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Articles 1 - 15 of 15
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Nickel Catalyzed Cyclizations Of Alkynyl-Etones And Their Application To The Formal Synthesis Of Pentalenic Acid, Kevin Schlosser
Nickel Catalyzed Cyclizations Of Alkynyl-Etones And Their Application To The Formal Synthesis Of Pentalenic Acid, Kevin Schlosser
Honors Theses
Pentalenic acid is a very important molecule because it is a biosynthetic intermediate of pentalenolactone, which has antibiotic effects on Grampositive/ negative bacteria and pathogenic fungi. These effects are due to its ability to inhibit glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase.1 However, the total synthesis of pentalenic acid is very lengthy.2 This project will begin the process of finding a more convenient route to pentalenic acid. Previously in this laboratory there have been experiments conducted in the cyclization of enones with nickel (0)3 It is hypothesized that this method can be used to shorten the preparation of pentalenic acid. As illustrated by the …
Flash Photochemical Kinetics Of Chromium Carbonyls, Jason David Katz
Flash Photochemical Kinetics Of Chromium Carbonyls, Jason David Katz
Honors Theses
Chromium hexacarbonyl, Cr(C0)6, has been shown to be a very effective photochemical catalyst for many reactions, such as the 1,4- hydrogenation and 1,4-hydrosilatlon of conjugated 1,3-dienes resulting in the formation of a cis alkene product in greater than a 99% percent yield. The catalytic power of Cr(CO)6 has merited its study by many investigators, mostly with regard to the structure of the catalytic intermediates, rather than the actual kinetics of individual steps in the mechanism. The goal of this study is to construct a database of both rate and mechanistic information on the reactions of Cr(CO)6 with various alkenes and …
Determination Of Conditions For Oye In Which There Is No Ion Present In The Active Site, Melissa J. Morris
Determination Of Conditions For Oye In Which There Is No Ion Present In The Active Site, Melissa J. Morris
Honors Theses
Old Yellow Enzyme (OYE) has been the subject of extensive research since the early 1930's. However, the structure of OYE was not determined until 1994, and its physiological function still remains a mystery. Investigations into the function of OYE involve uncovering the details of protein-substrate interactions through the use of x-ray crystallography. OYE is known to oxidize NADPH, but attempts to crystallize the OYE-NADPH bound complex have been hampered by the presence of chloride in the active site of OYE. This competition prevents an accurate assessment of the structure of OYE bound to NADPH. This study will examine the possibility …
Inclusion Processes Of Cyclodextrins And Their Polymers: A Molecular Modeling Study, Stacey L. Fellows
Inclusion Processes Of Cyclodextrins And Their Polymers: A Molecular Modeling Study, Stacey L. Fellows
Honors Theses
Cyclodextrins (COs) and cyclodextrin polymers (CDPs) are molecules capable ot creating host/guest complexes, where a host molecule allows another molecule, a guest, to bind to it without either molecule losing its molecular identity. CDs are hydrophilic t,, 11, contain a unique hydrophobic cavity that can attract organic guest molecules. CDP is a derivative of CD and consist of two or more CD units connected by chains of glyceryl linkages (-CHrCHOH-CH2-O-). CDPs are typically more hydrophilic- than the CD monomers making them more useful for applications. However, behavior of the CDP is not as well-cinderstood as that of the monomer. Computer …
Introduction Of The Gas Chromatograph Into The Introductory Chemistry Laboratory, Jonathan Calvert Wedvik
Introduction Of The Gas Chromatograph Into The Introductory Chemistry Laboratory, Jonathan Calvert Wedvik
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Synthesis And Characterization Of Β-Cyclodextrin Polymers, Jodie L. Iannacone
Synthesis And Characterization Of Β-Cyclodextrin Polymers, Jodie L. Iannacone
Honors Theses
Cyclodextrin polymers (CDPs) are water Joluble polymers composed of either a, fl, or y cyclodextrin (CDl monomers. TI,ese commercially available polymers are synthesized ming epichlorohydrin and consist of CD monomers joined by repeating glycer;l linkers (-(CH2-CHOH-CH2-ln) with an average n value of 12-15. GPC analysis of these polymers indicate two major component peaks that have molecular weights (MW) of 2,000 (one CD/ polymer chain) and 9-10,000 (4-5 CDs/polymer chain). These polymers have been used to study the binding interactions of various fluorescence probes. It has been shown that the pyrene fluorescence lifetime increases and its emission I/III ratio decreases in …
Design And Application Of A Compact, Multipurpose, Laser-Based Spectrometer, Andrew M. Leach
Design And Application Of A Compact, Multipurpose, Laser-Based Spectrometer, Andrew M. Leach
Honors Theses
A compact laser-based spectrometer has been designed and characterized. This design of this instrument gives it the ability to collect absorbance, fluorescence, and scattering signals simultaneously. A diode laser is used as the excitation for this instrument. Several optical arrangements have been tested in order to allow for the best possible signal collection. Electronics have been designed and constructed in order to facilitate the simultaneous collection of signals. This instrument has been characterized using several dyes and scattering agents. Fluorescence limits of detection for Methylene Blue and Nile Blue A have been calculated at 2 ppb. The spectrometer has been …
