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Articles 1 - 30 of 43
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Evaluating Reclaimed Mines And Heavy Metal Soil Contamination, Torin A. Matthews
Evaluating Reclaimed Mines And Heavy Metal Soil Contamination, Torin A. Matthews
ATU Research Symposium
Arkansas has a rich history of lead and zinc mining. While there are still some active mines, many historical mines have been abandoned and/or reclaimed. Although most reclamation procedures result in the burial and containment of target minerals, accessory minerals and elements can be leached out of waste materials/tailings piles and include heavy metals (i.e., Pb, As, Cd). We aim to evaluate the soil and watershed of a few abandoned/reclaimed mines in Pope County, AR, for the presence of heavy metals/source minerals. Soil and stream sediment geochemistry will be conducted using a portable x-ray fluorescence analyzer. Field work and sampling …
The Phosphorus Puzzle: Why Metal Phosphites Could Be The Missing Piece, Eleanor Boyle, Thomas J. Leyden Iii
The Phosphorus Puzzle: Why Metal Phosphites Could Be The Missing Piece, Eleanor Boyle, Thomas J. Leyden Iii
Symposium of Student Scholars
It is well understood that phosphorylation of organic molecules is a keystone mechanism toward developing early cell function. However, the source of phosphorous in prebiotic chemistry is under debate. Phosphate minerals were abundant on the early Earth, but they are highly insoluble. In comparison, metal phosphites are significantly more soluble. While they may not have been preserved in the geological record, there are several plausible pathways for their formation under prebiotic conditions. We hypothesize that metal phosphites were a major source of phosphorus. To test our hypothesis, we synthesized and characterized metal phosphites, containing the most abundant cations on the …
A Pressure And Stress Study Of Reidite, Gillian G. Noonan
A Pressure And Stress Study Of Reidite, Gillian G. Noonan
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
Zircon is a mineral that can commonly be found in many rocks in the Earth’s crust and other planetary bodies. Meteorite impact sites have also been shown to contain zircon and its high-pressure polymorph, Reidite.
Geoarchaeology Of The 1926 Seeberger Excavation - Jackson County, Iowa, Nicolas Duffy, Chad Heinzel Ph.D., Faith Luce, William Green
Geoarchaeology Of The 1926 Seeberger Excavation - Jackson County, Iowa, Nicolas Duffy, Chad Heinzel Ph.D., Faith Luce, William Green
Summer Undergraduate Research Program (SURP) Symposium
In 1926, Paul Nesbitt discovered around 350 shards of clay pottery in Seeberger Cave, located 6 miles north of Maquoketa, Iowa. It is unknown if these artifacts were made in Iowa, or brought over from neighboring states. For this project, Dr. Heinzel, Faith Luce and I traveled to the area to collect samples of clay and stone. We got close to the cave, but didn’t have the equipment to cross the river at the time. The area we collected our samples from is about 600 meters away from the original site. The samples will be used to characterize the site, …
Revisiting The Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary In Western Kentucky, Usa, Jarred Asselta
Revisiting The Cretaceous-Paleogene Boundary In Western Kentucky, Usa, Jarred Asselta
Scholars Week
This study revisits a Cretaceous-Paleogene (K-Pg) sedimentary section in western Kentucky to determine the nature of this boundary and the depositional environments. Although previous pollen work identified the boundary over four decades ago, to our knowledge no work has been carried out at this important K-Pg boundary site. A combination of stratigraphy and sedimentology were used to characterize the section in detail. Bulk and oriented samples were collected for grain-size, geochemical, and petrographic analysis. We relocated the site and measured 1.5m of section that includes the K-Pg boundary. Four distinct units were identified and from base to top of section …
Developing A Bytownite Calibration Curve As A Lunar Analogue, Trevor W. Matterson
Developing A Bytownite Calibration Curve As A Lunar Analogue, Trevor W. Matterson
Undergraduate Student Research Internships Conference
Planetary analogue materials are useful to help interpret and predict planetary processes on other planetary bodies that we cannot observe directly. Lunar analogue materials include terrestrial rocks and minerals with compositions and textures like those on the moon. This project investigates the lunar analogue mineral bytownite to quantify shock effects on the moon using strain related mosaicity determined through micro x-ray diffraction (µXRD). Calibrating strain information as a function of shock pressure for these minerals will enable us to extract peak shock pressures (in GPa) from naturally shocked materials, such as lunar meteorites and Apollo samples, using µXRD
369— Comparison Of Wilkins Creek And Spring Creek Stream Chemistries, Victoria Taylor, Brooke Stickles
