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Articles 1 - 30 of 33
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Sediment Transport Model Including Short-Lived Radioisotopes: Model Description And Idealized Test Cases, Justin J. Birchler,, Courtney K. Harris, Christopher R Sherwood, Tara A. Kniskern
Sediment Transport Model Including Short-Lived Radioisotopes: Model Description And Idealized Test Cases, Justin J. Birchler,, Courtney K. Harris, Christopher R Sherwood, Tara A. Kniskern
VIMS Articles
Geochronologies derived from sediment cores in coastal locations are often used to infer event bed characteristics such as deposit thicknesses and accumulation rates. Such studies commonly use naturally occurring, short-lived radioisotopes, such as Beryllium-7 (Be-7) and Thorium-234 (Th-234), to study depositional and post-depositional processes. These radioisotope activities, however, are not generally represented in sediment transport models that characterize coastal flood and storm deposition with grain size patterns and deposit thicknesses. We modified the Community Sediment Transport Modeling System (CSTMS) to account for reactive tracers and used this capability to represent the behavior of these short-lived radioisotopes on the sediment bed. …
Associated Dataset: Ocean Circulation Causes Strong Variability In The Mid-Atlantic Bight Nitrogen Budget, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Pierre St-Laurent
Associated Dataset: Ocean Circulation Causes Strong Variability In The Mid-Atlantic Bight Nitrogen Budget, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Pierre St-Laurent
Data
The dataset includes model outputs used in the associated publication (Friedrichs et al.), which used the United States Eastern Continental Shelf (USECoS) biogeochemical model embedded in the Regional-Ocean-Modeling-System (ROMS) to examine the impact of the oceanic circulation on the nitrogen budget of the Mid-Atlantic Bight (MAB). The model simulation covers the period 2004 to 2008 and is fully described in the associated publication. The model simulation highlights that the horizontal along-shelf and across-shelf fluxes dominate the spatiotemporal variability of net community production (NCP) in the MAB. The highest NCP is found in a year when inorganic nitrogen entering from across …
Symbiotic Unicellular Cyanobacteria Fix Nitrogen In The Arctic Ocean, K. Harding, K. A. Turk-Kubo, Rachel E. Sipler, M. M. Mills, D. A. Bronk
Symbiotic Unicellular Cyanobacteria Fix Nitrogen In The Arctic Ocean, K. Harding, K. A. Turk-Kubo, Rachel E. Sipler, M. M. Mills, D. A. Bronk
VIMS Articles
Biological dinitrogen (N2) fixation is an important source of nitrogen (N) in low-latitude open oceans. The unusual N2-fixing unicellular cyanobacteria (UCYN-A)/haptophyte symbiosis has been found in an increasing number of unexpected environments, including northern waters of the Danish Straight and Bering and Chukchi Seas. We used nanoscale secondary ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) to measure 15N2 uptake into UCYN-A/haptophyte symbiosis and found that UCYN-A strains identical to low-latitude strains are fixing N2 in the Bering and Chukchi Seas, at rates comparable to subtropical waters. These results show definitively that cyanobacterial N2 fixation is not constrained to subtropical waters, challenging paradigms and …
A Model Archive For Sediment Transport Model Including Short-Lived Radioisotopes: Model Description And Idealized Test Cases, Justin J. Birchler, Courtney K. Harris, Tara A. Kniskern
A Model Archive For Sediment Transport Model Including Short-Lived Radioisotopes: Model Description And Idealized Test Cases, Justin J. Birchler, Courtney K. Harris, Tara A. Kniskern
Data
This dataset includes model input, code, and output used in the publication Birchler et al. (2018, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering), which used a coupled hydrodynamic-sediment transport-biogeochemical model to investigate the roles of resuspension, deposition, on biodiffusion on the behavior of short-lived radioisotopes in an idealized one-dimensional model setting. Model development for this project focused on incorporating radioisotope tracers into the sediment transport module in the Regional Ocean Modeling System (ROMS). As described in Birchler et al. (2018, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering), the model can account for supply and sorption of radioisotope tracers in the …
Stormsense: A Blueprint For Coastal Flood Forecast Information & Automated Alert Messaging Systems, Jon Derek Loftis, Sridhar Katragadda, Sokwoo Rhee, Cuong Nguyen
Stormsense: A Blueprint For Coastal Flood Forecast Information & Automated Alert Messaging Systems, Jon Derek Loftis, Sridhar Katragadda, Sokwoo Rhee, Cuong Nguyen
VIMS Articles
