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Articles 1 - 12 of 12
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Assessing Microbial Residues In Soil As A Potential Carbon Sink And Moderator Of Carbon Use Efficiency, Kevin M. Geyer, Jorg Schnecker, A. Stuart Grandy, Andreas Richter, Serita D. Frey
Assessing Microbial Residues In Soil As A Potential Carbon Sink And Moderator Of Carbon Use Efficiency, Kevin M. Geyer, Jorg Schnecker, A. Stuart Grandy, Andreas Richter, Serita D. Frey
Faculty Publications
A longstanding assumption of glucose tracing experiments is that all glucose is microbially utilized during short incubations of ≤2 days to become microbial biomass or carbon dioxide. Carbon use efficiency (CUE) estimates have consequently ignored the formation of residues (non-living microbial products) although such materials could represent an important sink of glucose that is prone to stabilization as soil organic matter. We examined the dynamics of microbial residue formation from a short tracer experiment with frequent samplings over 72 h, and conducted a meta-analysis of previously published glucose tracing studies to assess the generality of these experimental results. Both our …
The Transition From Stochastic To Deterministic Bacterial Community Assembly During Permafrost Thaw Succession, Stacey J. Doherty, Robyn A. Barbato, A. Stuart Grandy, W. Kelley Thomas, Sylvain Monteux, Ellen Dorrepaal, Margareta Johansson, Jessica G. Ernakovich
The Transition From Stochastic To Deterministic Bacterial Community Assembly During Permafrost Thaw Succession, Stacey J. Doherty, Robyn A. Barbato, A. Stuart Grandy, W. Kelley Thomas, Sylvain Monteux, Ellen Dorrepaal, Margareta Johansson, Jessica G. Ernakovich
Faculty Publications
The Northern high latitudes are warming twice as fast as the global average, and permafrost has become vulnerable to thaw. Changes to the environment during thaw leads to shifts in microbial communities and their associated functions, such as greenhouse gas emissions. Understanding the ecological processes that structure the identity and abundance (i.e., assembly) of pre- and post-thaw communities may improve predictions of the functional outcomes of permafrost thaw. We characterized microbial community assembly during permafrost thaw using in situ observations and a laboratory incubation of soils from the Storflaket Mire in Abisko, Sweden, where permafrost thaw has occurred over the …
Fungal Community Structure And Function Shifts With Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition, Jessica A. M. Moore, Mark A. Anthony, Gregory J. Pec, Lidia K. Trocha, Artur Trzebny, Kevin M. Geyer, Linda T. A. Van Diepen, Serita D. Frey
Fungal Community Structure And Function Shifts With Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition, Jessica A. M. Moore, Mark A. Anthony, Gregory J. Pec, Lidia K. Trocha, Artur Trzebny, Kevin M. Geyer, Linda T. A. Van Diepen, Serita D. Frey
Faculty Publications
Fungal decomposition of soil organic matter depends on soil nitrogen (N) availability. This ecosystem process is being jeopardized by changes in N inputs that have resulted from a tripling of atmospheric N deposition in the last century. Soil fungi are impacted by atmospheric N deposition due to higher N availability, as soils are acidified, or as micronutrients become increasingly limiting. Fungal communities that persist with chronic N deposition may be enriched with traits that enable them to tolerate environmental stress, which may trade-off with traits enabling organic matter decomposition. We hypothesized that fungal communities would respond to N deposition by …
Plant Invasion Impacts On Fungal Community Structure And Function Depend On Soil Warming And Nitrogen Enrichment, Mark A. Anthony, K. A. Stinson, Jessica A. M. Moore, Serita D. Frey
Plant Invasion Impacts On Fungal Community Structure And Function Depend On Soil Warming And Nitrogen Enrichment, Mark A. Anthony, K. A. Stinson, Jessica A. M. Moore, Serita D. Frey
Faculty Publications
The impacts of invasive species on biodiversity may be mitigated or exacerbated by abiotic environmental changes. Invasive plants can restructure soil fungal communities with important implications for native biodiversity and nutrient cycling, yet fungal responses to invasion may depend on numerous anthropogenic stressors. In this study, we experimentally invaded a long-term soil warming and simulated nitrogen deposition experiment with the widespread invasive plant Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) and tested the responses of soil fungal communities to invasion, abiotic factors, and their interaction. We focused on the phytotoxic garlic mustard because it suppresses native mycorrhizae across forests of North America. We …
