Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

A Unit Of Information-Based Content Adaptation Method For Improving Web Content Accessibility In The Mobile Internet, Stephen Yang, Jia Zhang, Rick Chen, Norman Shao

Jia Zhang

No abstract provided.

The Social Implications Of Enjoyment Of Different Types Of Music, Movies, And Television Programming, Alice Hall

Alice Hall

Editing Tips For The Busy Attorney, Ariana R. Levinson

Ariana R. Levinson

No abstract provided.

Assigning Trust To Wikipedia Content, B. Thomas Adler, Jason Benterou, Krishnendu Chatterjee, Luca De Alfaro, Ian Pye, Vishwa Raman

Luca de Alfaro

he Wikipedia is a collaborative encyclopedia: anyone can contribute to its articles simply by clicking on an ``edit'' button. The open nature of the Wikipedia has been key to its success, but has also created a challenge: how can readers form an informed opinion on its reliability? We propose a system that computes quantitative values of trust for the text in Wikipedia articles; these trust values provide an indication of text reliability.

The system uses as input the revision history of each article, as well as information about the reputation of the contributing authors, as provided by a reputation system. …

From Dataveillance To Überveillance (Uberveillance) And The Realpolitik Of The Transparent Society, K. Michael, M. G. Michael

M. G. Michael

The 2007 Workshop on the Social Implications of National Security: from Dataveillance to Überveillance and the Realpolitik of the Transparent Society was organised by the Research Network for a Secure Australia (RNSA) funded by the Australian Research Council. The Workshop will become a biennial event bringing together both researchers and practitioners in the fields relating to the national research priority entitled Safeguarding Australia. In 2007, the workshop was held on the 29th October, at the Function Centre at the University of Wollongong between 8.30 am and 5.00 pm.

The Workshop was organised by RNSA members from the IP Location-Based Services …

Electric Power: Cyber And Electromagnetic Security Issues, George H. Baker

George H Baker

Electric power is essential to the functioning of U.S. society. The electric power system increasingly operates at or near its reliability limits. The geographic scale of the tightly coupled networks involved makes the system susceptible to large-scale outages. More frequent natural and accidental failures portend possible catastrophes from intentional disruption. Deregulation has been a major factor to the lack of investment in system upgrades. Techniques to prevent attacks and reduce vulnerabilities are available and affordable.

"Conversational" Dialogues In Direct-Manipulation Interfaces, David G. Novick

David G. Novick

This paper reports ongoing research in extending direct-manipulation interfaces by incorporating, via the direct-manipulation modality itself, interaction techniques that add kinds of language features associated with spoken conversation. The paper proposes means of implementing ways for a user of a direct-manipulation system to define new kinds of relations among objects in the interface.

Users And Uses Of Synchronous Business Communications Software, David G. Novick, Eleanor Wynn

David G. Novick

To help designers and authors understand users' intentions and work practices for synchronous business communications in a systematic way, we used ethnographic and task-analytic techniques to collect, analyze and classify evidence of the activities of potential users as they conducted their work lives. The interactions we observed among our users took place through a variety of modalities. We found eight categories of tasks for the collaborative or interactive work in which our subjects engaged. Based on these data, we were able to classify roles of potential users of synchronous business communications software into a set of "archetypes" that characterize their …

Hands-Free Documentation, Karen Ward, David G. Novick

David G. Novick

In this paper, we introduce an analysis of the requirements and design choices for hands-free documentation. Hands-busy tasks such as cooking or car repair may require substantial interruption of the task: moving the pan off the burner and wiping hands, or crawling out from underneath the car. We review the need for hands-free documentation and explore the role of task in the use of documentation. Our central analysis examines the roles and characteristics of input and output modalities of hands-free documentation. In particular, we review the use of speech as an input modality, and then visual means and speech as …

