Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Articles 1 - 1 of 1
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Duality On Noncompact Manifolds And Complements Of Topological Knots, Gerard A. Venema
Duality On Noncompact Manifolds And Complements Of Topological Knots, Gerard A. Venema
University Faculty Publications and Creative Works
Let be the image of a topological embedding of into. In this paper the homotopy groups of the complement. are studied. In contrast with the situation in the smooth and piecewise-linear categories, it is shown that the first nonstandard homotopy group of the complement of such a topological knot can occur in any dimension in the range 1 through n - 2. If the first nonstandard homotopy group of the complement occurs above the middle dimension, then the end of must have a nontrivial homotopy group in the dual dimension. The complement has the proper homotopy type of if both …