Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Academic Literature Review In Age Of Ai And Large Language Models​, Aaron Tay

Research Collection Library

Explore the evolving landscape of academic research with a focus on open data and AI advancements, particularly in natural language processing. Join us for a practical presentation on leveraging emerging tools for literature review. Discover platforms like Connected Papers, ResearchRabbit, and Litmaps, offering paper exploration and recommendations based on initial 'seed papers.' Dive into AI-enhanced search engines like Elicit, Scispace, Semantic Scholar, and Scite.ai, powered by Large Language Models such as BERT and GPT. Learn about the latest developments, strengths, and weaknesses of these tools, and how they reshape literature review methods, from tool selection to query input techniques.

Ai And Advocacy: Maximizing Potential, Minimizing Risk, Matthew Salzano, Nicholas Fung, Ada Lin, Sofia Marchetta, Faith Colombo, Kaylah Davis, John Flynn, Carlos Fuentes, Fion Li, Malar Paavi Muthukumaran, Angelica Paramoshin, Chrisanne Pearce, Vianney Ramos, Charles St. Hilaire, Xi Zheng, Wei Zhuang

School of Communication and Journalism Faculty Publications

New Generative AI tools are revolutionizing writing and communication. This report focuses on AI and advocacy, the act of influencing public policy and resource allocation decisions within political, economic, and social systems and institutions. This report identifies three major opportunities and accompanying risks, plus one strong recommendation for advocates considering using AI. We argue that AI can be useful for advocates, but they must be careful to center human judgment and avoid risks that could distract from their important work or even contribute to societal harms.

Immersive Japanese Language Learning Web Application Using Spaced Repetition, Active Recall, And An Artificial Intelligent Conversational Chat Agent Both In Voice And In Text, Marc Butler

MS in Computer Science Project Reports

In the last two decades various human language learning applications, spaced repetition software, online dictionaries, and artificial intelligent chat agents have been developed. However, there is no solution to cohesively combine these technologies into a comprehensive language learning application including skills such as speaking, typing, listening, and reading. Our contribution is to provide an immersive language learning web application to the end user which combines spaced repetition, a study technique used to review information at systematic intervals, and active recall, the process of purposely retrieving information from memory during a review session, with an artificial intelligent conversational chat agent both …

Artificial Intelligence Could Probably Write This Essay Better Than Me, Claire Martino

Augustana Center for the Study of Ethics Essay Contest

No abstract provided.

Superminds At Work: The Promise Of Human-Ai Collaboration, Thomas W. Malone

Asian Management Insights

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Center for Collective Intelligence Director Professor Thomas W. Malone’s scholarship offers deep insights into the promise afforded by the synergies between human intelligence and technology. According to Professor Malone, the boundaries between human intellect and technological prowess are becoming increasingly blurred, but this may not be a bad thing for humankind. In Asian Management Insights’ inaugural Pulse Point interview, we get to learn more about the concept of ‘collective intelligence’, which explores how a partnership between humans and Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be catalysed to make ground-breaking advancements in addressing the wicked problems of our …

Considering The Impact Framework To Understand The Ai-Well-Being-Complex From An Interdisciplinary Perspective, Christian Montag, Preslav Nakov, Raian Ali

Natural Language Processing Faculty Publications

Artificial intelligence (AI) is built into many products and has the potential to dramatically impact societies around the world. This short theoretical paper aims to provide a simple framework that might help us understand how the introduction and/or use of products with AI might influence the well-being of humans. It is proposed that considering the dynamic Interplay between variables stemming from Modality, Person, Area, Culture and Transparency categories will help to understand the influence of AI on well-being. The Modality category encompasses areas such as the degree of AI being interactive, informational versus actualizing, or autonomous. The Person variable contains …

Hello, Jarvis, Archan Misra

Asian Management Insights

How AI-enabled interactive agents will reshape our workforce of today and tomorrow.

Maximizing The Ai Revolution In Southeast Asia, Shoeb Kagda

Asian Management Insights

For that, the region must narrow the digital divide.

Navigating Through Chaos, Hoong Chuin Lau

Asian Management Insights

How AI and optimisation models can strengthen supply chain resilience.

Eyris: From The Lab To The Market, Steven Miller, David Gomulya, Mahima Rao-Kachroo

Asian Management Insights

Singapore’s trailblazer AI algorithm for detecting diabetes-related eye diseases. Can you imagine getting the results of your eye disease screening within minutes rather than days? This capability is what EyRIS, a Singapore-based start-up that uses the AI (Artificial Intelligence)-driven Singapore Eye LEsion Analyzer (SELENA+) algorithm to screen for diabetes-related eye diseases, set out to productise and commercialise.