An Interaction Initiative Model For Documentation, David G. Novick, Karen Ward

David G. Novick

In this paper we propose a model of creation and use of documentation based on the concept of mixed-initiative interaction. In our model, successful single-initiative interaction is characterized by grounding of contributions, and successful mixed-initiative interaction is characterized by both grounding and agreement. Just as in spoken conversation, achievement of actual agreement depends on the intentions of both parties; agreement is achieved when the reader follows the documentation’s instructions. In fact, readers are not obligated to—and often do not—act according to the author’s intentions. By making these dynamics explicit, the model can aid authors in developing effective documentation. The paper …

Assessing Effectiveness Of Personality Style In Documentation, Kenneth Sayles, David G. Novick

David G. Novick

This paper extends previous work by other researchers that indicated that users of computers preferred a computer with a personality that was similar to theirs. We conducted a similar experiment, but looking beyond preference to see if the personality of documentation would make a difference in the user’s performance. Our data suggest did not indicate that personality match affects performance; and if such a relationship exists it is likely to be weak. We discuss the related research, describe our methodology, present our results, and describe their implications and limitations.

Optimal Design Of Integrally Gated Cnt Field-Emission Devices Using A Genetic Algorithm, P. Y. Chen, Chien Hsun Chen, J. S. Wu, H. C. Wen, W. P. Wang

Chien Hsun Chen

A method to optimize the focusing quality of integrally gated CNT field-emission (FE) devices by combining field-emission modeling and a computational intelligence technique, genetic algorithm (GA), is proposed and demonstrated. In this work, the e-beam shape, as a characteristic parameter of electron-optical properties, is calculated by field-emission simulation modeling. Using a design tool that combines GA and physical modeling, a set of structural and electrical parameters for four FE device groups, including double-gate, triple-gate, quadruple-gate and quintuple-gate type, were optimized. The resultant FE devices exhibit satisfactory e-beam focusabilities and the extracted parameters with the best performance for each type of …

Creating Database-Backed Library Web Pages Using Open Source Tools (Review), Frank J. Bove

Frank J. Bove

No abstract provided.

Clustering-Based High Trend Identification In Dataset, Dr. Muhammad Zubair Asghar, Dr. Auranzeb Khan, Fazal Masud Kundi, Nafees Ur Rehman

Dr. Muhammad Zubair Asghar

Clustering data into meaningful groups has a vast scope of research in several fields, like: statistics, information theory, machine learning, databases, and bioinformatics. This paper presents the modified form of K-means clustering algorithm called T-means. This algorithm creates, sorted clusters and labels as "high trend" and "low trend". Then M cases are selected from the high trend cluster (HTC) to construct the final HTC. The algorithm was tested on real univariate data of student's marks. Experimental results show that T-means can be efficiently used to construct the sorted cluster of significant cases in data set. T-means will help to identify …

A Content-Driven Reputation System For The Wikipedia, B. Thomas Adler, Luca De Alfaro

Luca de Alfaro

We present a content-driven reputation system for Wikipedia authors. In our system, authors gain reputation when the edits they perform to Wikipedia articles are preserved by subsequent authors, and they lose reputation when their edits are rolled back or undone in short order. Thus, author reputation is computed solely on the basis of content evolution; user-to-user comments or ratings are not used. The author reputation we compute could be used to flag new contributions from low-reputation authors, or it could be used to allow only authors with high reputation to contribute to controversial or critical pages. A reputation system for …

Fast Global Kernel Density Mode Seeking: Applications To Localization And Tracking, Chunhua Shen, Michael Brooks, Anton Van Den Hengel

Chunhua Shen

Tracking objects in video using the mean shift (MS) technique has been the subject of considerable attention. In this work, we aim to remedy one of its shortcomings. MS, like other gradient ascent optimization methods, is designed to find local modes. In many situations, however, we seek the global mode of a density function. The standard MS tracker assumes that the initialization point falls within the basin of attraction of the desired mode. When tracking objects in video this assumption may not hold, particularly when the target's displacement between successive frames is large. In this case, the local and global …