Stoichiometrically Coupled Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling In The Microbial-Mineral Carbon Stabilization Model Version 1.0 (Mimics-Cn V1.0), Emily Kyker-Snowman, William R. Wieder, Serita D. Frey, A. Stuart Grandy
Stoichiometrically Coupled Carbon And Nitrogen Cycling In The Microbial-Mineral Carbon Stabilization Model Version 1.0 (Mimics-Cn V1.0), Emily Kyker-Snowman, William R. Wieder, Serita D. Frey, A. Stuart Grandy
Faculty Publications
Explicit consideration of microbial physiology in soil biogeochemical models that represent coupled carbon–nitrogen dynamics presents opportunities to deepen understanding of ecosystem responses to environmental change. The MIcrobial-MIneral Carbon Stabilization (MIMICS) model explicitly represents microbial physiology and physicochemical stabilization of soil carbon (C) on regional and global scales. Here we present a new version of MIMICS with coupled C and nitrogen (N) cycling through litter, microbial, and soil organic matter (SOM) pools. The model was parameterized and validated against C and N data from the Long-Term Inter-site Decomposition Experiment Team (LIDET; six litter types, 10 years of observations, and 13 sites …
Microbial Diversity Drives Carbon Use Efficiency In A Model Soil, Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta, Grace Pold, Xiao-Jun Allen Liu, Serita D. Frey, Jerry M. Melillo, Kristen M. Deangelis
Microbial Diversity Drives Carbon Use Efficiency In A Model Soil, Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta, Grace Pold, Xiao-Jun Allen Liu, Serita D. Frey, Jerry M. Melillo, Kristen M. Deangelis
Faculty Publications
Empirical evidence for the response of soil carbon cycling to the combined effects of warming, drought and diversity loss is scarce. Microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) plays a central role in regulating the flow of carbon through soil, yet how biotic and abiotic factors interact to drive it remains unclear. Here, we combine distinct community inocula (a biotic factor) with different temperature and moisture conditions (abiotic factors) to manipulate microbial diversity and community structure within a model soil. While community composition and diversity are the strongest predictors of CUE, abiotic factors modulated the relationship between diversity and CUE, with CUE …
Decomposability Of Soil Organic Matter Over Time: The Soil Incubation Database (Sidb, Version 1.0) And Guidance For Incubation Procedures, Christina Schadel, Jeffrey Beem-Miller, Mina Aziz Rad, Susan E. Crow, Caitlin E. Hicks Pries, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Alison M. Hoyt, Alain Plante, Shane Stoner, Claire C. Treat, Carlos A. Sierra
Decomposability Of Soil Organic Matter Over Time: The Soil Incubation Database (Sidb, Version 1.0) And Guidance For Incubation Procedures, Christina Schadel, Jeffrey Beem-Miller, Mina Aziz Rad, Susan E. Crow, Caitlin E. Hicks Pries, Jessica G. Ernakovich, Alison M. Hoyt, Alain Plante, Shane Stoner, Claire C. Treat, Carlos A. Sierra
Faculty Publications
The magnitude of carbon (C) loss to the atmosphere via microbial decomposition is a function of the amount of C stored in soils, the quality of the organic matter, and physical, chemical, and biological factors that comprise the environment for decomposition. The decomposability of C is commonly assessed by laboratory soil incubation studies that measure greenhouse gases mineralized from soils under controlled conditions. Here, we introduce the Soil Incubation Database (SIDb) version 1.0, a compilation of time series data from incubations, structured into a new, publicly available, open-access database of C flux (carbon dioxide, CO2, or methane, CH4). In addition, …
Heavy Metals In The Arctic: Distribution And Enrichment Of Five Metals In Alaskan Soils, Clarice R. Perryman, Jochen Wirsing, Kathryn A. Bennett, Owen Brennick, Apryl L. Perry, Nicole Williamson, Jessica G. Ernakovich
Heavy Metals In The Arctic: Distribution And Enrichment Of Five Metals In Alaskan Soils, Clarice R. Perryman, Jochen Wirsing, Kathryn A. Bennett, Owen Brennick, Apryl L. Perry, Nicole Williamson, Jessica G. Ernakovich
Faculty Publications
Metal contamination of food and water resources is a known public health issue in Arctic and sub-Arctic communities due to the proximity of many communities to mining and drilling sites. In addition, permafrost thaw may release heavy metals sequestered in previously frozen soils, potentially contaminating food and water resources by increasing the concentration of metals in freshwater, plants, and wildlife. Here we assess the enrichment of selected heavy metals in Alaskan soils by synthesizing publicly available data of soil metal concentrations. We analyzed data of soil concentrations of arsenic, chromium, mercury, nickel, and lead from over 1,000 samples available through …
Indolic Glucosinolate Pathway Provides Resistance To Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization In A Non-Host Brassicaceae, Mark A. Anthony, J. L. Celenza, A. Armstrong, Serita D. Frey
