Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Qualitative Analysis Of Selected Hydrocarbon Produced In Kansas Using Ftir: An Oil-Oil Correlation Study, Oluwaseun Omoyemi, Henry Agbogun, James Titah

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

Hydrocarbons have been produced in Kansas since the 1860s, however, the properties and characteristics of the produced oil are still poorly understood.

An oil-oil correlation analysis has been conducted on twelve hydrocarbon samples from three subbasins and from five producing intervals within the State of Kansas. Fourier Transform Infrared Radiation (FTIR) was used to characterize the organic functional groups present within the samples and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) was used to assess the hydrocarbon fractions in the samples. The FTIR spectrum of all the samples exhibit similar peaks implying similar functionally groups were present in all the samples. The TLC …

Investigation Of Temporal Variation In Sediment Deposition Within The Tropical Wouri Estuary Cameroon Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, Olumide Ajulo, Dr. Henry Agbogun, Dr. Hendratta Ali

SACAD: John Heinrichs Scholarly and Creative Activity Days

In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was employed to qualitatively analyze organic and mineral components of the sediment core collected from the Wouri Estuary. The FTIR spectra revealed distinct transmittance corresponding to different organic and mineral phases, allowing for the characterization of sediment composition. The FTIR spectra showed changes and variation progressively from the bottom to the top. These sediments are proxies for time this can be inferred to say deposition in the Wouri Estuary has always changed.

Subaqueous Carbonate Speleothems As Paleotemperature Archives – Clumped Isotope Thermometry And Stable Isotope Compositions Of Inclusion-Hosted Water, Attila Demeny, Ágnes Berentés, László Rinyu, Ivett Kovács, Gergely Surányi, Magdolna Virág

International Journal of Speleology

Clumped isotope measurements of carbonates and stable isotope analyses of water trapped in fluid inclusions are both promising techniques to determine carbonate formation temperatures. Cave-hosted carbonate deposits (speleothems) are excellent targets for such studies, but kinetic fractionations and diagenetic influences frequently deteriorate the temperature data obtained from these methods. However, subaqueous carbonate deposits may provide reliable data, as kinetic fractionations are less significant in underwater environments. In this study, subaqueous speleothems, whose formation temperatures were directly measured in the water, were investigated. Additionally, temperatures calculated from the oxygen isotope fractionations between calcite and fluid inclusion-hosted water were compared with clumped …

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

Reverse Pseudo-Gours: A New Sub-Type Of Folia Observed In The Nerja Cave (Se Spain), Cristina Liñán Baena, Concepción Jiménez De Cisneros, Yolanda Del Rosal, Paolo Forti

International Journal of Speleology

A new sub-type of folia named “reverse pseudo-gour” has been observed and described in the Nerja Cave, southern Spain. It consists of fairly vertical, thin barriers (about 5 mm high and 2 mm thick) that develop on the underside of a sub-horizontal surface (shelfstone) and grow in the opposite direction to normal gours (rimstone dams), generating sinuous shapes. Their mineral composition is essentially calcium carbonate, although globular aggregates composed of clay and phosphate minerals have also been identified. The genesis and evolution of these reverse pseudo-gours occur just at the air-water interface and are controlled by (1) the sub-horizontality of …

Cryogenic Ridges: A New Speleothem Type, Bogdan P. Onac, Daniel M. Cleary, Oana A. Dumitru, Victor J. Polyak, Ioan Povara, Jonathan G. Wynn, Yemane Asmerom

International Journal of Speleology

Cryogenic cave carbonates have been described from several formerly or presently glaciated karst caves. In most of these occurrences, they precipitated as loose grains or aggregates with various morphologies and sizes. Here, we report on a new speleothem type (cryogenic ridges) identified in Sohodoalele Mici Cave (SW Romania) within a large chamber near the entrance shaft. This study was motivated by the presence of a network of calcite ridges over the stalactites’ surface and by the observation that during winter, these speleothems are covered by a thin ice layer. The higher δ¹⁸O (−3.5 to –1‰) and …

Accurate Whole-Rock Geochemistry Analysis By Combined Icp-Oes And La-Icp-Ms Instruments, Gönenç Göçmengi̇l, Fatma Şi̇şman Tükel, Fulya Uzun, Marcel Guillong, İsak Yilmaz, Namık Aysal, Nurullah Hani̇lçi̇

