Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Analytical Chemistry Of Plastic Debris: Sampling, Methods, And Instrumentation, Robert C. Hale, Meredith E. Seeley, Ashley E. King, Lehuan H. Yu

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Approaches for the collection and analysis of plastic debris in environmental matrices are rapidly evolving. Such plastics span a continuum of sizes, encompassing large (macro-), medium (micro-, typically defined as particles between 1 μm and 5 mm), and smaller (nano-) plastics. All are of environmental relevance. Particle sizes are dynamic. Large plastics may fragment over time, while smaller particles may agglomerate in the field. The diverse morphologies (fragment, fiber, sphere) and chemical compositions of microplastics further complicate their characterization. Fibers are of growing interest and present particular analytical challenges due to their narrow profiles. Compositional classes of emerging concern include …

Shrinking Suburbs In A Time Of Crisis, Justin B. Hollander, Colin Polsky, Dan Zinder, Daniel M. Runfola

Arts & Sciences Book Chapters

The Routledge Companion to the Suburbs provides one of the most comprehensive examinations available to date of the suburbs around the world. International in scope and interdisciplinary in nature, this volume will serve as the definitive reference for scholars and students of the suburbs.

This volume brings together the leading scholars of the suburbs researching in different parts of the world to better understand how and why suburbs and their communities grow, decline, and regenerate. The volume sets out four goals: 1) to provide a synthesis and critical appraisal of the historical and current state of understanding about the development …

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 30, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

A Look Back at Tidal Shoreline Management

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 29, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

No abstract provided.

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 28, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

No abstract provided.

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 27, No. 2, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

Tidal Marsh Inventories

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 27, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

Sea Level Rise - State of the Science

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 26, No. 2, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

Comprehensive Coastal Resource Management Plans

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 26, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

No abstract provided.

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 25, No. 2, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

CCRM Living Shorelines Website Update

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 25, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

Coastal Management Decision Tools

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 24, No. 2, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

Current Issues in Coastal Resources

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 24, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

VIMS Advisory 2009/Shifting Sands: Beaches and Dunes

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 23, No. 2, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

No abstract provided.

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 23, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

On the road with CCRM

Six Fish And 600,000 Thirsty Folks—A Fishing Moratorium On American Shad Thwarts A Controversial Municipal Reservoir Project In Virginia, Usa, J. E. Olney, Donna M. Bilkovic, Carl Hershner, Lyle M. Varnell, Harry V. Wang, Roger L. Mann

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Moratoria on fishing directly impact fishers, distributors and marketers of product and can have serious socio-economic implications. Moratoria can impact communities but usually populations closely linked to the banned activity. In an unprecedented example, a moratorium on fishing in Virginia has directly impacted a nonfishing citizenry by thwarting plans for a public utility. In May 2003, a panel empowered to regulate marine resources denied permission to withdraw raw water from a pristine freshwater river, the Mattaponi. The controversial action spoiled a multi-million dollar plan to establish the King William Reservoir, a water source considered essential to future growth and development …

A Comparison Of Structural And Nonstructural Methods For Erosion Control And Providing Habitat In Virginia Salt Marshes, Karen A. Duhring

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Shoreline stabilization methods that emphasize the use of tidal marshes and riparian vegetation are encouraged as a baseline defense for tidal shoreline erosion in Virginia. The effectiveness of three of these methods in preventing erosion and providing habitat was evaluated, including marsh stabilization structures (marsh toe revetments and sills), planted tidal marshes, and bank grading. This evaluation includes results from a recent field survey of 36 tidal marsh stabilization structures, permitting records, and other monitoring data. Marsh structures effectively reduced erosion of fringing and embayed marshes but were not as effective for gradually disappearing spit marshes. Adverse impacts of restricted …

Overview Of Living Shoreline Design Options For Erosion Protection On Tidal Shorelines, Karen A. Duhring

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

The term “living shoreline” was recently associated with particular types of shoreline stabilization methods that emphasize the use of natural habitat features such as deeply rooted riparian vegetation, vegetated wetlands, and sand beaches. This overview of living shoreline design options for tidal tributaries describes six nonstructural and four “hybrid” or structural methods for erosion protection. Structures are included with living shoreline design options to make habitat restoration or creation possible without substantial impacts to tidal exchange or habitat functions. The use and effectiveness of other methods not included in this summary are still under investigation, such as oyster shell reefs …

Current Understanding Of The Effectiveness Of Nonstructural And Marsh Sill Approaches, Bhaskaran Subramanian, Gene Slear, Kevin M. Smith, Karen A. Duhring

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

A panel session at the Living Shorelines Summit in Williamsburg, Virginia was dedicated to the current understanding of the effectiveness of nonstructural erosion protection methods and marsh sills. Four panelists described their professional experience with either design and construction or monitoring of projects in tidal waters of Maryland and Virginia, including marsh edge stabilization (marsh toe revetments), marsh sills with sand fill, and planted marshes. Their collective experience revealed that planted tidal marshes and supporting structures can be effective alternatives to revetments and bulkheads. Site-specific engineering is required to ensure they provide functional ecological benefits, particularly in medium and high …

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 22, No. 2, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

The Big Picture: Managing Wetland from a Shoreline Perspective

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 22, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

Sea Level Rise & Other Coastal Hazards - Living on the Edge Tidal Wetlands and Sea Level Rise: Where’s the Marsh?