Increased availability of low-cost water level sensors communicating through the Internet of Things (IoT) has expanded the horizons of publicly-ingestible data streams available to modern smart cities. StormSense is an IoT-enabled inundation forecasting research initiative and an active participant in the Global City Teams Challenge seeking to enhance flood preparedness in the smart cities of Hampton Roads, VA for flooding resulting from storm surge, rain, and tides. In this study, we present the a blueprint and series of applicable protocols through the use of the new StormSense water level sensors to help establish a regional resilience monitoring network. In furtherance …
Effects Of Density‐Driven Flows On The Long‐Term Morphodynamic Evolution Of Funnel‐Shaped Estuaries, Matiane Olabarrieta, W. Rockwell Geyer, Giovanni Coco, Carl T. Friedrichs
Effects Of Density‐Driven Flows On The Long‐Term Morphodynamic Evolution Of Funnel‐Shaped Estuaries, Matiane Olabarrieta, W. Rockwell Geyer, Giovanni Coco, Carl T. Friedrichs
VIMS Articles
Subtidal flows driven by density gradients affect the tide‐averaged sediment transport in estuaries and, therefore, can influence their long‐term morphodynamic evolution. The three‐dimensional Coupled Ocean‐Atmosphere‐Wave‐Sediment Transport modeling system is applied to numerically analyze the effects of baroclinicity and Earth's rotation on the long‐term morphodynamic evolution of idealized funnel‐shaped estuaries. The morphodynamic evolution in all the analyzed cases reproduced structures identified in many tide‐dominated estuaries: a meandering region in the fluvial‐tidal transition zone, a tidal maximum area close to the head, and a turbidity maxima region in the brackish zone. As the morphology of the estuaries evolved, the tidal propagation (including …
Impact Of Seabed Resuspension On Oxygen And Nitrogen Dynamics In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico: A Numerical Modeling Study, Julia M. Moriarty, Courtney K. Harris, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Katja Fennel, Kehui Xu
Impact Of Seabed Resuspension On Oxygen And Nitrogen Dynamics In The Northern Gulf Of Mexico: A Numerical Modeling Study, Julia M. Moriarty, Courtney K. Harris, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Katja Fennel, Kehui Xu
VIMS Articles
Resuspension affects water quality in coastal environments by entraining seabed organic matter into the water column, which can increase remineralization, alter seabed fluxes, decrease water clarity, and affect oxygen and nutrient dynamics. Nearly all numerical models of water column biogeochemistry, however, simplify seabed and bottom boundary layer processes and neglect resuspension. Here we implemented HydroBioSed, a coupled hydrodynamic-sediment transport-biogeochemical model to examine the role of resuspension in regulating oxygen and nitrogen dynamics on timescales of a day to a month. The model was implemented for the northern Gulf of Mexico, where the extent of summertime hypoxia is sensitive to seabed …
Stoichiometric N:P Ratios, Temperature, And Iron Impact Carbon And Nitrogen Uptake By Ross Sea Microbial Communities, Jl Spackeen, Da Bronk, Rachel E. Sipler, Em Bertrand, Da Hutchins, Ae Allen
Stoichiometric N:P Ratios, Temperature, And Iron Impact Carbon And Nitrogen Uptake By Ross Sea Microbial Communities, Jl Spackeen, Da Bronk, Rachel E. Sipler, Em Bertrand, Da Hutchins, Ae Allen
VIMS Articles
The Southern Ocean is one of the most biologically important ecosystems on our planet. Microscopic plants, called phytoplankton, form the base of the food web in the Southern Ocean and play a direct role in regulating how much and how fast elements like nitrogen and carbon are cycled throughout the world ocean. The goal of this research was to determine how predicted changes in the environment will impact how fast phytoplankton use these elements. The conditions that we tested included elevated temperature, addition of iron, and the proportion of nitrogen to phosphorus in the seawater. These parameters were selected because …
Estimating Hypoxic Volume In The Chesapeake Bay Using Two Continuously Sampled Oxygen Profiles, Aaron J. Bever, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Carl T. Friedrichs, Malcolm E. Scully
Estimating Hypoxic Volume In The Chesapeake Bay Using Two Continuously Sampled Oxygen Profiles, Aaron J. Bever, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Carl T. Friedrichs, Malcolm E. Scully
VIMS Articles
Low levels of dissolved oxygen (DO) occur in many embayments throughout the world and have numerous detrimental effects on biota. Although measurement of in situ DO is straightforward with modern instrumentation, quantifying the volume of water in a given embayment that is hypoxic (hypoxic volume (HV)) is a more difficult task; however, this information is critical for determining whether management efforts to increase DO are having an overall impact. This paper uses output from a three‐dimensional numerical model to demonstrate that HV in Chesapeake Bay can be estimated well with as few as two vertical profiles. In addition, the cumulative …