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

ICP-OES and LA-ICP-MS instruments routinely used to assess the geochemical properties of the various natural and synthetic materials. In this contribution, the analytical routines and method development procedures of the ICP-OES and LA-ICP-MS facilities installed at the İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa Geological Engineering Department, Geochronology and Geochemistry Laboratory have been evaluated using well-known international rock standards. Sample preparation techniques, method development, experimental setup and measurement conditions for the both ICP-OES and LA-ICP-MS instruments were discussed and specific analyze results of NIST SRM 614, BCR-2, AGV-2, BCR-2G and AGV-2G were evaluated. Flux-free USGS glass standards were produced by in-house techniques and flux-bearing glasses …

Efficiency Of Singularity And Pca Mapping Of Mineralization-Related Geochemical Anomalies: A Comparative Study Using Bleg And <180Μm Stream Sediment Geochemical Data, Fatma Nuran Sönmez, Simay Koçkar, Hüseyin Yilmaz

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

In gold (Au) exploration, the analysis of both bulk leach extractable gold (BLEG) and acid-extractable Au in the <180μm stream sediment fraction are the two most common approaches. The Eskişehir- Sivrihisar region in Western Türkiye hosts several orogenic type mineral deposits. The purpose of this study is to delineate geochemical anomalies of ore-related elements and track their dispersion, which may lead to discovery of unknown ore deposits. This research also compares the capability of conventional statistical and principal component analysis (PCA), with concentration area (C-A) and number-size/concentration (N-S/C) fractal methods as well as singularity index method to differentiate anomalous and background Au distributions. Known Au mineralization in the region of interest is strongly reflected in stream sediment BLEG Au patterns, which have robust singularity indices with C-A and N-S multifractal modeling and PCA. A hundred % of the Au deposits were detected using either BLEG Au and Ag singularity index mapping with C-A fractal analysis whereas the factor analysis of which revealed 85% efficiency. Several strong Au-Ag anomalies defined by the singularity index and factor analysis in this study requires further follow up for the discovery of new deposits.

Usability Value Of The Yenicekale Formation Exposure Around The Pazarcık (Kahramanmaraş) As A Cement Raw Material, Güldemin Darbaş, Fatma Bayrak, Ali Gürel

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The study area is located around Pazarcık - Narlı, Kahramanmaraş province. The aim of the study is to investigate the value of units belonging to the Yenicekale Formation Kışla Marl Member as cement raw material. As a result of XRD studies, it was determined that Yenicekale formation Kışla Marn Member which is exposed to large areas in the region is composed of illite, quartz, dolomite, calcite, and chlorite minerals by rock analyzed. By geochemical analysis, SiO₂, Al₂O₃, Fe₂O₃, CaO, MgO, K₂O, Na₂O, SO₃ contents of …

Low Impact Sampling Of Speleothems – Reconciling Scientific Study With Cave Conservation, Claire L.V. Macgregor, John C. Hellstrom, Jon D. Woodhead, Russell N. Drysdale, Rolan S. Eberhard

International Journal of Speleology

Speleothems are increasingly valued as important paleoclimate archives and yet the removal of samples from caves can come at a cost to natural heritage, impacting delicate environments with limited mechanisms for repair. Conservation of cave environments is a key responsibility for scientists and, with this in mind, we are working to develop and implement techniques that allow us to extract valuable scientific data, with minimal impact. In this study, we demonstrate the utility of low-impact reconnaissance dating surveys on caves in southern Tasmania and southwest Western Australia as a precursor to the removal of stalagmites for paleoclimate reconstruction. Small flakes …

Continuous Color Model As A Tool To Improve Speleothem Age Model Development, Celia Campa-Bousoño, Ángel García-Pérez, Ana Moreno, Miguel Iglesias, Hai Cheng, R Lawrence Edwards, Heather Stoll