369— Comparison Of Wilkins Creek And Spring Creek Stream Chemistries, Victoria Taylor, Brooke Stickles
GREAT Day Posters
A stream's chemistry and health can be affected by seasonal fluctuations, environment and land usage. Wilkins Creek and Spring Creek are tributaries of Conesus Lake located in Livonia, New York. The two streams flow through varying terrain. Wilkins Creek flows predominantly through wetlands, residential and agricultural land. Spring Creek runs through the village of Livonia. The different environments may result in altered stream chemistries. An analysis of water chemistry was taken at different points in Wilkins Creek and Spring Creek before they converged. Alkalinity, chloride, oxygen, pH, conductivity, and water temperature were measured at each location. Samples were collected and …
200— Chemical Analysis Of Slag From Standish, Ny, Maria Leonard, Dori Farthing
200— Chemical Analysis Of Slag From Standish, Ny, Maria Leonard, Dori Farthing
GREAT Day Posters
From 1883 to 1907, magnetite was smelted in Standish, NY. During this time, a large amount of slag, a byproduct of smelting, was created. The slag is now in a pile that covers ~13 acres in the northeastern region of the Adirondacks. The slag at the site has been classified into 6 broad types based on their physical properties. Exemplars of select types were crushed and analyzed by X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). Both major elements and trace element data was collected for these samples. The XRF results indicate that all Standish slag is dominated by SiO2, CaO, and Fe2O3(t) regardless …
Geochemical Classification Of The East Central Minnesota Batholith, Simon Taylor
Geochemical Classification Of The East Central Minnesota Batholith, Simon Taylor
Ramaley Celebration
The East Central Minnesota Batholith (ECMB) is a series of granitic plutons exposed along the Sauk river valley near St. Cloud Minnesota. The currently accepted understanding of the processes that generated these plutons relies on the location and age of emplacement. The location of the ECMB is within a terrain that was accreted onto the North American continent during the Penokean orogeny between 1875 to 1835 Ma (Van Schmus, 1976). However the granites within the ECMB are younger than that having ages between 1772 Ma and 1783 Ma (Holm et al., 2005), similar to ages for the Yavapai orogeny occurring …
Geochemical Analyses Of Base Metals In Sediments And Stream Water Black Cypress Bayou, Marion County, Texas, Melanie L. Ertons
Geochemical Analyses Of Base Metals In Sediments And Stream Water Black Cypress Bayou, Marion County, Texas, Melanie L. Ertons
Undergraduate Research Conference
Black Cypress Bayou is a primary tributary of Caddo Lake watershed in eastern Texas. The watershed is underlain by Eocene-aged strata from the Wilcox and Claiborne groups, which represent transgressive/regressive shoreline fluctuations that deposited interbedded friable sandstones and mudstones. The Wilcox Group is of special interest because it contains lignite coal, which has a direct link to heavy metals in sediment and natural waters. Caddo Lake has been listed on the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality 303(d) list for impairment due to mercury in edible tissue since 1995 and Black Cypress Bayou has been listed for impaired waters due to …
A Terrestrial Reconstruction Of Gona, Ethiopia Before And During The African Humid Period, Marie N. White, Gary E. Stinchcomb
A Terrestrial Reconstruction Of Gona, Ethiopia Before And During The African Humid Period, Marie N. White, Gary E. Stinchcomb
Posters-at-the-Capitol
The African Humid Period (AHP) resulted in more humid conditions across Northern and Eastern Africa from 15 to 5 thousand years ago (ka). This wetter climate affected flora, fauna and the Homo sapiens living in East Africa. The lack of terrestrial paleoenvironmental reconstructions is a problem in East Africa, especially during the AHP, where most are done utilizing lacustrine or marine proxies. In the case of Gona, Ethiopia, terrestrial proxies are desired due to the rich archaeological and fossil concentrations that occur in the area. Paleosols provide more direct, localized reconstructions that provide context for these finds. This study utilizes …
Geochemical Analysis Of The Chinchín Formation In Southern Ecuador, Katherine Ludwig
Geochemical Analysis Of The Chinchín Formation In Southern Ecuador, Katherine Ludwig
Celebration of Learning
The subduction of the Nazca Plate under the South American Plate has led to the uplift of the majority of the Andes Mountains, but in Ecuador, the Nazca Plate subducts underneath the North Andes Plate, which then collides with the South American Plate. This tectonic setting has formed two parallel mountain chains as well as a complex series of basins between them. However, the formations that make up these basins are poorly understood. This study focuses on the Chinchín Formation, an ~3.5 km thick, volcanic formation that serves as the bedrock of the Quingeo Basin in southern Ecuador. This study …