Cybernetics: How It Compares To Science-Fiction And Future Possibilities, Anindo Majumder

CAFE Symposium 2024

Cybernetics is a branch of science that studies how information is communicated in machines and electronic equipment compared to how information is communicated in the brain and nervous system. It also relates to the theory of automatic control and physiology, particularly the physiology of the nervous system. Usage of cybernetics is very popular in various science-fiction medium. This naturally leads one to be curious if its depictions might turn into reality one day. This research paper delves into the growth of cybernetics since its inception, current applications of cybernetics, and what the future might hold.

Artificial Intelligence Model Predicts Sudden Cardiac Arrest Manifesting With Pulseless Electric Activity Versus Ventricular Fibrillation, Lauri Holmstrom, Bryan Bednarski, Harpriya Chugh, Habiba Aziz, Hoang Nhat Pham, Arayik Sargsyan, Audrey Uy-Evanado, Damini Dey, Angelo Salvucci, Jonathan Jui, Kyndaron Reinier, Piotr J Slomka, Sumeet S Chugh

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: There is no specific treatment for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) manifesting as pulseless electric activity (PEA) and survival rates are low; unlike ventricular fibrillation (VF), which is treatable by defibrillation. Development of novel treatments requires fundamental clinical studies, but access to the true initial rhythm has been a limiting factor.

METHODS: Using demographics and detailed clinical variables, we trained and tested an AI model (extreme gradient boosting) to differentiate PEA-SCA versus VF-SCA in a novel setting that provided the true initial rhythm. A subgroup of SCAs are witnessed by emergency medical services personnel, and because the response time is …

Exploring Students' Adoption Of Chatgpt As A Mentor For Undergraduate Computing Projects: Pls-Sem Analysis, Gottipati Swapna, Kyong Jin Shim, Shankararaman, Venky

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

As computing projects increasingly become a core component of undergraduate courses, effective mentorship is crucial for supporting students' learning and development. Our study examines the adoption of ChatGPT as a mentor for undergraduate computing projects. It explores the impact of ChatGPT mentorship, specifically, skills development, and mentor responsiveness, i.e., ChatGPT's responsiveness to students' needs and requests. We utilize PLS-SEM to investigate the interrelationships between different factors and develop a model that captures their contribution to the effectiveness of ChatGPT as a mentor. The findings suggest that mentor responsiveness and technical/design support are key factors for the adoption of AI tools …

Demystifying Artificial Intelligence (Ai) For Early Childhood And Elementary Education: A Case Study Of Perceptions Of Ai Of State Of Missouri Educators, Kathryn Arnone, James Hutson, Karen Woodruff

Faculty Scholarship

Artificial intelligence (AI) and its impact on society have received a great deal of attention in the past five years since the first Stanford AI100 report. AI already globally impacts individuals in critical and personal ways, and many industries will continue to experience disruptions as the full algorithmic effects are understood. However, with regard to education, adopting in disciplines remains limited largely to Computer Science and Information Technology in postsecondary education. Recent advances with technology are especially promising for their potential to create and scale personalized learning for students, to optimize strategies for learning outcomes, and to increase access to …

Data-Driven Decision Support Tool Co-Development With A Primary Health Care Practice Based Learning Network, Jacqueline K. Kueper, Jennifer Rayner, Sara Bhatti, Kelly Angevaare, Sandra Fitzpatrick, Paulino Lucamba, Eric Sutherland, Daniel J. Lizotte

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

Background: The Alliance for Healthier Communities is a learning health system that supports Community Health Centres (CHCs) across Ontario, Canada to provide team-based primary health care to people who otherwise experience barriers to care. This case study describes the ongoing process and lessons learned from the first Alliance for Healthier Communities’ Practice Based Learning Network (PBLN) data-driven decision support tool co-development project.

Methods: We employ an iterative approach to problem identification and methods development for the decision support tool, moving between discussion sessions and case studies with CHC electronic health record (EHR) data. We summarize our work to date in …

Ai For Search And Rescue - Locating A Missing Person, David Hernandez, Sai Rama Balakrishnan, Timmy Chin, Aditya Manikonda, Vasanth Pugalenthi

College of Engineering Summer Undergraduate Research Program

Building on the work done initially as a SURP 2021 project and continued through 2021-23, the focus for this summer project will be on the use of computer technology for locating a missing person. Over the last year, we developed the digital equivalents of about 30 paper-based S&R forms and the infrastructure to collect the respective information. In their current use, these paper forms are filled out by search teams, collected in a command post, and reviewed by search coordinators. This process is time-consuming, prone to errors and loss of information, and relies heavily on the experience, skills, and mental …

