Physical Sciences and Mathematics | Open Access Articles

Spin Exchange Interaction In Substituted Copper Phthalocyanine Crystalline Thin Films, Naveen Rawat, Zhenwen Pan, Cody J. Lamarche, Anthony Wetherby, Rory Waterman, Takahisa Tokumoto, Judy G. Cherian

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

All rights reserved. The origins of spin exchange in crystalline thin films of Copper Octabutoxy Phthalocyanine (Cu-OBPc) are investigated using Magnetic Circular Dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy. These studies are made possible by a solution deposition technique which produces highly ordered films with macroscopic grain sizes suitable for optical studies. For temperatures lower than 2K, the contribution of a specific state in the valence band manifold originating from the hybridized lone pair in nitrogen orbitals of the Phthalocyanine ring, bears the Brillouin-like signature of an exchange interaction with the localized d-shell Cu spins. A comprehensive MCD spectral analysis coupled with a molecular …

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Rapid Biotic Homogenization Of Marine Fish Assemblages, Anne E. Magurran, Maria Dornelas, Faye Moyes, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Brian Mcgill

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

The role human activities play in reshaping biodiversity is increasingly apparent in terrestrial ecosystems. However, the responses of entire marine assemblages are not well-understood, in part, because few monitoring programs incorporate both spatial and temporal replication. Here, we analyse an exceptionally comprehensive 29-year time series of North Atlantic groundfish assemblages monitored over 5° latitude to the west of Scotland. These fish assemblages show no systematic change in species richness through time, but steady change in species composition, leading to an increase in spatial homogenization: the species identity of colder northern localities increasingly resembles that of warmer southern localities. This biotic …

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Ecological And Biogeographic Null Hypotheses For Comparing Rarefaction Curves, Luis Cayuela, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Robert K. Colwell

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

The statistical framework of rarefaction curves and asymptotic estimators allows for an effective standardization of biodiversity measures. However, most statistical analyses still consist of point comparisons of diversity estimators for a particular sampling level. We introduce new randomization methods that incorporate sampling variability encompassing the entire length of the rarefaction curve and allow for statistical comparison of i ≥ 2 individual-based, sample-based, or coverage-based rarefaction curves. These methods distinguish between two distinct null hypotheses: the ecological null hypothesis (H0eco) and the biogeographical null hypothesis (H0biog). H0eco states that the i samples were drawn from a single assemblage, and any differences …

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Temporal Overlap And Co-Occurrence In A Guild Of Sub-Tropical Tephritid Fruit Flies, Gleidyane N. Lopes, Miguel F. Souza-Filho, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Leandro J.U. Lemos, Wesley A.C. Godoy, Roberto A. Zucchi

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Studies of community assembly have emphasized snapshot comparisons of spatially replicated samples from "natural" assemblages. Agro-ecosystems are characterized by relatively little habitat heterogeneity and no dispersal barriers for actively flying insects. Therefore, dynamic patterns of species segregation and aggregation are more likely to reflect the direct or indirect effects of species interactions. We studied the temporal organization of a guild of 21 congeneric species of Anastrepha that colonized fruit orchards in Monte Alegre do Sul, São Paulo, Brazil. This assemblage also included the introduced Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata. One hundred six consecutive weekly censuses (11 Jan 2002-16 Jan 2004) …

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Forecasting The Response Of Earth's Surface To Future Climatic And Land Use Changes: A Review Of Methods And Research Needs, Jon D. Pelletier, A. Brad Murray, Jennifer L. Pierce, Paul R. Bierman, David D. Breshears, Benjamin T. Crosby, Michael Ellis, Efi Foufoula-Georgiou, Arjun M. Heimsath, Chris Houser, Nick Lancaster, Marco Marani, Dorothy J. Merritts, Laura J. Moore, Joel L. Pederson, Michael J. Poulos, Tammy M. Rittenour, Joel C. Rowland, Peter Ruggiero, Dylan J. Ward, Andrew D. Wickert, Elowyn M. Yager

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Earth's Future published by Wiley on behalf of the American Geophysical Union. In the future, Earth will be warmer, precipitation events will be more extreme, global mean sea level will rise, and many arid and semiarid regions will be drier. Human modifications of landscapes will also occur at an accelerated rate as developed areas increase in size and population density. We now have gridded global forecasts, being continually improved, of the climatic and land use changes (C&LUC) that are likely to occur in the coming decades. However, besides a few exceptions, consensus forecasts do not exist for how these C&LUC …

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Climate Controls On Air Quality In The Northeastern U.S.: An Examination Of Summertime Ozone Statistics During 1993-2012, Evan M. Oswald, Lesley Ann Dupigny-Giroux, Eric M. Leibensperger, Rich Poirot, Jeff Merrell

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

The goal of this study is to better understand the linkages between the climate system and surface-level ozone concentrations in the Northeastern U.S. We focus on the regularity of observed high ozone concentrations between May 15 and August 30 during the 1993-2012 period. The first portion of this study establishes relationships between ozone and meteorological predictors. The second examines the linkages between ozone and large-scale teleconnections within the climate system. Statistical models for each station are constructed using a combination of Correlation Analysis, Principal Components Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression. In general, the strongest meteorological predictors of ozone are the …