Using X-Ray Fluorescence To Analyze Fire Impacted Soil And Vegetation Composition, Dylan Darter
Using X-Ray Fluorescence To Analyze Fire Impacted Soil And Vegetation Composition, Dylan Darter
Kansas State University Undergraduate Research Conference
In our lab, I am using an X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to measure the concentrations of metals in sediments from subalpine lakes. Our goal is to measure the biogeochemical consequences of wildfires over the last 2000 years. This study looks at the elemental composition of different lake cores, and vegetation samples from areas of the “Big Burn” fire of 1910. This fire burned across several states in the Rocky Mountain region. With our XRF data we are able to see how the fire impacted the soils and how long after the fire proper soil composition can occur. This study can be …
Living In The World Of Manmade Chemicals: Lessons Learned From The Migrations And Collapses Of Civilizations, Satish Myneni
Living In The World Of Manmade Chemicals: Lessons Learned From The Migrations And Collapses Of Civilizations, Satish Myneni
Sustainability Seminar Series
Many of the world’s natural surface and groundwater resources are getting contaminated with an increasing number of manmade chemicals, which include farm and household insecticides, industrial pollutants, and pharmaceuticals. As the sizes of potable water bodies are decreasing steeply, it is warranted that we find economic ways to preserve, and purify the available water resources. In this presentation, a discussion on two of the naturally occurring and most widespread contaminants in the world and their human exposure, how one of these contaminants contributed possibly to a collapse of a thriving ancient civilization and the lessons one can learn from these, …
Are The Oxygen Isotope Values Of The Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway Different From The Open Ocean?, Camille H. Dwyer, Corinne Myers, Viorel Atudorei
Are The Oxygen Isotope Values Of The Late Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway Different From The Open Ocean?, Camille H. Dwyer, Corinne Myers, Viorel Atudorei
Shared Knowledge Conference
The Western Interior Seaway (WIS) was a North American epicontinental sea that was connected to the open ocean through the passage of the northern Boreal Sea and the southern Tethys Sea from the early Albian (~113 million years ago) to the early Paleogene (~65 million years ago). The WIS began to recced and lost its connection to the southern Tethys Sea in the late Campanian (~72 million years ago). In the early Paleogene, the WIS dried up completely. The oxygen isotopic composition (δ18O) of benthic bivalves was measured from the upper Campanian and lower Maastrichtian (75 million years ago to …
Natural Trace Element Salinization Of The Jemez River, New Mexico By Geothermal Springs And Major Tributaries, Jon K. Golla, Laura J. Crossey, Abdul-Mehdi S. Ali, Karl E. Karlstrom
Natural Trace Element Salinization Of The Jemez River, New Mexico By Geothermal Springs And Major Tributaries, Jon K. Golla, Laura J. Crossey, Abdul-Mehdi S. Ali, Karl E. Karlstrom
Shared Knowledge Conference
The Jemez River (JR), a tributary of the Rio Grande, is in north-central New Mexico within the Jemez Mountains, which houses the active, high-temperature (≤ 300 oC), liquid-dominated Valles Caldera geothermal system (VC). This work focuses on the northern portion of the JR, spanning a reach from the East Fork JR to the town of San Ysidro. Previous decadal work during low-flow or baseflow conditions (~10-20 cfs) has identified and characterized significant major-solute contributions from two outflow expressions of the VC, Soda Dam Springs and Jemez Hot Springs, and two major tributaries, Rio San Antonio and Rio Guadalupe. There is …
Longitudinal Study Of Water Quality In Jennings Creek, Bowling Green, Kentucky: Urbanization Impacts On Karst Groundwater, Lea Mitchell, Jason S. Polk, Rachel Kaiser, Ethan Givan, Kegan Mcclanahan
Longitudinal Study Of Water Quality In Jennings Creek, Bowling Green, Kentucky: Urbanization Impacts On Karst Groundwater, Lea Mitchell, Jason S. Polk, Rachel Kaiser, Ethan Givan, Kegan Mcclanahan
Posters-at-the-Capitol
Karst groundwater systems, which occur in areas where caves, sinkholes, and underground rivers dominate the landscape, are vulnerable to pollution from surface contaminants. In urban areas, like Bowling Green, Kentucky, which is home to extensive caves and groundwater supplies, the immediate transport of heavy metals, organic waste, chemicals, and other pollutants from surface activities into groundwater poses a serious threat. This research project was done to examine the water quality of urban karst sites in Bowling Green, Kentucky at Jennings Creek, which is a local river primarily fed from springs; the water quality of Jennings Creek was never tested before …
Groundwater Contamination At Coal Ash Deposit Sites In Kentucky, Brandon Rose
Groundwater Contamination At Coal Ash Deposit Sites In Kentucky, Brandon Rose
Scholars Week
No abstract provided.