International Journal of Speleology

Because they can archive a variety of geochemical proxies and be precisely and accurately dated with the U-Th decay series chronometer, stalagmites are widely used for paleoclimate reconstructions. However, limitations in the use of this chronometer arise because U-Th dating is analytically time consuming, expensive, and requires a relatively large sample size. These limitations restrict the number of absolute dates usually obtained, which can result in significant uncertainties in the age model and inhibit the ability to archive high resolution records of environmental variability, particularly in those stalagmites where there are variations in growth rate not constrained by U-Th dates. …

Geochemistry Of Phosphatic Nodules As A Tool For Understanding Depositional And Taphonomical Settings In A Palaeolithic Cave Site (San Teodoro, Sicily), Gerlando Vita, Vittorio Garilli, Mirko Andrea Vizzini, Renato Giarrusso, Angelo Mulone, Massimiliana Pinto Vraca, Valeria La Parola, Pierluigi Rosina, Laura Bonfiglio, Luca Sineo

International Journal of Speleology

Interpreting depositional settings of cave sites is generally problematic, especially in absence of paleontological/archaeological evidence. This is the case of some deposits at San Teodoro Cave (Sicily), a key site for the Mediterranean Palaeolithic. In a stratigraphic level interrupted by a carbonatic concretion, phosphatic nodules are present only in the part enclosed between the concretion and the cave wall. The discovery of these nodules combined with the punctual lack of fossils had initially suggested an erosion phenomenon and subsequent formation of nodules at a vadose level. Here we show the usefulness of an integrated, geochemical-paleoecological approach in defining stratigraphy and …

Geochemistry Of Miocene Evaporites From The Aşkale (Erzurum, Eastern Turkey) Area: Constraints For Paleo-Environment, Emel Abdi̇oğlu Yazar, Mehmet Arslan, Cahit Helvaci, İbrahim Gündoğan, İrfan Temi̇zel, Didem Aydin Çakir

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The Aşkale sub-basin hosts Early Miocene evaporites intercalated with clastic sediments and carbonates. Gypsum- and anhydrite-rich evaporite samples are characterized by high CaO and SO4 contents, and low Na2O, K2O, MgO, and B contents. The Sr contents are 228 - 13,100 ppm in evaporite samples, 169 - 992 ppm in claystone, 181 - 60,090 ppm in marl, and 15,150 ppm in limestone. All the samples are also characterized by enrichment in light rare earth elements (REE) with LaN / LuN = 0.667 - 4.243 and have variable CeN / Ce* (0.823 - 1.353) ratios. Measured EuN / Eu* values of …

Characterization Of Surface Geology And Hydrogeology In The Upper Ulua River Basin, Honduras, C. Renee Sparks, Issac J. Jacques, Cheryl L. Verbree, Thomas J. Timmermans, Stuart Dykstra

The Compass: Earth Science Journal of Sigma Gamma Epsilon

This research includes a hydrogeologic assessment in and around La Union, Honduras to determine the contribution of groundwater to the surface water system and understand the geological control of groundwater storage and movement. Field methods were employed and focused on spring characterization, geochemical signatures, and structural data. Field data was gathered, and locations determined using cellular-integrated GPS signal and the Fulcrum mapping software mobile application. During the summer of 2017, data on 111 geologic points and 34 water points were collected to understand the hydrogeology of the region. Streams and springs were monitored for pH, flow characteristics and conductance as …

The Impact Of Burning On The Structure And Mineral Composition Of Bat Guano, Joyce Lundberg, Donald A. Mcfarlane

International Journal of Speleology

Here we addressed the question of whether burning of guano produces a characteristic suite of morphological changes and/or unique mineralogical products. The changes observed in our experimental burning of guano (both fresh and decayed) included colour change (blackening), grain size and morphological change (grain size generally reduced, morphology rendered generally less distinct), alteration of minerals by dehydration (e.g., gypsum to anhydrite, brushite to whitlockite), and production of new minerals or compounds (e.g., augelite, bayerite, giniite, graphite, oldhamite, strontium apatite, tridymite). The key morphological feature we found that may be diagnostic of burning was severe damage to crystals from rapid dehydration …

Organic Geochemical Characteristics, Depositional Environment And Hydrocarbon Potential Of Bituminous Marls In Bozcahüyük (Seyitömer/Kütahya) Basin, Fatih Büyük, Ali Sari

