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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Investigating The Thermodynamics And Seismic Profile Of The Europan Hydrosphere Through Pure-Water Modeling And Saltwater Experiments, Samantha Rosenfeld
Investigating The Thermodynamics And Seismic Profile Of The Europan Hydrosphere Through Pure-Water Modeling And Saltwater Experiments, Samantha Rosenfeld
Honors Theses
We explore the properties of the hydrosphere on Europa involving both a modeling technique and experimental methods. We perform a computational analysis of the thermodynamic properties for an ideal, pure-water Europan ice shell using a Python programming framework called SeaFreeze. We create four models assuming surface temperatures of either 50 K or 140 K and ice shell thicknesses of either 3 km or 30 km. We observe mostly linear trends for the density and seismic wave velocities with respect to depth and find that surface temperature has the greatest effect on the models. Simultaneously, we experimentally investigate the phase diagram …
Statistical Effects Of Synthetic Template Mismatch With Model Deimos Observations, Christos Kakogiannis
Statistical Effects Of Synthetic Template Mismatch With Model Deimos Observations, Christos Kakogiannis
Honors Theses
High-precision kinematics of individual stars in Milky Way satellite galaxies and globular clusters is crucial for studies of galaxy formation, cosmology, alternative gravity models, and dark matter. We tested a rigorous method that matches model DEIMOS observations of such targets with synthetic template spectra that deduces radial velocities and [Fe/H] abundances. We added noise to create a model spectrum with SNR = 30, fitted templates with different parameters to it, and calculated the
best-match velocity and the goodness of the fit. The best fits occur for templates that are close in parameter space to the model spectrum, and the fits …
Modeling Pulsar Trajectories Through A Galatic Potential To Determine Birth Locations, Brent Shapiro-Albert
Modeling Pulsar Trajectories Through A Galatic Potential To Determine Birth Locations, Brent Shapiro-Albert
Honors Theses
Neutron stars are the remnants of massive stars after their deaths in supernova explosions. Some neutron stars, called pulsars, are detected as periodic emitters of radio waves at very precise intervals. Pulsars typically have higher velocities than their progenitor stellar population due to either kicks from supernova asymmetries or from remnant velocities of compact binaries after they are disrupted by explosions. Their velocities are large enough that pulsars will typically move large distances from their birth sites. By determining a pulsar's present day location and velocity, we project back to twice the pulsar's characteristic age to constrain the location of …
Constraining Cosmological Parameters Using The Correlation Function, Michael Warrener
Constraining Cosmological Parameters Using The Correlation Function, Michael Warrener
Honors Theses
As the European Space Agency prepares to launch the space telescope Euclid in 2020, we are interested in using its observations of galaxy clustering as a new geometry-based tool to constrain the cosmological parameters Ωm and ΩΛ. In this work, we use data simulated by Magneticum (a high-resolution cosmological structure simulation) to model the correlation functions of both galaxies and clusters at several redshifts. We fit analytic models to the simulated data centered at the baryon acoustic oscillation peak to extract both the matter density parameter Ωm and the dark energy density parameter ΩΛ: We find that the correct cosmology …
General Relativity And Differential Geometry, Harry Hausner
Star Formation In The Ngc 5846 Group Of Galaxies, Lucas Viani
Star Formation In The Ngc 5846 Group Of Galaxies, Lucas Viani
Honors Theses
Environmental interactions in groups and clusters of galaxies are thought to alter the evolution of member galaxies. The goal of this research was to analyze gas and star formation properties of galaxies in the NGC 5846 group. A sample of group galaxies was observed at CTIO (Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory in Chile) and KPNO (Kitt Peak National Observatory) using broadband red (R) and narrowband hydrogen emission line (Hα) filters. The images were reduced and analyzed to extract star formation rates and distributions. Neutral hydrogen data from the Arecibo Legacy Fast ALFA (ALFALFA) survey were used to measure the cold neutral …
Comparing Stellar Populations Of Galaxies Across The Hubble Sequence: Reduction Of Pisces Near-Infrared Images, Vaishali Parkash
Comparing Stellar Populations Of Galaxies Across The Hubble Sequence: Reduction Of Pisces Near-Infrared Images, Vaishali Parkash
Honors Theses
To better understand the properties of high redshift galaxies and improve models of galaxy formation, we are investigating color radial profiles to study the stellar age, dust and metallicity distribution of galaxies of varying lumi-nosities and morphological types. Current data obtained in the optical and UV have shown that early-type galaxies have a flat color profile, or are bluer at larger radii, while late-type spirals are redder with increasing radius. These trends are believed to be linked with stellar population ages or dust. To break the age-dust degeneracy as well as to avoid the metallicity dependence, we have obtained near-infrared …
A Study Of Rr Lyrae Stars In The Globular Cluster Ic 4499, Anna Paola Mikler
A Study Of Rr Lyrae Stars In The Globular Cluster Ic 4499, Anna Paola Mikler
Honors Theses
Observations of the globular cluster IC4499 were taken with the 1m telescope at Cerro Tololo and combined with archival data from multiple telescopes. These data were used to study the variable star population using CCD photometry, with observations in the U, B, V, R and I passbands. The period and the magnitudes have been measured for the RR Lyrae stars. We present light curves in all passbands for all 97 RR Lyrae stars. The magnitudes of the RR Lyrae stars are compared with those measured by Walker and Nemec (1996). The distribution of stars on the horizontal branch is compared …
The History And Mathematics Behind The Construction Of The Islamic Astrolabe, Lyda P. Urresta
The History And Mathematics Behind The Construction Of The Islamic Astrolabe, Lyda P. Urresta
Honors Theses
In this paper, we examine the mathematical methods employed in the construction of the astrolabe, an ancient measuring device used to solve problems in the field of astronomy. Essentially, the astrolabe is a two dimensional representation of the heavens obtained by projecting the celestial sphere onto the plane. Though several different types of astrolabes exist, our primary focus is on the most popular deisgn, which is created by the stereographic projection of the celestial sphere onto the plane defined by the equator with the south pole as the projection point.
R-Process Nucleosynthesis In Supernova Simulation, Lyda P. Urresta
R-Process Nucleosynthesis In Supernova Simulation, Lyda P. Urresta
Honors Theses
We examined a potential r-process site by modeling nucleosynthesis in a late-stage supernova explosion, considering different hydrodynamic conditions. After collecting the resultant abundances with respect to atomic and mass number, we decayed the isotopes in our data sample to stability. Then, we plotted the decayed and undecayed abundances with respect to their atomic number and mass number, and compared them to the abundances procured from solar and metal-poor halo star data. Both of these environments are known to house r-process elements, and an agreement between the observed abundance data and the abundance data from our simulation would support the theory …