Development Of Large-Scale Unstructured Grid Storm Surge And Sub-Grid Inundation Models For Coastal Applications, Zhuo Liu
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Storm surge and inundation induced by hurricanes and nor'easters pose a profound threat to coastal communities and ecosystems. These storm events with powerful winds, heavy precipitation, and strong wind waves can lead to major flooding for cities along U.S. Coasts. Recent examples of Hurricane Irene (2011) in North Carolina and Virginia and Hurricane Sandy (2012) in New York City not only demonstrated the immense destructive power by the storms, but also revealed the obvious, crucial need for improved forecasting of storm tide and inundation. in part I, a large-scale unstructured-grid 3-D barotropic storm tide model SCHISM (Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydroscience Integrated …
Impact Of Submerged Aquatic Vegetation On Water Quality In Cache Slough Complex, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta: A Numerical Modeling Study, Xun Cai
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) plays a significant role in many aquatic systems, and impacts both physical and ecological quantities. It can baffle currents, attenuate waves, recycle nitrogen and phosphorus from the sediment bed, perform ecosystem function as a primary producer, and provide critical habitat for many aquatic species. Conversely, the invasive SAV, Egeria densa (Brazilian waterweed), in the San Francisco Bay & Delta has been a nuisance since its introduction into the system in the 1960s. It has displaced most of the native submersed aquatic plant species in the Delta and restructured the ecosystem, thus threatening the survival of several …
Role Of Sediment Resuspension On Estuarine Suspended Particulate Mercury Dynamics, Ea Seelen, Grace M. Massey, Rp Mason
Role Of Sediment Resuspension On Estuarine Suspended Particulate Mercury Dynamics, Ea Seelen, Grace M. Massey, Rp Mason
VIMS Articles
Coastal sediments are an important site for transient and long-term mercury (Hg) storage, and they foster a geochemical environment optimal for Hg methylation. Therefore, efforts have been taken to constrain the role of sediments as a source of methylmercury (MeHg) to the estuarine water column. This study employed the Gust Microcosm Erosion Core system capable of quantifying particle removal from undisturbed cores under measurable shear stress conditions to assess particulate Hg and MeHg exchange between sediments and the water column. Samples were collected from organic-rich and organic-poor sediment types from the mid- and lower Delaware Bay. It was found that …
Impacts Of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition And Coastal Nitrogen Fluxes On Oxygen Concentrations In Chesapeake Bay, Fei Da, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Pierre St-Laurent
Impacts Of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition And Coastal Nitrogen Fluxes On Oxygen Concentrations In Chesapeake Bay, Fei Da, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Pierre St-Laurent
VIMS Articles
Although rivers are the primary source of dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) inputs to the Chesapeake Bay, direct atmospheric DIN deposition and coastal DIN concentrations on the continental shelf can also significantly influence hypoxia; however, the relative impact of these additional sources of DIN on Chesapeake Bay hypoxia has not previously been quantified. In this study, the estuarine‐carbon‐biogeochemistry model embedded in the Regional‐Ocean‐Modeling‐System (ChesROMS‐ECB) is used to examine the relative impact of these three DIN sources. Model simulations highlight that DIN from the atmosphere has roughly the same impact on hypoxia as the same gram‐for‐gram change in riverine DIN …
Role Of Baroclinic Processes On Flushing Characteristics In A Highly Stratified Estuarine System, Mobile Bay, Alabama, Jiabi Du, Kyeong Park, Jian Shen, Et Al
Role Of Baroclinic Processes On Flushing Characteristics In A Highly Stratified Estuarine System, Mobile Bay, Alabama, Jiabi Du, Kyeong Park, Jian Shen, Et Al
VIMS Articles