Ethics And Social Justice For Ai In Data Science, Arya Ramchander, Kylene Nicole Landenberger

College of Engineering Summer Undergraduate Research Program

The advances of AI raise several critical questions about human values and ethics, highlighting the need for researchers and developers to consider the ethical implications and the risks of neglecting them. In the past few years, student researchers have developed an AI model that allows users to test their surveys for possible breaches of subject confidentiality. This allows the users to gauge the ethicality of their proposal. This summer, we have expanded on this research and launched an interactive model for students and researches to assess their current work for ethical and social justice implications. Using Langchain and Figma, we …

Artificial Intelligence Cad Tools In Trauma Imaging: A Scoping Review From The American Society Of Emergency Radiology (Aser) Ai/Ml Expert Panel., David Dreizin, Pedro V Staziaki, Garvit D Khatri, Nicholas M Beckmann, Zhaoyong Feng, Yuanyuan Liang, Zachary S Delproposto, Maximiliano Klug, J Stephen Spann, Nathan Sarkar, Yunting Fu

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: AI/ML CAD tools can potentially improve outcomes in the high-stakes, high-volume model of trauma radiology. No prior scoping review has been undertaken to comprehensively assess tools in this subspecialty.

PURPOSE: To map the evolution and current state of trauma radiology CAD tools along key dimensions of technology readiness.

METHODS: Following a search of databases, abstract screening, and full-text document review, CAD tool maturity was charted using elements of data curation, performance validation, outcomes research, explainability, user acceptance, and funding patterns. Descriptive statistics were used to illustrate key trends.

RESULTS: A total of 4052 records were screened, and 233 full-text …

Rapid Assessment Of Fish Freshness For Multiple Supply-Chain Nodes Using Multi-Mode Spectroscopy And Fusion-Based Artificial Intelligence, Hossein Kashani Zadeh, Mike Hardy, Mitchell Sueker, Yicong Li, Angelis Tzouchas, Nicholas Mackinnon, Gregory Bearman, Simon A Haughey, Alireza Akhbardeh, Insuck Baek, Chansong Hwang, Jianwei Qin, Amanda M Tabb, Rosalee S Hellberg, Shereen Ismail, Hassan Reza, Fartash Vasefi, Moon Kim, Kouhyar Tavakolian, Christopher T Elliott

Journal Articles

This study is directed towards developing a fast, non-destructive, and easy-to-use handheld multimode spectroscopic system for fish quality assessment. We apply data fusion of visible near infra-red (VIS-NIR) and short wave infra-red (SWIR) reflectance and fluorescence (FL) spectroscopy data features to classify fish from fresh to spoiled condition. Farmed Atlantic and wild coho and chinook salmon and sablefish fillets were measured. Three hundred measurement points on each of four fillets were taken every two days over 14 days for a total of 8400 measurements for each spectral mode. Multiple machine learning techniques including principal component analysis, self-organized maps, linear and …

Inaugural Artificial Intelligence For Public Health Practice (Ai4php) Retreat: Ontario, Canada, Jacqueline K. Kueper, Laura C. Rosella, Richard G. Booth, Brent D. Davis, Sarah Nayani, Maxwell J. Smith, Dan Lizotte

Computer Science Publications

The Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Public Health Practice Retreat was a hybrid event held in October 2022 in London, Ontario to achieve three main goals: 1) Identify both the goals of public health practitioners and the tasks that they undertake as part of their practice to achieve those goals that could be supported by AI, 2) Learn from existing examples and the experience of others about facilitators and barriers to AI for public health, and 3) Support new and strengthen existing connections between public health practitioners and AI researchers. The retreat included a keynote presentation, group brainstorming exercises, breakout group …

S8e8: How Will Ai Impact Our Lives?, Ron Lisnet, Salimeh Sekeh, Vikas Dhiman

The Maine Question

Artificial intelligence, or “AI,” is a hot topic in 2023. AI and machine learning make headlines every day, with stories ranging from the technology’s helpful capabilities, like self-driving cars, to its scariest potential — think “deep fake” videos fooling the public, or human workers being made obsolete by tools like ChatGPT.

At the University of Maine, AI is central to research and classroom activities across disciplines, from forestry and farming to sensors and satellites.