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

In this study, the geochemical properties, sedimentation conditions and hydrocarbon potential of the bituminous marls, having quite rich organic carbon content (average 9.27% TOC), composed of gray-green colored, dominant marl lithology with marl-claystone intercalation in the Bozcahüyük (Seyitömer/Kütahya) Basin has been evaluated. In this context, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, Gas Chromatography (GC), Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Modified Fischer Assay (MFA) analyses of the samples taken from the study area were performed and their organic facies have been evaluated. The marls have an excellent source rock characteristics, and include kerogen predominantly as Type I and rarely as Type II. The precipitation of …

Investigation Of The Paleodepositional Environment Of The Middle Miocene Aged Organic Matter Rich Rocks (Tavas/Denizli/Sw Turkey) By Using Biomarker Parameters And Stable Isotope Compositions (¹³C And ¹⁵N), Demet Banu Koralay

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The study area is located 45 km south of Denizli. The purpose of this study is to identify the organic geochemical properties and paleo depositional environment of organic matter rich rocks from Tavas (Denizli/SW Turkey). For this purpose, total organic carbon (TOC, wt.%) and pyrolysis, n-alkane, isoprenoid, sterane, terpane and aromatic hydrocarbon parameters have been investigated of the studied samples. In addition, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and stable isotope (δ¹³C and δ¹⁵N) investigations were also carried out. Organic matter rich rocks which have type III kerogen have got 25.80 and 44.00 wt.% TOC content. Hydrogen index (HI, 73 and 120 …

On The Genesis Of Aluminum-Rich Speleothems In A Granite Cave Of Nw Spain, Jorge Sanjurjo-Sanchez, Carlos Arce Chamorro, Juan Ramón Vidal Romaní, Marcos Vaqueiro-Rodríguez, Victor Barrientos, Joeri Kaal

International Journal of Speleology

Granite massifs often contain caves, with dimensions ranging from a few meters up to 1,000 m, also referred to as pseudokarst. The speleothems in such caves are mostly composed of either Si-rich (commonly opal-A) or Al-rich authigenic mineraloids. Whereas the formation and geochemical composition of opal-A biospeleothems have been studied and are fairly well understood, knowledge on the Al-rich analogues is scarce. This work reports for the first time a study on the composition, accretion process, age and growth rate of an Al-rich speleothem type flowstone from the A Trapa Cave System (Galicia, NW Spain), developed in a granite cave. …

Rare Earth Element Contents, Geochemistry Of Soil Samples Between Burdur And Isparta Region And Assessment Of Their Origin, Ebru Tat, Mustafa Gürhan Yalçin

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

This study was carried out in 5 locations between Burdur and Isparta in the inner southern part of Isparta Bend. The study aims to determine the rare earth element (REE) concentrations in the soil samples collected from the field and to interpret the origin of the high concentrations detected. In this context, a total of 104 samples were collected from Canakli Village (19 samples), Cobanisa Village (34 samples), Kuyubasi Village (17 samples), Kuzca Village (17 samples), and Yilanli Village (17 samples) in the study field. The average ∑REE (La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, …

Geochemical Characteristics Of The Eocene Karataş Volcanics (Northeast Sivas, Turkey) In The İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan Suture Zone, Oktay Canbaz, Ahmet Gökce, Taner Eki̇ci̇, Hüseyin Yilmaz

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

Karataş volcanics, is the product of Eocene volcanics crop out in the form of two belts along the northern and southern boundaries of the İzmir-Ankara-Erzincan Suture Zone. According to geochemical data, these volcanics have alkaline basic-intermediate character and consist of basaltic trachyandesite, trachyandesite and trachyte. This volcanic activity has been controlled by fractional crystallization and crustal contamination from basaltic trachyandesite to trachyte. Orientation of the samples towards amphibole area on the Rb/Sr - Ba/Rb ratio diagrams, dispersion of the Zr/Ba ratios (0.08 - 0.33) in the lithospheric mantle range, increase in the Ba/Rb ratio, decreases in the MgO, Ni and …

Geochemical Features And Petrogenesis Of Gökçeada Volcanism, Çanakkale, Nw Turkey, Pınar Şen, Ramazan Sari, Erdal Şen, Cahit Dönmez, Serkan Özkümüş, Şahset Küçükefe