Flushing of an estuary quantifies the overall water exchange between the estuary and coastal ocean and is crucially important for water quality as well as biological and geochemical processes within the system. Flushing times and freshwater age in Mobile Bay were numerically calculated under realistic and various controlled forcing conditions. Their responses to external forcing were explained by the three‐dimensional characteristics of general circulation in the system. The flushing time ranges from 10 to 33 days under the 25th–75th percentile river discharges, nearly half of the previous estimates based on barotropic processes only, suggesting the important contribution of baroclinic processes. …
Simple Parameterized Models For Predicting Mobility, Burial And Re-Exposure Of Underwater Munitions. Serdp Final Report Mr-2224, Carl Friedrichs, Sarah E. Rennie, Alan Brandt
Simple Parameterized Models For Predicting Mobility, Burial And Re-Exposure Of Underwater Munitions. Serdp Final Report Mr-2224, Carl Friedrichs, Sarah E. Rennie, Alan Brandt
Reports
A compilation of 761 observations of scour-induced burial and 406 observations of initiation of motion of UXO-like objects are presented. The main factors that increase the scour-induced burial-to-diameter ratio (B/D) under (i) currents and (ii) waves are the (i) Shields parameter (S) and (ii) Keulegan-Carpenter number. For cylinders under waves, B/D additionally increases as the current component parallel to wave orbitals decreases, as S increases, and as the angle between wave orbitals and a cylinder’s axis increases. Cylinders bury most, then spheres, and conical frustums bury least. Simple models dependent on these variables explain 85% of observed variance in B/D. …
Evaluation Of Population Structure And The Interspecific Relationship Of Striped Marlin (Kajikia Audax) And White Marlin (K. Albida) Based On Traditional Or Genome-Wide Molecular Markers, Nadya Mamoozadeh
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
The istiophorid billfishes (marlins, spearfishes, and sailfish) are highly migratory pelagic fishes exhibiting broad and continuous spatial distributions in the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans. These species are targeted by a number of recreational, commercial, artisanal, and subsistence fisheries worldwide, and are also caught as bycatch in pelagic longline fisheries targeting tunas and swordfish. Though stock assessments have not been conducted for all istiophorids, assessments available for some species indicate that many istiophorid stocks are overfished and/or experiencing overfishing. However, the development of stock-specific recovery efforts is often impeded by a lack of information on basic species biology, including stock …
Anthropocene Sea Level Change: A History Of Recent Trends Observed In The U.S. East, Gulf, And West Coast Regions, John D. Boon, Molly Mitchell, Jon Derek Loftis, David L. Malmquist
Anthropocene Sea Level Change: A History Of Recent Trends Observed In The U.S. East, Gulf, And West Coast Regions, John D. Boon, Molly Mitchell, Jon Derek Loftis, David L. Malmquist
Reports
Relative sea level (RSL) observations since 1969 at U.S. tide stations exhibit trends in RSL rise rate and acceleration that vary in response to both global and regional processes. Trend histories display a high degree of similarity between locations in coastal regions that are experiencing similar processes. With the exception of the U.S. Northeast Coast and Alaska,every other coastal location in the continental U.S. has experienced an upturn in RSL rise rate since 2013-2014 despite wide differences in the magnitude and trending direction of RSL acceleration. High RSL acceleration along the U.S. Northeast Coast has trended downward since 2011 while …
Tidal Response To Sea-Level Rise In Different Types Of Estuaries: The Importance Of Length, Bathymetry, And Geometry, Jb Du, Jian Shen, Yinglong J. Zhang, Fei Ye, Z Liu, Zg Wang, Yp Wang, X Yu, M Sisson, Harry V. Wang
Tidal Response To Sea-Level Rise In Different Types Of Estuaries: The Importance Of Length, Bathymetry, And Geometry, Jb Du, Jian Shen, Yinglong J. Zhang, Fei Ye, Z Liu, Zg Wang, Yp Wang, X Yu, M Sisson, Harry V. Wang
VIMS Articles
Tidal response to sea-level rise (SLR) varies in different coastal systems. To provide a generic pattern of tidal response to SLR, a systematic investigation was conducted using numerical techniques applied to idealized and realistic estuaries, with model results cross-checked by analytical solutions. Our results reveal that the response of tidal range to SLR is nonlinear, spatially heterogeneous, and highly affected by the length and bathymetry of an estuary and weakly affected by the estuary convergence with an exception of strong convergence. Contrary to the common assumption that SLR leads to a weakened bottom friction, resulting in increased tidal amplitude, we …
2018 Gloucester Point Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, David A. Evans
2018 Gloucester Point Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, David A. Evans
Miscellaneous
These calendars are produced monthly using David Evans' Tidecal.