Designing Resource-Bounded Reasoners Using Bayesian Networks: System Health Monitoring And Diagnosis, Ole J. Mengshoel

Ole J Mengshoel

In this work we are concerned with the conceptual design of large-scale diagnostic and health management systems that use Bayesian networks. While they are potentially powerful, improperly designed Bayesian networks can result in too high memory requirements or too long inference times, to they point where they may not be acceptable for real-time diagnosis and health management in resource-bounded systems such as NASA’s aerospace vehicles. We investigate the clique tree clustering approach to Bayesian network inference, where increasing the size and connectivity of a Bayesian network typically also increases clique tree size. This paper combines techniques for analytically characterizing clique …

Volitional Control Of Attention And Brain Activation In Dual Task Performance, Sharlene Newman, Timothy Keller, Marcel Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Inhibitory Control In High Functioning Autism: Decreased Activation And Underconnectivity In Inhibition Networks, Rajesh Kana, Timothy Keller, Nancy Minshew, Marcel Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Service Level Agreement-Based Qos Analysis For Web Services Discovery And Composition, Stephen Yang, Jia Zhang, Blue Lan

Jia Zhang

No abstract provided.

A Petri Net-Based Specification Model Towards Verifiable Services Computing, Jia Zhang, Carl K. Chang, Seong W. Kim

Jia Zhang

The emerging paradigm of Web services opens a new way of engineering enterprise Web applications via rapidly developing and deploying Web applications, by composing independently published Web service components to conduct new business transactions. However, how to formally validate and reason about the properties of an enterprise system composed of Web service components remains a challenge. This chapter introduces an advanced topic of enterprise service computing – formal verification and validation of enterprise Web services. The authors introduce a Web Services Net (WS-Net), which is an executable architectural description language incorporating the semantics of Colored Petri Nets with the style …

Brain Activation During Sentence Comprehension Among Good And Poor Readers, Ann Meyler, Timothy A. Keller, Vladimir L. Cherkassky, Donghoon Lee, Fumiko Hoeft, Susan Whitfield-Gabrieli, John D. E. Gabrieli, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Content-Based Image Retrieval For Pulmonary Computed Tomography Nodule Images, Michael O. Lam, Tim Disney, Mailan Pham, Daniela Raicu, Jacob Furst, Ruchaneewan Susomboon

Michael O Lam

No abstract provided.

Toward A Service-Oriented Development Through A Case Study, Jia Zhang, Carl C.K. Chang, Liang-Jie Zhang, Patrick C.K. Hung

Jia Zhang

No abstract provided.

Community-Based Link Prediction With Text, David Mimno, Hanna M. Wallach, Andrew Mccallum

Hanna M. Wallach

There has been much recent interest in generative models for graphs. The intuition behind the study of such link prediction functions is that they provide a succinct description of the process by which networks grow and evolve: a model that accurately predicts small-scale actions such as coauthorships should help us understand the global properties of the network. Previous work in social network analysis, such as Liben-Nowell and Kleinberg [5], has often focused on generative models that take into account only the graph structure of the network, without making any use of the individual properties of the nodes themselves. Frequently, however, …

Ubiquitous Provision Of Context-Aware Web Services, Stephen J.H. Yang, Jia Zhang, Irene Y.L. Chen

Jia Zhang

No abstract provided.

Individual Differences In Sentence Comprehension: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Investigation Of Syntactic And Lexical Processing Demands, Chantel S. Prat, Timothy A. Keller, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Brisc - An Open Source Pulmonary Nodule Image Retrieval Framework, Michael O. Lam, Tim Disney, Daniela S. Raicu, Jacob Furst, Davis S. Channin

Michael O Lam

No abstract provided.

The Organization Of Thinking: What Functional Brain Imaging Reveals About The Neuroarchitecture Of Complex Cognition, Marcel Adam Just, Sashank Varma

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.

Lexical Ambiguity In Sentence Comprehension, Robert A. Mason, Marcel Adam Just

Marcel Adam Just

No abstract provided.