Theory On Thermodynamic Constraints To Biogeochemical And Metabolic Diversity, Jordan Okie, Everett Shock
Theory On Thermodynamic Constraints To Biogeochemical And Metabolic Diversity, Jordan Okie, Everett Shock
Annual Symposium on Biomathematics and Ecology Education and Research
No abstract provided.
Spectral Mixture Modeling Using Principle Component Analysis, Joseph S. Makarewicz, Heather D. Makarewicz
Spectral Mixture Modeling Using Principle Component Analysis, Joseph S. Makarewicz, Heather D. Makarewicz
Scholar Week 2016 - present
A method for modeling mixtures between two end-member spectra using principle component analysis and linear regression was presented. The presentation included results from three binary mixture data sets including orthopyroxene-clinopyroxene, kaolinite-montmorillonite, and nontronite-ferrihydrite.
Sedimentary Pyrite Morphology As An Environmental Indicator And Effects On Oxidation Rates: Northern Awash Valley, Ethiopia, Saira Hamid, David Davis, Daniel Deocampo Ph.D, Christopher Campisano, Andy Cohen
Sedimentary Pyrite Morphology As An Environmental Indicator And Effects On Oxidation Rates: Northern Awash Valley, Ethiopia, Saira Hamid, David Davis, Daniel Deocampo Ph.D, Christopher Campisano, Andy Cohen
Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference
No abstract provided.
The Petrology And Geochemistry Of The Independence Dike Swarm, Owen’S Valley, California, Sean B. O'Donnell
The Petrology And Geochemistry Of The Independence Dike Swarm, Owen’S Valley, California, Sean B. O'Donnell
The Research and Scholarship Symposium (2013-2019)
Petrologic studies are important because they provide insights into the conditions under which rocks form. The Late Jurassic Independence Dike Swarm is a series of vertical igneous dikes that crop out in eastern and southern California, and range from mafic to felsic in composition. In order to examine their petrology and geochemistry, surface samples were collected from four different dike outcrops within Owen’s Valley, CA. The samples were examined through thin-section analysis under a petrographic microscope, X-ray diffraction analysis, and X-ray fluorescence analysis. Mineral composition, mineral size, major, trace, and rare earth element concentrations were collected from these analyses. Results …
Reconstructing Paleoenvironmental Conditions From Hydrothermally Altered Lacustrine Sediments From Hspdp West Turkana-Kaitio Core Material Via Coupled Mineralogical And Geochemical Analysis, Mamta Sanam Chaudhary
Reconstructing Paleoenvironmental Conditions From Hydrothermally Altered Lacustrine Sediments From Hspdp West Turkana-Kaitio Core Material Via Coupled Mineralogical And Geochemical Analysis, Mamta Sanam Chaudhary
Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference
No abstract provided.
Evidence For Shallow Saltwater Intrusion: Wormsloe State Historic Site, Chatham County, Georgia, Chelsea E. Bush, Lori A. Farley, Tim J. Herold
Evidence For Shallow Saltwater Intrusion: Wormsloe State Historic Site, Chatham County, Georgia, Chelsea E. Bush, Lori A. Farley, Tim J. Herold
Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference
No abstract provided.
A Mineralogical And Geochemical Analysis Of Bed I In Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, David Michael Davis, Sanam M. Chaudhary, Alex M. Simpson, Daniel M. Deocampo, Nathan M. Rabideaux, Gail Ashley, Kevin Garrett
A Mineralogical And Geochemical Analysis Of Bed I In Olduvai Gorge, Tanzania, David Michael Davis, Sanam M. Chaudhary, Alex M. Simpson, Daniel M. Deocampo, Nathan M. Rabideaux, Gail Ashley, Kevin Garrett
Georgia State Undergraduate Research Conference
No abstract provided.