2018 Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, David A. Evans
2018 Chesapeake Bay Bridge Tunnel Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, David A. Evans
Miscellaneous
These calendars are produced monthly using David Evans' Tidecal.
2018 Wachapreague Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, David A. Evans
2018 Wachapreague Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, David A. Evans
Miscellaneous
These calendars are produced monthly using David Evans' Tidecal.
2018 Hampton Roads Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, David A. Evans
2018 Hampton Roads Station Tide Prediction Calendars, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, David A. Evans
Miscellaneous
These calendars are produced monthly using David Evans' Tidecal.
Assessing The Impact Of Land Use And Climate Change On Streamflow And Nutrient Delivery To The New River Estuary, Nc, Shanna Williamson
Assessing The Impact Of Land Use And Climate Change On Streamflow And Nutrient Delivery To The New River Estuary, Nc, Shanna Williamson
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Freshwater inflow influences numerous physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of estuaries. The influx of freshwater to an estuary typically serves as an important source of allochthonous material from which primary producers derive their energy and transfer this energy to higher trophic levels. Any changes to freshwater flow subsequently impacts nutrient delivery and indirectly impacts organisms across multiple trophic levels. Anthropogenic changes to coastal land use and climate both act to threaten the integrity of estuarine systems by influencing freshwater inflow and dissolved nutrient input. Watershed loading models such as the Regional Nutrient Management (ReNuMa) model offer the ability to estimate …
Integrated Ocean, Earth, And Atmospheric Observations For Resilience Planning In Hampton Roads, Virginia, Jon Derek Loftis, Molly Mitchell, Larry Atkinson, Ben Hamlington, Thomas R. Allen, David R. Forrest, Et Al
Integrated Ocean, Earth, And Atmospheric Observations For Resilience Planning In Hampton Roads, Virginia, Jon Derek Loftis, Molly Mitchell, Larry Atkinson, Ben Hamlington, Thomas R. Allen, David R. Forrest, Et Al
VIMS Articles
Building flood resilience in coastal communities requires a precise understanding of the temporal and spatial scales of inundation and the ability to detect and predict changes in flooding. In Hampton Roads, the Intergovernmental Pilot Project's Scientific Advisory Committee recommended an integrated network of ocean, earth, and atmospheric data collection from both private and public sector organizations that engage in active scientific monitoring and observing. Since its establishment, the network has grown to include monitoring of water levels, land subsidence, wave measurements, current measurements, and atmospheric conditions. High-resolution land elevation and land cover data sets have also been developed. These products …
Improving Stock Assessments And Management Advice For Bluefin Tunas And Other Highly Migratory Species, Lisa Elma Ailloud
Improving Stock Assessments And Management Advice For Bluefin Tunas And Other Highly Migratory Species, Lisa Elma Ailloud
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
For years bluefin tuna has been the poster child for overfishing and poor management. However, recent improvements in data collection, catch monitoring and international cooperation are providing an opportunity to reverse the perception of a fishery that is doomed to collapse. Stock assessments are conducted routinely to monitor the abundance and productivity of exploited fish stocks so managers can determine how many fish can be sustainably harvested each year. Should a stock be declared overfished or under-going overfishing, the science behind stock assessments also equip managers with the knowledge necessary to make decisions about what short-term and long-term management measures …
Stormsense: A New Integrated Network Of Iot Water Level Sensors In The Smart Cities Of Hampton Roads, Va, Jon Derek Loftis, David R. Forrest, Sridhar Katragadda, Kyle Spencer, Tammie Organski, Cuong Nguyen, Sokwoo Rhee
Stormsense: A New Integrated Network Of Iot Water Level Sensors In The Smart Cities Of Hampton Roads, Va, Jon Derek Loftis, David R. Forrest, Sridhar Katragadda, Kyle Spencer, Tammie Organski, Cuong Nguyen, Sokwoo Rhee
VIMS Articles
