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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Exotic Statistics For Strings In 4d Bf Theory, John C. Baez, Derek K. Wise, Alissa S. Crans Dec 2016

Exotic Statistics For Strings In 4d Bf Theory, John C. Baez, Derek K. Wise, Alissa S. Crans

Alissa Crans

After a review of exotic statistics for point particles in 3d BF theory, and especially 3d quantum gravity, we show that string-like defects in 4d BF theory obey exotic statistics governed by the 'loop braid group'. This group has a set of generators that switch two strings just as one would normally switch point particles, but also a set of generators that switch two strings by passing one through the other. The first set generates a copy of the symmetric group, while the second generates a copy of the braid group. Thanks to recent work of Xiao-Song Lin, we can …


Binary Central Stars Of Planetary Nebulae Discovered Through Photometric Variability. Iii. The Central Star Of Abell 65, Todd Hillwig, David J. Frew, Melissa Louie, Orsola De Marco, Sam Schaub Jul 2016

Binary Central Stars Of Planetary Nebulae Discovered Through Photometric Variability. Iii. The Central Star Of Abell 65, Todd Hillwig, David J. Frew, Melissa Louie, Orsola De Marco, Sam Schaub

Todd Hillwig

A growing number of close binary stars are being discovered among central stars of planetary nebulae. Recent and ongoing surveys are finding new systems and contributing to our knowledge of the evolution of close binary systems. The push to find more systems was largely based on early discoveries which suggested that 10%–15% of all central stars are close binaries. One goal of this series of papers is confirmation and classification of these systems as close binaries and determination of binary system parameters. Here we provide time-resolved multi-wavelength photometry of the central star of Abell 65 as well as further analysis …


En Route To Destruction: The Evolution In Composition Of Ices In Comet D/2012 S1 (Ison) Between 1.2 And 0.34 Au From The Sun As Revealed At Infrared Wavelengths, M. A. Disanti, B. P. Bonev, E. L. Gibb, L. Paganini, G. L. Villanueva, M. J. Mumma, J. V. Keane, G. A. Blake, N. Dello Russo, K. J. Meech, R. J. Vervack, A. J. Mckay Mar 2016

En Route To Destruction: The Evolution In Composition Of Ices In Comet D/2012 S1 (Ison) Between 1.2 And 0.34 Au From The Sun As Revealed At Infrared Wavelengths, M. A. Disanti, B. P. Bonev, E. L. Gibb, L. Paganini, G. L. Villanueva, M. J. Mumma, J. V. Keane, G. A. Blake, N. Dello Russo, K. J. Meech, R. J. Vervack, A. J. Mckay

Erika Gibb

We report production rates for H2O and eight trace molecules (CO, C2H6, CH4, CH3OH, NH3, H2CO, HCN, C2H2) in the dynamically new, Sun-grazing Comet C/2012 S1 (ISON), using high-resolution spectroscopy at Keck II and the NASA IRTF on 10 pre-perihelion dates encompassing heliocentric distances Rh = 1.21–0.34 AU. Measured water production rates spanned two orders of magnitude, consistent with a long-term heliocentric power law Q(H2O) ${\rm{\propto }}{R}_{{\rm{h}}}^{(-3.1\pm 0.1)}$. Abundance ratios for CO, C2H6, and CH4 with respect to H2O remained constant with Rh and below their corresponding mean values measured among a dominant sample of Oort Cloud comets. CH3OH was …