Indolic Glucosinolate Pathway Provides Resistance To Mycorrhizal Fungal Colonization In A Non-Host Brassicaceae, Mark A. Anthony, J. L. Celenza, A. Armstrong, Serita D. Frey
Faculty Publications
Most terrestrial plants form mycorrhizas, but a number of agricultural plants, including the Brassicaceae, are non-mycorrhizal. Brassicaceae can still be colonized by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), but species like Arabidopsis thaliana experience growth reductions following AMF colonization at similar magnitude to that of fungal pathogen infections and lack key genes necessary for nutrient exchange. Arabidopsis also produces specific secondary compounds via the modification of tryptophan, including indolic glucosinolates (IGs), which have anti-fungal properties and may therefore be involved in reducing AMF colonization. This study therefore addressed whether the ability to produce IGs facilitates resistance to AMF colonization and growth suppression. …
Ramped Thermal Analysis For Isolating Biologically Meaningful Soil Organic Matter Fractions With Distinct Residence Times, Jonathan Sanderman, A. Stuart Grandy
Ramped Thermal Analysis For Isolating Biologically Meaningful Soil Organic Matter Fractions With Distinct Residence Times, Jonathan Sanderman, A. Stuart Grandy
Faculty Publications
In this work, we assess whether or not ramped thermal oxidation coupled with determination of the radiocarbon content of the evolved CO2 can be used to isolate distinct thermal fractions of soil organic matter (SOM) along with direct information on the turnover rate of each thermal fraction. Using a 30-year time series of soil samples from a well-characterized agronomic trial, we found that the incorporation of the bomb spike in atmospheric 14CO2 into thermal fractions of increasing resistance to thermal decomposition could be successfully modeled. With increasing temperature, which is proportional to activation energy, the mean residence time of the …
Long-Term Evidence Shows That Crop-Rotation Diversification Increases Agricultural Resilience To Adverse Growing Conditions In North America, Timothy M. Bowles, Maria Mooshammer, Yvonne Socolar, Francisco Calderon, Michel A. Cavigelli, Steve W. Culman, William Deen, Craig F. Drury, Axel Garcia Y Garcia, Amelie C. M. Gaudin, W. Scott Harkcom, R. Michael Lehman, Shannon L. Osborne, G. Philip Robertson, Jonathan Salerno, Marty R. Schmer, Jeffrey Strock, A. Stuart Grandy
Long-Term Evidence Shows That Crop-Rotation Diversification Increases Agricultural Resilience To Adverse Growing Conditions In North America, Timothy M. Bowles, Maria Mooshammer, Yvonne Socolar, Francisco Calderon, Michel A. Cavigelli, Steve W. Culman, William Deen, Craig F. Drury, Axel Garcia Y Garcia, Amelie C. M. Gaudin, W. Scott Harkcom, R. Michael Lehman, Shannon L. Osborne, G. Philip Robertson, Jonathan Salerno, Marty R. Schmer, Jeffrey Strock, A. Stuart Grandy
Faculty Publications
A grand challenge facing humanity is how to produce food for a growing population in the face of a changing climate and environmental degradation. Although empirical evidence remains sparse, management strategies that increase environmental sustainability, such as increasing agroecosystem diversity through crop rotations, may also increase resilience to weather extremes without sacrificing yields. We used multilevel regression analyses of long-term crop yield datasets across a continental precipitation gradient to assess how temporal crop diversification affects maize yields in intensively managed grain systems. More diverse rotations increased maize yields over time and across all growing conditions (28.1% on average), including in …
Carbon Use Efficiency And Its Temperature Sensitivity Covary In Soil Bacteria, Grace Pold, Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta, Eric W. Morrison, Serita D. Frey, Seeta A. Sistla, Kristen M. Deangelis
Carbon Use Efficiency And Its Temperature Sensitivity Covary In Soil Bacteria, Grace Pold, Luiz A. Domeignoz-Horta, Eric W. Morrison, Serita D. Frey, Seeta A. Sistla, Kristen M. Deangelis
Faculty Publications
The strategy that microbial decomposers take with respect to using substrate for growth versus maintenance is one essential biological determinant of the propensity of carbon to remain in soil. To quantify the environmental sensitivity of this key physiological trade-off, we characterized the carbon use efficiency (CUE) of 23 soil bacterial isolates across seven phyla at three temperatures and with up to four substrates. Temperature altered CUE in both an isolate-specific manner and a substrate-specific manner. We searched for genes correlated with the temperature sensitivity of CUE on glucose and deemed those functional genes which were similarly correlated with CUE on …