Hydrochemical Characteristics And Formation Mechanism Of Groundwater In The Liulin Karst System, Min Yang, Feng'e Zhang, Sheng Zhang, Miying Yin, Guoqing Wu
Hydrochemical Characteristics And Formation Mechanism Of Groundwater In The Liulin Karst System, Min Yang, Feng'e Zhang, Sheng Zhang, Miying Yin, Guoqing Wu
Sinkhole Conference 2015
The Liulin karst system is typical of hydrogeological systems in northwestern China, with a group of springs as the dominant mechanism for regional groundwater discharge. To reveal the hydrochemical formation mechanism of the Liulin karst groundwater system, we studied the hydrogeochemical processes of karst groundwater in aquifers at the base of the hydrogeological investigation. Then starting from the chemical composition of karst groundwater together with the recharge-runoff - discharge process of groundwater systems, we analyzed the solutes origin and the dissolved mineral facies of the groundwater chemical composition. The results showed that the anionic and cationic compositions of karst water …
Determination Of The Relationship Of Nitrate To Discharge And Flow Systems In North Florida Springs, Sam B. Upchurch
Determination Of The Relationship Of Nitrate To Discharge And Flow Systems In North Florida Springs, Sam B. Upchurch
Sinkhole Conference 2015
The Suwannee River Water Management District has collected quarterly discharge and water quality data from 30 1st and 2nd magnitude springs in the Suwannee River Basin since 1998. These data were collected quarterly well into the late 2000s and constitute a valuable database for characterizing spring discharge behavior. Trend and correlation analyses were used to compare the relationships of NO3- + NO2- (nitrate in this paper), specific conductance, and spring discharge. Trends were considered significant if alpha levels of the trend slopes were ≤ 0.05. Data from 50% of the springs show that nitrate concentrations increase as discharge from the …
Using Nitrate, Chloride, Sodium, And Sulfate To Calculate Groundwater Age, Kimm Crawford, Terry Lee
Using Nitrate, Chloride, Sodium, And Sulfate To Calculate Groundwater Age, Kimm Crawford, Terry Lee
Sinkhole Conference 2015
Regression analysis is used to identify monotonic trends to assign water age using ion data from two large well water databases from southeast Minnesota (SE MN). Nitrate (NO3-N), chloride (Cl), sodium (Na), and sulfate (SO4) ions in the commonly used aquifers in SE MN can be used as groundwater tracers since they are either entirely or partly anthropogenic in their sources, their loading occurs on a regional scale, and they are almost entirely conserved. Ion concentrations over time are used to establish six trend patterns. Two patterns are unchanging (background and stable above background), and four are changing (linear up, …
Hydrologic And Geochemical Dynamics Of Vadose Zone Recharge In A Mantled Karst Aquifer: Results Of Monitoring Drip Waters In Mystery Cave, Minnesota, Daniel H. Doctor, E. Calvin Alexander Jr., Roy Jameson, Scott C. Alexander
Hydrologic And Geochemical Dynamics Of Vadose Zone Recharge In A Mantled Karst Aquifer: Results Of Monitoring Drip Waters In Mystery Cave, Minnesota, Daniel H. Doctor, E. Calvin Alexander Jr., Roy Jameson, Scott C. Alexander
Sinkhole Conference 2015
Caves provide direct access to flows through the vadose zone that recharge karst aquifers. Although many recent studies have documented the highly dynamic processes associated with vadose zone flows in karst settings, few have been conducted in mantled karst settings, such as that of southeastern Minnesota. Here we present some results of a long-term program of cave drip monitoring conducted within Mystery Cave, Minnesota. In this study, two perennial ceiling drip sites were monitored between 1997 and 2001. The sites were located about 90 m (300 ft) apart along the same cave passage approximately 18 m (60 ft) below the …
Tracer Studies Conducted Nearly Two Decades Apart Elucidate Groundwater Movement Through A Karst Aquifer In The Frederick Valley Of Maryland, Keith A. White, Michael K. Cobb, Thomas Aley, Ethan Weikel
Tracer Studies Conducted Nearly Two Decades Apart Elucidate Groundwater Movement Through A Karst Aquifer In The Frederick Valley Of Maryland, Keith A. White, Michael K. Cobb, Thomas Aley, Ethan Weikel
Sinkhole Conference 2015
A pair of groundwater tracer studies at a single karst test site were completed 18 years apart. The results of these studies have provided evidence of both relatively rapid advective transport via conduits and an extreme capacity for dye storage and retardation. The tracer results, coupled with other subsurface investigation data, are used to develop a conceptual model for groundwater movement through this karst aquifer in the Frederick Valley of Maryland, as well as identify implications for remediation. Three fluorescent tracer dyes used in the initial study were detected in several background monitoring locations established for the second study conducted …