In this episode, we speak with two UMaine researchers who are at the forefront of AI research. Salimeh Sekeh is an assistant professor of computer science …

Of Inventorship And Patent Ownership: Examining The Intersection Between Artificial Intelligence And Patent Law, Cheng Lim Saw, Zheng Wen Samuel Chan

Research Collection Yong Pung How School Of Law

Artificial intelligence (“AI”) has garnered much attention in recent years, with capabilities spanning the operation of self-driving cars to the emulation of the great artistic masters of old. The field has now been ostensibly enlarged in light of the professed abilities of AI machines to autonomously generate patentable inventions. This article examines the present state of AI technology and the suitability of existing patent law frameworks in accommodating it. Looking ahead, the authors also offer two recommendations in a bid to anticipate and resolve the challenges that future developments in AI technology might pose to patent law. In particular, the …

Science, Technology, Society, And Law, Paolo Davide Farah, Justo Corti Varela

Book Chapters

Traditionally, science and technology have been granted as sources of knowledge and objective truth. However, much more recently, they are also seen as human activities, conducted in a social environment. This new approach focuses on the intersections between science, technology and society, and particularly their regulation by the law. Concerns on how to best regulate the interaction come up in modern societies, and when either their use or their impacts are global, international law and international organizations become involved. The impact of the fourfold relation is so high that science and technology are seen as one of the reasons for …

Robots And Reference Services, Abdullahi Olayinka Isiaka, Biliamin Abiola Aremu, Abdulfatai Soliu, Fahisat Romoke Isiaq

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Abstract

This paper explores the integration of robots into reference services in various library and information settings. The use of robots in these contexts has gained momentum in recent years, offering innovative solutions to enhance user experiences, improve access to information, and expand the capabilities of reference librarians. This paper reviews the current state of robots in reference services, discusses their potential benefits and challenges, and examines case studies to illustrate their practical applications. Furthermore, it offers insights into the future prospects and ethical considerations associated with the integration of robots in this domain. This paper delves into the fascinating …

Problematic Ai — When Should We Use It?, Fredric Lederer

Popular Media

No abstract provided.

A Machine Learning And Deep Learning Framework For Binary, Ternary, And Multiclass Emotion Classification Of Covid-19 Vaccine-Related Tweets, Aditya Dubey

Honors Scholar Theses

My research mines public emotion toward the Covid-19 vaccine based on Twitter data collected over the past 6-12 months. This project is centered around building and developing machine learning and deep learning models to perform natural language processing of short-form text, which in our case tweets. These tweets are all vaccine-related tweets and the goal of the classification task is for our models to accurately classify a tweet into one of four emotion groups: Apprehension/Anticipation, Sadness/Anger/Frustration, Joy/Humor/Sarcasm, and Gratitude/Relief. Given this data and the goal of the paper, we aim to answer the following questions: (1) Can a framework be …

Optimization Of Orbital Trajectories Using Neuroevolution Of Augmenting Topologies, Nathan Wetherell

University Scholar Projects

This project aims to determine the feasibility of using NeuroEvolution of Augmenting Topologies (NEAT), an advanced neural network evolution scheme, to optimize orbital transfer trajectories. More specifically, this project compares a genetically evolved neural network to a standard Hohmann transfer between Earth and Mars. To test these two methods, an N-body simulation environment was created to accurately determine the result of gravitational interactions on a theoretical spacecraft when combined with planned engine burns. Once created, this simulation environment was used to train the neural networks created using the NEAT Python module. A genetic algorithm was used to modify the topology …

Understanding Deep Learning - Challenges And Prospects, Niha Adnan, Fahad Umer

Department of Surgery

The developments in Artificial Intelligence have been on the rise since its advent. The advancements in this field have been the innovative research area across a wide range of industries, making its incorporation in dentistry inevitable. Artificial Intelligence techniques are making serious progress in the diagnostic and treatment planning aspects of dental clinical practice. This will ultimately help in the elimination of subjectivity and human error that are often part of radiographic interpretations, and will improve the overall efficiency of the process. The various types of Artificial Intelligence algorithms that exist today make the understanding of their application quite complex. …

Artificial Intelligence As Augmenting Automation: Implications For Employment, F. Ted Tschang, Esteve Almirall

Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business

There has been great concern in recent years that artificial intelligence (AI) may cause widespread unemployment, but proponents say that AI augments existing jobs. Both of these positions have substance, but there is a need is to articulate the mechanisms by which AI may actually do both, and in the process, transform work and business organizations alike. We use economic studies showing past transformations automation wrought on the structure of employment and skills (such as the favouring of nonroutine skills) to articulate a ground for discussion. We then use case evidence of AI and automation to show how AI is …

Aessa Young Professionals Forum Webinar “Technologies And Skills That Will Gearup The Aerospace Industry Post Pandemic” - A Global Perspective With An Emphasis On South Africa October 2021, Linda Vee Weiland

Publications

A webinar presentation for AeSSA Young Professionals.