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 21, No. 2, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

Tools of the Tidal Shoreline Management Trade

Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 21, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science, Center For Coastal Resources Management

Virginia Wetlands Reports

Integrated Coastal & Shoreline Management Guidance

The Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 20, No. 2, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Virginia Wetlands Reports

• VMRC Adopts Wetland Mitigation/Compensation Policy Changes. Tom Barnard
• Recommendations for Implementing the Tidal Wetlands Mitigation-Compensation Policy

The Virginia Wetlands Report Vol. 20, No. 1, Virginia Institute Of Marine Science

Virginia Wetlands Reports

• Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris). Julie Bradshaw
• Tidal Wetlands Seminar Draws Crowd
• Annual Summary of Permitted Tidal Wetland Impacts - 2004. Karen Duhring
• Take a Wetland to Lunch…. Or Take your Lunch to a Wetland Pam Mason
• A Level I Protocol for Assessing Wetland Condition by Hydrologic Unit within the Coastal Plain. Kirk Havens

An Unprecedented Scientific Community Response To An Unprecedented Event: Tropical Storm Agnes And The Chesapeake Bay, M. P. Lynch

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

In June 1972, the remnants of Hurricane Agnes brought destructive floods to the watershed of the Chesapeake Bay basin. Unlike Hurricane Isabel, Agnes did not strike Chesapeake Bay directly, but deposited a record amount of rainfall on the watershed. The evening that the Agnes rainfall began in earnest coincided with a meeting of the Citizens Program for the Chesapeake Bay. The directors of the three largest Chesapeake Bay research institutions, Drs. Donald W. Pritchard, L. Eugene Cronin, and William J. Hargis Jr., were in attendance at this meeting. The potential magnitude of the Agnes rainfall was readily apparent at the …

Isabel's Silent Partners: Seasonal And Secular Sea Level Change, J. D. Boon

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Tidal conditions fail to explain a paradoxical similarity in water level extremes induced by Hurricane Isabel on 18 September 2003, and the 23 August 1933 storm of record at Hampton Roads, Virginia. Storm surge peaks occurred near astronomical high tide during both storms, but Isabel arrived during neap tides while tides during the 1933 storm were nearer to spring. In addition, Isabel produced a lesser storm surge, yet she yielded a storm tide, or high-water mark, roughly equal to that of the 1933 hurricane. The answer to the paradox lies in observed sea level—water level measured relative to the land—and …

What Has Been Learned About Storm Surge Dynamics From Hurricane Isabel Model Simulation?, Harry V. Wang, J. Cho, Jian Shen, Y. P. Wang

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

An unstructured grid hydrodynamic model was used to study storm surge in the Chesapeake Bay during Hurricane Isabel. The model-simulated, storm-induced water level compared reasonably well with the measured data collected around the Bay. Calibrated water level was extracted from the model to further analyze the dynamics of the surge as it formed and propagated along the mainstem Chesapeake. Based on time-series analysis, formation of the surge due to the pumping of coastal waters (hereafter called the primary surge) into the Chesapeake was first identified at the Bay mouth with a peak height of 1.5 m above mean sea level …

Physical Response Of The York River Estuary To Hurricane Isabel, L. H. Brasseur, A. C. Trembanis, J. M. Brubaker, Carl T. Friedrichs

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

After making landfall on the North Carolina coast on the morning of 18 September 2003, Category 2 Hurricane Isabel tracked northward parallel to and slightly west of the Chesapeake Bay. At Gloucester Point, near the mouth of the York River estuary, strong onshore winds with speeds in excess of 20 m⋅s-1 persisted for over 12 hours and peak winds reached over 40 m⋅s-1, causing a sustained up-estuary wind stress. Storm surge exceeded 2 m throughout most of the lower Chesapeake Bay. A 600 kHz acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP), deployed at a depth of 8.5 m off Gloucester Point, provided …

Effects Of Hurricanes On Atlantic Croaker (Micropogonias Undulatus) Recruitment To Chesapeake Bay, M. M. Montane, H. M. Austin

VIMS Books and Book Chapters

Few studies have focused on the effects of climatic perturbations, such as hurricanes, on finfish recruitment and behavior. The Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS) Trawl Survey has sampled continuously throughout the Virginia portion of Chesapeake Bay for 50 years. While hurricanes have impacted Chesapeake Bay during this time, three periods of hurricane activity— September and November 1985 (hurricanes Gloria and Juan), September 1989 (Hurricane Hugo), and September 2003 (Hurricane Isabel)—coincided with the largest spikes in juvenile recruitment of Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) for half a century. The fall (October–December) croaker young-of-year indices for 1985, 1989, and 2003 were seven, …