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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Mechanisms And Impact Of Hypoxia Regulated Inhibins In Cancer, Ben Allen Horst
Mechanisms And Impact Of Hypoxia Regulated Inhibins In Cancer, Ben Allen Horst
Theses and Dissertations
Inhibins are heterodimeric ligands within the TGFβ superfamily, comprised of an α-subunit (INHA) and a β-subunit (either INHBA or INHBB) with emergent roles in cancer. Inhibins are biomarkers of disease burden and prognosis in a subset of cancers and utilize the coreceptors betaglycan (TGFBR3) and endoglin (ENG) for physiological or pathological outcomes. Previously, we found inhibin promotes angiogenesis in ovarian cancer however no mechanism of regulation for inhibin expression in cancer has been established. Hypoxia, a driver of tumor growth and metastasis, regulates angiogenic pathways that are targets for vessel normalization and ovarian cancer management. …
Development Of A Liquid Biopsy: Using A Synthetic Lectin Array For The Detection Of Cancer, Mary Grace Hollenbeck
Development Of A Liquid Biopsy: Using A Synthetic Lectin Array For The Detection Of Cancer, Mary Grace Hollenbeck
Theses and Dissertations
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide with 9.6 million deaths in 2019. It is well known that early detection of cancer often leads to a better prognosis. However, due to drawbacks associated with current cancer screens (i.e. invasiveness, high false positive and negative rates) new or updated early detection methods are needed. Chapter one overviews current breast, colon, and prostate detection methods and the drawbacks associated with them. Additionally, this chapter presents an alternative detection method that utilizes an array of boronic acid functionalized synthetic lectins. We describe the development and progression of this array and show …
Elucidating The Mechanism Of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (Bmp) -Mediated Sox2 Downregulation In Ovarian Cancer, Zainab Motolani Shonibare
Elucidating The Mechanism Of Bone Morphogenetic Protein (Bmp) -Mediated Sox2 Downregulation In Ovarian Cancer, Zainab Motolani Shonibare
Theses and Dissertations
Sex determining region Y-box 2 (Sox2) is a transcription factor essential for maintaining self-renewal and pluripotency of undifferentiated embryonic stem cells. Sox2 is involved in multiple processes of cancer cells, however, regulation of Sox2 expression and the consequences of that regulation in cancer remains elusive. Previously, we demonstrated that BMP9/GDF2 is significantly reduced in expression in ovarian cancer (OVCA) cells, methylated in patient tumors and, promoted anoikis resistance in both breast and OVCA cell lines. In an attempt to identify genes downstream of BMP9 that may provide anoikis resistance, transcriptomics was performed leading to the identification of Sox2, a developmental …
Dually Modified Transmembrane Proteoglycan Tβriii/Betaglycan In Cell Signaling And Cancer, Laura M. Jenkins
Dually Modified Transmembrane Proteoglycan Tβriii/Betaglycan In Cell Signaling And Cancer, Laura M. Jenkins
Theses and Dissertations
During tumor progression, cancer cells undergo a number of alterations to evade tumor inhibitory mechanisms, proliferate, invade surrounding tissues and metastasize to distant sites. These properties reflect changes in their cell signaling pathways that, in normal cells, control aberrant cell proliferation, motility, and survival. Over the past few decades, hyperactive Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been linked to the formation of multiple cancers, including malignant ovarian cancer, making identification of molecules regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling crucial to the development of early detection methods and cancer treatment strategies. Proteoglycans, which regulate transmission of cellular signals, are implicated in the pathophysiology of diseases, including cancer, …
Cdk8 And Cdk19 As Novel Regulators Of Bmp4 Induced Emt In Cancer, Anne Elizabeth Serrao
Cdk8 And Cdk19 As Novel Regulators Of Bmp4 Induced Emt In Cancer, Anne Elizabeth Serrao
Theses and Dissertations
Bone morphogenetic protein 2/4 (BMP2/4), members of the transforming growth factor β (Tgf-β) superfamily, play a dichotomous role in the progression of cancers through cell growth suppression and the enhancement of tumorigenesis in a variety of cancers. Cyclin dependent kinase 8 (CDK8), a protein kinase that regulates gene transcription, is involved in a variety of cancers including breast and pancreatic cancers as well as in mediating BMP2 signaling via its canonical Smad1 pathway. Our studies show that BMP4 induced EMT signals primarily though Smad1 and that Yap1, a transcriptional co-activator, is necessary for BMP4 induced EMT. Using a highly specific …