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Unveiling The Species-Rank Abundance Distribution By Generalizing The Good-Turing Sample Coverage Theory, Anne Chao, T. C. Hsieh, Robin L. Chazdon, Robert K. Colwell, Nicholas J. Gotelli, B. D. Inouye

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Based on a sample of individuals, we focus on inferring the vector of species relative abundance of an entire assemblage and propose a novel estimator of the complete species-rank abundance distribution (RAD). Nearly all previous estimators of the RAD use the conventional "plug-in" estimator pi(sample relative abundance) of the true relative abundance piof species i. Because most biodiversity samples are incomplete, the plug-in estimators are applied only to the subset of species that are detected in the sample. Using the concept of sample coverage and its generalization, we propose a new statistical framework to estimate the complete RAD by separately …

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Noaa Local Climate Analysis Tool (Lcat) Data, Methods, And Usability, Marina Timofeyeva-Livezey, Fiona Horsfall, Annette Hollingshead, Jenna Meyers, Lesley Ann Dupigny-Giroux

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) has responded to the increased demand for local climate information by developing the Local Climate Analysis Tool (LCAT). The tool provides rapid responses to climate questions that historically required an extensive data search, research on appropriate analysis techniques, and complex graphics packages. LCAT offers easy and efficient access to scientifically sound analytical capabilities and trusted climate data. Results obtained from LCAT provide relevant climate information to local technical users, decision makers, and educators that will help build a healthy nation and create resilient communities. To ensure that LCAT responds to the articulated needs …

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The Use Of Cmip5 Data To Simulate Climate Change Impacts On Flow Regime Within The Lake Champlain Basin, Ibrahim Nourein Mohammed, Arne Bomblies, Beverley C. Wemple

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Study region: Lake Champlain Basin, northwestern New England, USA. Study focus: Our study uses regional hydrologic analyses and modeling to examine alternative possibilities that might emerge in the Lake Champlain Basin streamflow regime for various climate scenarios. Climate data as well as spatial data were processed to calibrate the Regional Hydro-Ecological Simulation System (RHESSys) model runoff simulations. The 21st century runoff simulations were obtained by driving the RHESSys model with climate data from the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (CMIP5) for representative concentration pathways RCP 4.5 and 8.5. New hydrological insights for the region: Our analyses suggest that most …

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Pleistocene Relative Sea Levels In The Chesapeake Bay Region And Their Implications For The Next Century, Benjamin D. Dejong, Paul R. Bierman, Wayne L. Newell, Tammy M. Rittenour, Shannon A. Mahan, Greg Balco, Dylan H. Rood

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Today, relative sea-level rise (3.4 mm/yr) is faster in the Chesapeake Bay region than any other location on the Atlantic coast of North America, and twice the global average eustatic rate (1.7 mm/yr). Dated interglacial deposits suggest that relative sea levels in the Chesapeake Bay region deviate from global trends over a range of timescales. Glacio-isostatic adjustment of the land surface from loading and unloading of continental ice is likely responsible for these deviations, but our understanding of the scale and timeframe over which isostatic response operates in this region remains incomplete because dated sea-level proxies are mostly limited to …

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Spin Exchange Interaction In Substituted Copper Phthalocyanine Crystalline Thin Films, Naveen Rawat, Zhenwen Pan, Cody J. Lamarche, Anthony Wetherby, Rory Waterman, Takahisa Tokumoto, Judy G. Cherian

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Rapid Biotic Homogenization Of Marine Fish Assemblages, Anne E. Magurran, Maria Dornelas, Faye Moyes, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Brian Mcgill

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Ecological And Biogeographic Null Hypotheses For Comparing Rarefaction Curves, Luis Cayuela, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Robert K. Colwell

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Temporal Overlap And Co-Occurrence In A Guild Of Sub-Tropical Tephritid Fruit Flies, Gleidyane N. Lopes, Miguel F. Souza-Filho, Nicholas J. Gotelli, Leandro J.U. Lemos, Wesley A.C. Godoy, Roberto A. Zucchi

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Climate Controls On Air Quality In The Northeastern U.S.: An Examination Of Summertime Ozone Statistics During 1993-2012, Evan M. Oswald, Lesley Ann Dupigny-Giroux, Eric M. Leibensperger, Rich Poirot, Jeff Merrell

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Unveiling The Species-Rank Abundance Distribution By Generalizing The Good-Turing Sample Coverage Theory, Anne Chao, T. C. Hsieh, Robin L. Chazdon, Robert K. Colwell, Nicholas J. Gotelli, B. D. Inouye

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Noaa Local Climate Analysis Tool (Lcat) Data, Methods, And Usability, Marina Timofeyeva-Livezey, Fiona Horsfall, Annette Hollingshead, Jenna Meyers, Lesley Ann Dupigny-Giroux

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

The Use Of Cmip5 Data To Simulate Climate Change Impacts On Flow Regime Within The Lake Champlain Basin, Ibrahim Nourein Mohammed, Arne Bomblies, Beverley C. Wemple

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications

Pleistocene Relative Sea Levels In The Chesapeake Bay Region And Their Implications For The Next Century, Benjamin D. Dejong, Paul R. Bierman, Wayne L. Newell, Tammy M. Rittenour, Shannon A. Mahan, Greg Balco, Dylan H. Rood

College of Arts and Sciences Faculty Publications