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Natural Resources Management and Policy
University of Nebraska - Lincoln
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Chemical Signals And Repellency: Problems And Prognosis, Gary K. Beauchamp
Chemical Signals And Repellency: Problems And Prognosis, Gary K. Beauchamp
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
The chemical senses (olfaction, gustation, and chemical irritation or pain) were likely the first to evolve. Their functions are among the most basic-to attract and to repel. Attracting compounds often signal food or sex; repelling compounds presumably signal danger. Among the chemical senses, only olfaction appears to have several functional roles, two of which are modulation of social behaviors and identification of food. Whether an odor attracts or repels often depends to a large degree on learning. Consequently, dissociated olfactory stimuli may be relatively poor candidates for repellents since, after repeated exposure, pest animals are likely to ignore them. Taste, …
Effectiveness Of Varpel Rope@ On Norway Rats And House Mice In Laboratory And Field Conditions, J.D. Wilhide, M.D. Fletcher
Effectiveness Of Varpel Rope@ On Norway Rats And House Mice In Laboratory And Field Conditions, J.D. Wilhide, M.D. Fletcher
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
This study is based on observations made during the efficacy testing for EPA product approval of Varpel Rope®, a temporary repellent for Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) and the house mouse (Mus musculus). Animals were tested under both laboratory and field conditions. Laboratory testing was conducted at Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, AR, and resulted in 75-97% repellency. Field testing that resulted in repellency rates from 50 to 100%, was conducted in Newport, AR. Over 140 hr of videotape were recorded during the 1,800 individual laboratory and field trials. Testing was conducted from June 1989 through May 1992.
Review Of Regulatory-Imposed Marketing Constraints To Repellent Development, Judith M. Hushon
Review Of Regulatory-Imposed Marketing Constraints To Repellent Development, Judith M. Hushon
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
The purpose of this paper is to review the regulatory issues concerned with marketing repellents and to try to identify areas where changes may be needed. Repellents are covered unevenly by the various Federal and State pesticide laws. These laws were generally formulated to deal with pesticides and other highly toxic chemicals used to control "pests." However, repellents discourage pests due to their disagreeable properties rather than their toxicity. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has recently introduced reduced risk pesticide guidance which limits reporting requirements and hastens review. Those states that follow the Federal lead do not represent a problem. …
The Role Of Analytical Chemistry In Repellent Research, Bruce A. Kimball, Dale L. Nolte, Kevin L. Kelly, John J. Johnston
The Role Of Analytical Chemistry In Repellent Research, Bruce A. Kimball, Dale L. Nolte, Kevin L. Kelly, John J. Johnston
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
Development of effective repellents requires in depth investigation of the interaction of animals with their chemical environment. This multidisciplinary field, chemical ecology, has received much attention in the area of plant/invertebrate herbivore interactions. At the Denver Wildlife Research Center (DWRC), we have benefited by the close collaboration of chemists and biologists when studying the interactions of vertebrates with natural products. Typically, this combines chemical assays that provide information on the characteristics of chemical cues with bioassays that generate information on the mechanisms that drive animal behavior. The chemistry role in this research can be either supportive or interactive. Two recent …
Review Of Synthetic Predator Odor Semiochemicals As Repellents For Wildlife Management In The Pacific Northwest, Pontus M.F. Lindgren, Thomas P. Sullivan, Douglas R. Crump
Review Of Synthetic Predator Odor Semiochemicals As Repellents For Wildlife Management In The Pacific Northwest, Pontus M.F. Lindgren, Thomas P. Sullivan, Douglas R. Crump
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
The use of synthetic predator odor semiochemicals as area repellents has considerable potential for protection of forest and agricultural crops. Certain predator odors originating from feces, urine, or scent (anal) gland secretions elicit a "fear" response when detected by prey species. At least some genera (e.g., Microtus) appear to have an innate response to these odors. Synthetic constituents from the weasel family (Mustelidae) have been particularly effective in laboratory and field bioassays with a variety of mammal species. Semiochemicals from the stoat (Mustela erminea) and red fox (Vulpes vulpes) have successfully reduced feeding damage to …
Repellency Of Predator Urine To Woodchucks And Meadow Voles, Robert K. Swihart, Mary Jane I. Mattina, Joseph J. Pignatello
Repellency Of Predator Urine To Woodchucks And Meadow Voles, Robert K. Swihart, Mary Jane I. Mattina, Joseph J. Pignatello
National Wildlife Research Center Repellents Conference 1995
Woodchucks (Marmota monax) and meadow voles (Microtus pennsylvanicus) can be serious pests in orchards where they damage young fruit trees by gnawing on main stems. Previous work indicated that topical application of bobcat (Lynx rufus) urine to apple trees could reduce woodchuck damage by an average of 98%. Here, we report on field trials designed to determine whether various fractions of bobcat urine could achieve comparable reductions in gnawing activity. Trials with smooth sumac (Rhus glabra) resulted in an average reduction in gnawing over a 4-week period, relative to controls, of 86% …