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Earth Sciences

2003

Theses/Dissertations

LSU Master's Theses

Articles 1 - 6 of 6

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Correlation Of Core Characteristics To Outcrop Upper Jackfork Group Turbidites, Degray Lake, Arkansas, Daniel James Golob Jan 2003

Correlation Of Core Characteristics To Outcrop Upper Jackfork Group Turbidites, Degray Lake, Arkansas, Daniel James Golob

LSU Master's Theses

Pennsylvanian age Jackfork Group cores from the DeGray Lake Dam and outcrop from the east wall of the DeGray Lake Spillway, Arkansas, provide an opportunity for a detailed study on the transport and depositional characteristics of a fine-grained, deep-water depositional system. Two phases of resedimentation processes are responsible for deposition of the sediments in the cores and the outcrop. Primary resedimentation processes transport terrigenous sediments from the shelf or basin edge into the middle fan environment, while secondary resedimentation alter the sediments after they are initially deposited in the environment. Debris flows, slurry flows, and high and low density turbidity …

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Middle Miocene Grounding Events On The Ross Sea Outer Continental Shelf, Antarctica, Juan Manuel Chow Jan 2003

Middle Miocene Grounding Events On The Ross Sea Outer Continental Shelf, Antarctica, Juan Manuel Chow

LSU Master's Theses

The middle Miocene δ18O enrichments from deep-sea data and eustatic sea level falls are traditionally attributed to expansion of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Interpretations of such data have led many to conclude that the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) was not well-developed until the late Miocene. In such a scenario, middle Miocene glaciation on the Ross Sea shelf would have had to be minimal, perhaps in the form of ice caps, to be consistent with proxy data. New seismic-stratigraphic analysis of the Ross Sea outer continental shelf suggests that at least five grounding events (ice sheet advances …

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Detrital Tourmaline As An Indicator Of Provenance: A Chemical And Sedimentological Study Of Modern Sands From The Black Hills, South Dakota, David Brent Viator Jan 2003

Detrital Tourmaline As An Indicator Of Provenance: A Chemical And Sedimentological Study Of Modern Sands From The Black Hills, South Dakota, David Brent Viator

LSU Master's Theses

Detrital tourmaline has proven useful as a provenance indicator mineral of ancient sedimentary/metasedimentary units due to its presence in many rock types, chemical responsiveness to environments of formation, complex and variable chemical compositions, high resistance to chemical and mechanical weathering, and stability through diagenesis and metamorphism. This study further establishes detrital tourmaline as a provenance indicator mineral by examining the chemical and sedimentological relationships between modern detrital tourmalines in the sediments of the Black Hills, South Dakota, USA, and in situ tourmalines from southern Black Hills’ tourmaline-bearing metasedimentary rocks, granites, and rare-element enriched pegmatites. Results show that detrital tourmaline is …

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An Investigation Of A Salt-Dome Environment At South Timbalier 54, Gulf Of Mexico, Robert E. Little, Jr Jan 2003

An Investigation Of A Salt-Dome Environment At South Timbalier 54, Gulf Of Mexico, Robert E. Little, Jr

LSU Master's Theses

Salt domes have been studied in the Gulf Coast region to look at how, why, and where saline waters are located within these field areas. Fluid flow model and pathway studies can be helpful to the research of saline water migration because it can be correlated to hydrocarbon migration in petroleum exploration. The South Timbalier 54 field occurs over a salt dome that sits at approximately 3,048 meters beneath the seafloor. Two major faults were found originating from the salt dome up into the shallow section of the field. The sands were deposited in fluvial, deltaic, or marine environments. The …

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Compositional Systematics Of Deep, Low Salinity Formation Waters In The Upper Wilcox Of Southeastern Texas, Kathleen (Kt) Moran Jan 2003

Compositional Systematics Of Deep, Low Salinity Formation Waters In The Upper Wilcox Of Southeastern Texas, Kathleen (Kt) Moran

LSU Master's Theses

Overpressured Eocene Wilcox sandstones in the Newton County, Texas Sabine Tram field contain water with salinities ranging from 14 to 28 g/L. The solutes appear to fall loosely into three groups. Na, Ca, and Mg follow systematics previously known globally for saline formation waters whereby their concentrations are controlled by fluid-mineral equilibrium. Cl, Br, I, and B are conservatively diluted constituents of some saline endmember that is not solely connate marine. Potassium does not follow any known basinal systematic, and the formation water is supersaturated with respect to SiO2 by an order of magnitude. Meteoric water is not a probable …

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Low Salinity Waters In Deep Sedimentary Basins, David Scott Szalkowski Jan 2003

Low Salinity Waters In Deep Sedimentary Basins, David Scott Szalkowski

LSU Master's Theses

While the composition and origin of brines in deep sedimentary basins has been extensively discussed, the composition and origin of low salinity waters is not as well documented. Since the 1960s, the presence of deep, low-salinity waters has been observed in some sedimentary basins and is commonly present in overpressured sections. The episodic release of low salinity, overpressured fluids upward into sediments containing high salinity formation waters likely occurs at <100-year intervals. Because there is a growing body of evidence that suggests mixing formation waters of varying salinity could induce the dissolution and precipitation of minerals, it is important to have detailed information about chemical compositions of both end-member fluids to adequately predict such mixing results. This study concludes that low salinity waters (<35 g/l) are generally not unique in major solute composition when compared to high salinity waters (>35 g/l). On log-log plots, monovalent cations plot along 1:1 slopes with respect to salinity and total anionic charge, while divalent cations plot along 2:1 slopes. However, this study concludes …

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