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

Gökçeada Island, which is situated west of Biga Peninsula, has widespread magmatism with variable ages. Lower-Middle Eocene Dağiçitepe volcanics are the oldest volcanic unit in the island and consist of lavas, tuff-tuffites. They are influenced by alteration and almost all minerals, except quartz, are transformed into other minerals. Lower Oligocene Gökçeada andesitic lava/ domes exhibiting hypocrystalline porphyric texture, are the products of NE-SW trending domes/ cryptodomes. The phenocrysts assemblages consist of plagioclase, hornblende, clinopyroxene ± biotite and quartz. Middle Miocene Eşelek volcanics, which occur as lavas and pyroclastic rocks, exhibit hypocrystalline porphyric and intersertal textures. They are composed of plagioclase, …

Active Growth Of Non-Hydrothermal Subaqueous And Subaerial Barite (Baso4) Speleothems In Lechuguilla Cave (New Mexico, Usa), Max Wisshak, Hazel A. Barton, Katey E. Bender, Harvey R. Duchene

International Journal of Speleology

Barite (BaSO₄) speleothems have been reported from caves around the globe and interpreted to have chiefly formed in phreatic, hypogene, hydrothermal settings. Here we report two contrasting types of barite speleothems (bluish tabular crystals in a shallow pool and actively dripping greenish stalactites), which today form at lower temperatures in the non-hydrothermal and vadose environment of Lechuguilla Cave, New Mexico, USA. Scanning electron microscopy analysis, along with energy- and wavelength-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS, WDS), as well as X-ray diffraction (XRD), characterize the habit and chemical composition as barite. Fractionation of the minor element calcium is related to growth …

Evidence Of Variable Climate And Resources During The Late Pleistocene And Holocene At Gona, Ethiopia, Marie White

Steeplechase: An ORCA Student Journal

The African Humid Period (AHP) spanned a period of approximately 15 to 5 thousand years ago (ka) and resulted in Northern and Eastern Africa being wetter than today. This climate change event impacted flora, fauna, and humans to an unknown extent. Much of the work on the AHP across Eastern Africa utilizes lacustrine and marine proxies rather than river-based (fluvial). Gona, located in the Afar region of Ethiopia, is known for its extensive archaeological and fossil records in fluvial deposits. However, the paleoenvironment of the AHP at Gona has not been investigated. This study uses stratigraphy, geochronology, and paleopedology to …

Genesis Of Iron And Manganese Sediments In Zoloushka Cave (Ukraine/Moldova) As Revealed By Δ13C Organic Carbon, Piotr Kotula, Viacheslav Andreychouk, Jacek Pawlyta, Leszek Marynowski, Izabela Jendrzejewska

International Journal of Speleology

Zoloushka Cave is one of the largest maze gypsum caves in the world. Mining of the gypsum bedrock and lowering of the water level due to the pumping of groundwater led to exposure of the cave passages to vadose conditions and changed the hydrochemistry of the karst water. As a result, large quantities of Fe and Mn hydroxides were deposited in the passages. It was found that at least two groups of various organisms were involved in depositing ferrous and manganese sediments. In order to establish the mechanism of deposition, we conducted chemical analyses of the sediments and isotopic analyses …

Identification Of Mined Areas That May Contribute To Water Quality Degradation At Hobet Coal Mine, West Virginia, Brian P. Murphy

IdeaFest: Interdisciplinary Journal of Creative Works and Research from Cal Poly Humboldt

No abstract provided.