Flow Injection Analysis With A Laser-Based Detector For On-Line Determination Of Sulfide, Glucose, And Ethanol, Manisha Tinani
Flow Injection Analysis With A Laser-Based Detector For On-Line Determination Of Sulfide, Glucose, And Ethanol, Manisha Tinani
Honors Theses
In this research a flow injection (FI) apparatus with a laser-based detector is characterized using three chemical systems and the results are compared to those obtained by other researchers using conventional instrumentation. Each chemical system involves Methylene Blue (MR), a common redox indicator. A 670-nm diode laser is used as the excitation source, and the resulting fluorescence is measured. In the first system, MB is formed as a product of the reaction of N,N-dimethylphenylenediamine (DMPD), iron (lll) and sulfide in the presence of acid. A three-line FI manifold is employed. The amount of sulfide in water samples, including a complicated …
The Crystallization Of Estrogen-Binding Protein, Jeffrey R. Weinstein
The Crystallization Of Estrogen-Binding Protein, Jeffrey R. Weinstein
Honors Theses
Candida albicans is a yeast that is known to target humans with weakened immune systems. The growth rate and invasiveness of C. albicans is stimulated in the presence of estrogens. Experimental evidence suggests that the estrogen-binding protein (EBP) from C. albicans may be involved in the estrogen-induced increase in growth rate. In order to investigate the possible involvement of EBP in this process, work is underway to determine the atomic structures of EBP alone and bound to estrogen. Protein crystals of EBP have been grown at 4°C in the presence and absence of estrogen using vapor diffusion techniques from a …
Methods And Methodologies For Organic Synthesis, Frank Favaloro
Methods And Methodologies For Organic Synthesis, Frank Favaloro
Honors Theses
Methods and methodologies for organic synthesis
The Effects Of Free Fatty Acids And Tocopherol On Membrane Order And Antioxidant Activity, Gina Michelle Pineda
The Effects Of Free Fatty Acids And Tocopherol On Membrane Order And Antioxidant Activity, Gina Michelle Pineda
Honors Theses
No abstract provided.
Remote Marine Aerosol In The Gulf Of Maine: An Sem Study, Eric S. Gordon
Remote Marine Aerosol In The Gulf Of Maine: An Sem Study, Eric S. Gordon
Honors Theses
Eight aerosol samples were collected from a height of 34 meters atop Petit Manan Light located 16 miles East of Bar Harbor, Maine between July 25, 1995 and August 1, 1995. Both coarse and fine fractions were collected on 8.0 and 0.2 micron polycarbonate membrane filters, respectively. The sampling station consisted of a sampling box as well as a weather station (with various instruments) to record weather data for help in the analysis. The samples were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. Cluster analysis was perforned on the particles, grouping particles together with similar chemical …
Determination Of Wavelength Dependent Quantum Yields For Iron (Iii) Photoreduction In Well Defined Chloride Media, J. Catherine Kneece
Determination Of Wavelength Dependent Quantum Yields For Iron (Iii) Photoreduction In Well Defined Chloride Media, J. Catherine Kneece
Honors Theses
The quantum yields for iron (lII) photoreduction in sodium chloride and sodium perchlorate media were measured as a function of wavelength. The experiments were conducted using natural levels of total iron, less than 300 nM. The results indicate that three species are photochemically active in these media, Fe(OH)+2, FeCl2+and FeCl2+. The quantum yields for (OH)+2 are 0.22 at 300 run and 0.076 at 340 nm. The quantum yields for FeCl+ are 0.048 at 300 run and 0.038 at 340 nm. The quantum yields for FeCl2+ are 0.088 at 300 nm and 0.051 at 340 nm. The data presented suggests that …
Alternatives To Nitroprusside As Hypotensive Agents, Timothy Casey Mccullough
Alternatives To Nitroprusside As Hypotensive Agents, Timothy Casey Mccullough
Honors Theses
The drug sodium pentacyanonitrosylferrate(2-)dihydrate, more commonly known as nitroprusside or nipride (Fig. 1), is a common vasodilating agent given clinically to patients with hypertension.12.22 Nitroprusside is effective in emergency rooms as it quickly reduces high blood pressure, but dosages are limited because of fear that cyanide could be released also. Nitroprusside is effective because the vasodilating agent nitric oxide, NO, is released. Nitric oxide is also recognized as an important biochemical messenger molecule.22 Our research involves a search for different species that could introduce nitric oxide into the body without cyanide. Transition metal complexes involving ruthenium, iron, and cobalt that …
A Computational And Experimental Investigation Of The Pinacol Coupling And Rearrangement Reactions, Ryan Sullivan
A Computational And Experimental Investigation Of The Pinacol Coupling And Rearrangement Reactions, Ryan Sullivan
Honors Theses
This project was developed from previous reports concerned with the pinacol coupling and rearrangement methodologies. It is hoped that the results and conclusions of this study may provide someone in the future a chance to gain a more complete view of this material. Analysis of the pinacol coupling reaction shows that the yields of the pinacol products are not statistical for the asymmetric cycloalkanone systems. Also, the yields of the 5-7 and 6-7 systems plotted versus ab initio gas phase calculations of HOMG-LUMO gaps showed r values at or near 1.00. This correlation is excellent and offers an example of …