Propagation of cost-effective water level sensors powered through the Internet of Things (IoT) has expanded the available offerings of ingestible data streams at the disposal of modern smart cities. StormSense is an IoT-enabled inundation forecasting research initiative and an active participant in the Global City Teams Challenge, seeking to enhance flood preparedness in the smart cities of Hampton Roads, VA, for flooding resulting from storm surge, rain, and tides. In this study, we present the results of the new StormSense water level sensors to help establish the “regional resilience monitoring network” noted as a key recommendation from the Intergovernmental Pilot …
Consumption Patterns Of Chesapeake Bay Fishes, Christopher James Sweetman
Consumption Patterns Of Chesapeake Bay Fishes, Christopher James Sweetman
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
As fisheries management moves away from single-species approaches and towards more holistic, ecosystem-based approaches, physiological and ecological interactions need to be explicitly considered and mechanistically understood. Accurate portrayals of food web interactions and the direction and magnitude of energy flow between predator and prey populations are fundamental components to further develop ecosystem-based fisheries management (EBFM). to bolster information that is required within an EBFM framework in the Chesapeake Bay, I conducted research designed to advance traditional dietary studies and better understand the form and structure within the Bay's food web. This research relied on controlled feeding experiments, comprehensive sampling of …
Crab Larval Abundance And Settlement Patterns In A Changing Chesapeake Bay, Itchika Sivaipram
Crab Larval Abundance And Settlement Patterns In A Changing Chesapeake Bay, Itchika Sivaipram
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
All estuarine crabs have two larval stages, the zoea and the megalopa. Zoeae are entirely planktonic, whereas megalopae begin as plankton before beginning to search for settlement substrates as late stage megalopae. At both stages, crab larvae are subject to environmental conditions of the estuary. With changing environmental conditions due to anthropogenic activities and climate change, an understanding of how these planktonic larvae respond to environmental conditions is necessary for understanding subsequent larval supply to benthic populations and implication for fisheries management and habitat restoration. For this dissertation, I: 1) analyzed long-term timeseries in the lower Chesapeake Bay for spatial …
Developing Efficient High-Order Transport Schemes For Cross-Scale Coupled Estuary-Ocean Modeling, Fei Ye
Developing Efficient High-Order Transport Schemes For Cross-Scale Coupled Estuary-Ocean Modeling, Fei Ye
Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects
Geophysical fluid dynamics (GFD) models have progressed greatly in simulating the world’s oceans and estuaries in the past three decades, thanks to the development of novel numerical algorithms and the advent of massively parallel high-performance computing platforms. Study of inter-related processes on multi-scales (e.g., between large-scale (remote) processes and small-scale (local) processes) has always been an important theme for GFD modeling. For this purpose, models based on unstructured-grid (UG) have shown great potential because of their superior abilities in enabling multi-resolution and in fitting geometry and boundary. Despite UG models’ successful applications on coastal systems, significant obstacles still exist that …
Effects Of Projected Changes In Wind, Atmospheric Temperature, And Freshwater Inflow On The Ross Sea, Ms Dinniman, Jm Klinck, Ee Hofmann, Walker O. Smith Jr.
Effects Of Projected Changes In Wind, Atmospheric Temperature, And Freshwater Inflow On The Ross Sea, Ms Dinniman, Jm Klinck, Ee Hofmann, Walker O. Smith Jr.
VIMS Articles
A 5-km horizontal resolution regional ocean-sea ice-ice shelf model of the Ross Sea is used to examine the effects of changes in wind strength, air temperature, and increased meltwater input on the formation of high-salinity shelf water (HSSW), on-shelf transport and vertical mixing of Circumpolar Deep Water (CDW) and its transformation into modified CDW (MCDW), and basal melt of the Ross Ice Shelf (RIS). A 20% increase in wind speed, with no other atmospheric changes, reduced summer sea ice minimum area by 20%, opposite the observed trend of the past three decades. Increased winds with spatially uniform, reduced atmospheric temperatures …