Geochemistry And Tectonic Signifi Cance Of The Ophiolitic Rocks Of The Yarpuz-Kaypak (Amanoslar, Osmaniye) Area, Tamer Rizaoğlu, Utku Bağci, Osman Parlak

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

Yarpuz-Kaypak (Osmaniye) region, located in Amanos Mountains, contains harzburgitic tectonites and mafic cumulates. The tectonites are represented by serpantinized harzburgites, whereas the cumulates are characterized by gabbronorite and gabbro compositions. The crystallization order within the cumulates is clinopyroxene, orthopyroxene plagioclase and amphibole. The major element compositions of the tectonites and cumulate rocks are consistent with formation in an arc-related tectonic setting. Trace element concentrations of these rocks exhibit large ion litophile element enrichments. Both geochemical and petrographic evidence suggest that the tectonite and cumulate rocks from the Yarpuz-Kaypak (Osmaniye) region represent the remnants of an oceanic lithosphere that formed in …

Morphological And Mineralogical Evidence For Ancient Bat Presence In Cova Des Pas De Vallgornera (Llucmajor, Mallorca, Western Mediterranean), Antoni Merino, Joan J. Fornós, Antoni Mulet, Joaquín Ginés

International Journal of Speleology

Cova des Pas de Vallgornera is a unique karst cave located at the Llucmajor coastal platform that stands out not only because of its length, more than 78 km, but also for its particular morphological suite, richness and variety of speleothems and mineral infillings. Although the mineralogy of speleothems and minerals related to hypogene morphologies has been studied and described, the existence of minerals derived from guano deposits was still poorly investigated. The cave hosted bat colonies until the collapse of its natural entrances, circa 2.4 My ago, since then until its discovery in 1968, the cave remained sealed. These …

Evaluation Of Soil Geochemistry Data Of Canca Area (Gümüşhane, Turkey) By Means Of Inverse Distance Weighting (Idw) And Kriging Methods-Preliminary Findings, Alaaddin Vural

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The purpose of this study is to assess soil geochemical data of the Canca alteration area (Gümüşhane- Turkey) using statistical methods and investigate potential gold mineralizations of the area. With this purpose, 288 soil samples were collected and analyzed for gold and associated pathfinder elements. The concentrations ranged (Au and Hg: in μg/kg, others in mg/kg) between 0,68-19,20; 0,02-28,97; 2-314; 7-857; 2,1-394; 4-199,5; 0,59-49,29; 5-89; 0,04-37; 0,52-16,30; 1,25-91,9 for Au, Ag, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Sb, Bi, Mo, Sn and Hg respectively. According to Sperman’s rho correlation coefficients, although not very strong, correlation was observed between Cu and Au; Zn …

Geological, Mineralogical And Geochemical Properties Of The Dağbaşı Skarn Ores (Araklı-Trabzon, Ne Turkey), Yılmaz Demi̇r

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

The Dağbaşı skarns have developed as an exoskarn type along the nearest border of Upper Cretaceous Dağbaşı Granitoid and block- and lens-shaped limestones of Berdiga Formation. The early garnets are predominantly grossular type (And0–0.81Grs59.69–78.65Prs21.35–38.11), while pyroxenes have a composition between diopside and hedenbergite (Hed24.44–31.81Diy67.3–76.99Joh0.52–0.88). The late garnets are characterized by high andradite (And74.67–100Grs0–22.8Prs0–4.51), and late pyroxenes by increasing johannsenite content (Hed22.17–62.63Diy0–36.2Joh31.86–76.69). High andradite content of late garnets is similar to Cu–Fe-type skarns, whereas the higher johannsenite and Mn/Fe ratios of pyroxenes are similar to Zn-type skarns. Higher andraditic garnets indicate an oxidized-type skarn and association with the shallow emplacement of …

Geochemical Characteristics Of Sabalan Volcanic Rocks In Northwestern Iran, Reza Fahim Guilany, Ali Darvishzadeh, Seyed Jamal Sheikhzakariaee, Mansour Vosoughi Abedini

Bulletin of the Mineral Research and Exploration

Sabalan is a voluminous stratovolcano situated in the northwestern part of Alborz-Azerbaijan zone, 25km from Meshkinshahr. It is separated by tectonic faults from Sarab plain and Meshkinshahr. The composition of Sabalan volcanic rocks ranges from andesite, trachyandesite to dacite. The rocks have hypocrystalline porphyritic texture with a glassy matrix and microlite . Plagioclase, amphibole, pyroxene, biotite, and oxides are the main phenocryst phase of the rocks. Some plagioclases show disequilibrium textures (sieve texture and oscillatory zoning). The sieve texture and oscillatory zoning in the plagioclases may be indicative of magma mixing processes in the genesis of the Sabalan volcanic rocks. …