rangelands and marginal croplands restored to grasslands in the USA can sequester 64 million metric tonnes C/ha/yr if properly managed. The objective of this research was to evaluate the long-term effects of grazing on soil C storage in a northern mixed-grass prairie (NMP).
Long-Term (9-Year) Response Of Two Semiarid Grasslands To Prescribed Fire In The Southwestern Usa, R. L. Pendleton, B. K. Pendleton, C. S. White
Long-Term (9-Year) Response Of Two Semiarid Grasslands To Prescribed Fire In The Southwestern Usa, R. L. Pendleton, B. K. Pendleton, C. S. White
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Historically, arid grasslands of SW USA experienced fire return intervals of 5-10 years. During the last 100 years, however, fire has been a rare event. Recent expansion of woody plants in arid grasslands has prompted managers to re-introduce fire as a tool to reduce abundance of woody plants and maintain perennial grass cover. The use of fire in desert grasslands poses unique challenges, however, due to extreme variability in rainfall patterns. Our research examines vegetation response to repeat fire in 2 desert grassland ecotones near Albuquerque, New Mexico (35.05o N 106.60o W).
Updating The Dual C And O Isotope—Gas-Exchange Model: A Concept To Understand Plant Responses To The Environment And Its Implications For Tree Rings, Rolf T. W. Siegwolf, Marco M. Lehmann, Gregory R. Goldsmith, Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova), Cathleen Mirande-Ney, Galina Timoveeva, Rosmarie B. Weigt, Matthias Saurer
Updating The Dual C And O Isotope—Gas-Exchange Model: A Concept To Understand Plant Responses To The Environment And Its Implications For Tree Rings, Rolf T. W. Siegwolf, Marco M. Lehmann, Gregory R. Goldsmith, Olga V. Churakova (Sidorova), Cathleen Mirande-Ney, Galina Timoveeva, Rosmarie B. Weigt, Matthias Saurer
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
The combined study of carbon (C) and oxygen (O) isotopes in plant organic matter has emerged as a powerful tool for understanding plant functional responses to environmental change. The approach relies on established relationships between leaf gas exchange and isotopic fractionation to derive a series of model scenarios that can be used to infer changes in photosynthetic assimilation and stomatal conductance driven by changes in environmental parameters (CO2, water availability, air humidity, temperature, nutrients). We review the mechanistic basis for a conceptual model, in light of recently published research, and discuss where isotopic observations do not match our …
Physiological And Transcriptomic Responses Of Two Artemisia Californica Populations To Drought: Implications For Restoring Drought-Resilient Native Communities, Hagop S. Atamian Dr., Jennifer L. Funk
Physiological And Transcriptomic Responses Of Two Artemisia Californica Populations To Drought: Implications For Restoring Drought-Resilient Native Communities, Hagop S. Atamian Dr., Jennifer L. Funk
Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research
As climate change brings drier and more variable rainfall patterns to many arid and semi-arid regions, land managers must re-assemble appropriate plant communities for these conditions. Transcriptome sequencing can elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying plant responses to changing environmental conditions, potentially enhancing our ability to screen suitable genotypes and species for restoration. We examined physiological and morphological traits and transcriptome sequences of coastal and inland populations of California sagebrush (Artemisia californica), a critical shrub used to restore coastal sage scrub vegetation communities, grown under low and high rainfall environments. The populations are located approximately 36 km apart but …
Endophyte Effects On Antioxidants And Membrane Leakage In Tall Fescue During Drought, C. P. West, R. D. Carson, C. A. Guerber, B. De Los Reyes
Endophyte Effects On Antioxidants And Membrane Leakage In Tall Fescue During Drought, C. P. West, R. D. Carson, C. A. Guerber, B. De Los Reyes
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Tall fescue [Festuca arundinacea (Schreb.)=Lolium arundinaceum (Schreb.) S.J. Darbyshire] infected (E+) by its fungal endophyte [(Neotyphodium coenphialum Morgan-Jones & Gams.) Glenn, Bacon & Hanlin] often shows greater persistence during summer drought than endophyte-free (E-) plants (Malinowski et al., 2005). Survival of the apical meristem and growing zone of vegetative tillers likely involves biochemical adaptations whose benefits to the host are enhanced by endophyte presence. Antioxidant enzymes may scavenge free radicals during heat and drought, and thereby reduce membrane damage. Their roles in endophyte-mediated drought tolerance in tall fescue have not been tested. Our objective was to …