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Articles 1 - 9 of 9
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Chasing Transients: Constructing Local Galaxy Catalogs For Electromagnetic Follow-Up Of Gravitational Wave Events, Chaoran Zhang
Chasing Transients: Constructing Local Galaxy Catalogs For Electromagnetic Follow-Up Of Gravitational Wave Events, Chaoran Zhang
Theses and Dissertations
Gravitational waves (GWs) provide a new window for observing the universe which is not possible using traditional electromagnetic (EM) wave astronomy. The coalescence of compact object binaries, such as black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs) generates “loud" GW signals that are detectable by the LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA (LVK) GW Observa- tory. If the binary contains at least one NS, there is a possibility that an observable EM counterpart will be launched during and/or after the merger. The first joint detection of GW radiation (GW170817) and its EM counterpart (AT 2017gfo) greatly extended our understanding of the universe in many fields, such …
Investigating The O’Connell Effect In Kepler Eclipsing Binaries, Matthew Frederick Knote
Investigating The O’Connell Effect In Kepler Eclipsing Binaries, Matthew Frederick Knote
Theses and Dissertations
The O’Connell effect – the presence of unequal maxima in eclipsing binaries – remains an unsolved riddle in the study of close binary systems. The Kepler space telescope produced high precision photometry of nearly 3,000 eclipsing binary systems, providing a unique opportunity to study the O’Connell effect in a large sample and in greater detail than in previous studies. I have characterized the observational properties – including temperature, luminosity, and eclipse depth – of a set of 212 systems (7.3% of Kepler eclipsing binaries) that display a maxima flux difference of at least 1%, representing the largest sample of O’Connell …
Searching For Gravitational Wave Associations With High-Energy Astrophysical Transients, Brandon Joseph Piotrzkowski
Searching For Gravitational Wave Associations With High-Energy Astrophysical Transients, Brandon Joseph Piotrzkowski
Theses and Dissertations
Gravitational waves (GW) have become an invaluable tool in modern astronomy, especiallyin conjunction with other astronomical observations. GWs are created in highly dynamical systems such as compact binary coalescences (CBC) which are comprised of black holes and/or neutron stars. The Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO), Virgo Observatory, and KAGRA have now collectively identified almost a hundred of these events. GWs have also been predicted to come from core collapse supernovae. Both of these types of systems have been shown to produce other detectable transients, such as gamma- ray bursts (GRB) and neutrino bursts. Observations of the same astrophysical system …
Data-Driven Population Inference From Gravitational-Wave Sources And Electromagnetic Counterparts, Siddharth Mohite
Data-Driven Population Inference From Gravitational-Wave Sources And Electromagnetic Counterparts, Siddharth Mohite
Theses and Dissertations
Gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy has presented an unprecedented way to view the universe and study populations of astrophysical objects such as merging compact binaries containing black holes (BHs) and neutron stars (NSs). With the latest catalog of observations detected by the Advanced LIGO-Virgo detector network, recent analyses are placing interesting constraints on the population of BHs and NSs in these binaries. In particular, we are learning a great deal about how these binaries are distributed as a function of their masses. Another aspect of GW astronomy that has the potential to provide insights into fundamental physics is the multi-messenger follow up …
Infrared Search For N-Butane And Trans-2-Butene In Titan’S Atmosphere, Brendan Steffens
Infrared Search For N-Butane And Trans-2-Butene In Titan’S Atmosphere, Brendan Steffens
Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation constitutes a study of the possible presence of trace hydrocarbons, namely n-butane (n-C4H10) and trans-2-butene (trans-2-C4H8) in Titan’s atmosphere. These molecules, both of which bear specific connections of interest to Titan’s astrobiological potential, are predicted by photochemical models to occur at detectable abundances within Titan’s atmosphere. In spite of this, neither has been detected to date, by any means. For this work, both of these molecules were characterized in the laboratory by obtaining a comprehensive set of highresolution, infrared cross section measurements at cold temperatures appropriate for Titan. In the case of n-butane, a pseudoline list (i.e. an …
Analysis Of Comet Rotation Through Modeling Of Features In The Coma, Ien Harris
Analysis Of Comet Rotation Through Modeling Of Features In The Coma, Ien Harris
Theses and Dissertations
An integral field unit fiber array spectrograph was used to observe the emission spectra of radical species (C2, C3, CH, CN, and NH2) in multiple comets. The resultant azimuthal and radial division maps produced from the reduced data provide a unique method of analyzing features with these radicals in the comae, as well as how they behave over time. A Monte Carlo model was developed in order to simulate the behavior of particles from the outer nucleus and coma of each comet depending on various parameters including rotational period, outflow velocity, and active area location. The results from the model …
The Development Of A New All-In-One Allsky Camera And Radiometer System, Ashley Suzanne Hughes
The Development Of A New All-In-One Allsky Camera And Radiometer System, Ashley Suzanne Hughes
Theses and Dissertations
We developed a new all-in-one camera and radiometer system for meteor surveillance. It proved successful during its first bolide event on 13 April 2021, as reported in the journal Meteoritics and Planetary Science, volume 57, number 3, pages 575-587. The event capture produced both video and radiometric data, and with the video data we were able to calculate a trajectory and orbit, and determine the fragmentation characteristics of the meteor as it traveled through the atmosphere.
Extreme-Contrast Ratio Imaging Of Bright Star Fields Using Charge-Injection Devices, Sailee Mangesh Sawant
Extreme-Contrast Ratio Imaging Of Bright Star Fields Using Charge-Injection Devices, Sailee Mangesh Sawant
Theses and Dissertations
The intrinsic nature of many astronomical sources, such as exoplanets, binary and multiple star systems, circumstellar disks, and active galactic nuclei and their host galaxies, introduces challenging requirements for observational instrumentation and techniques. In each case, we encounter situations where the light from bright sources hampers our abilities to detect surrounding fainter targets. To explore and study all features of such extreme-contrast ratio (ECR) scenes, we must perform observations at the maximum possible contrast ratios. However, direct imaging of fainter objects in the vicinity of bright sources imposes limitations on the type of contrast ratios achievable using ground- and spacebased …
Simulating The Common Envelope Phase Using Moving-Mesh Hydrodynamics, Logan James Prust
Simulating The Common Envelope Phase Using Moving-Mesh Hydrodynamics, Logan James Prust
Theses and Dissertations
Common envelope evolution (CEE) is a phase in the evolution of a binary system where a giant star and a smaller companion share a gaseous envelope, and is responsible for the formation of many systems of astrophysical interest. Despite its importance, CEE is not well understood due to the diverse physics involved. Astronomers have roughly modeled CEE using conserved quantities such as energy, but progress has been limited by uncertainties in the contributions of various energy sources. Thus, 3-D numerical simulations must be brought to bear. Here two methodologies are commonly employed, each of which comes with its own set …