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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Exploring Online Novelty Detection Using First Story Detection Models, Fei Wang, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher
Exploring Online Novelty Detection Using First Story Detection Models, Fei Wang, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher
Conference papers
Online novelty detection is an important technology in understanding and exploiting streaming data. One application of online novelty detection is First Story Detection (FSD) which attempts to find the very first story about a new topic, e.g. the first news report discussing the “Beast from the East” hitting Ireland. Although hundreds of FSD models have been developed, the vast majority of these only aim at improving the performance of the detection for some specific dataset, and very few focus on the insight of novelty itself. We believe that online novelty detection, framed as an unsupervised learning problem, always requires a …
A Multi-Task Approach To Incremental Dialogue State Tracking, Anh Duong Trinh, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher
A Multi-Task Approach To Incremental Dialogue State Tracking, Anh Duong Trinh, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher
Conference papers
Incrementality is a fundamental feature of language in real world use. To this point, however, the vast majority of work in automated dialogue processing has focused on language as turn based. In this paper we explore the challenge of incremental dialogue state tracking through the development and analysis of a multi-task approach to incremental dialogue state tracking. We present the design of our incremental dialogue state tracker in detail and provide evaluation against the well known Dialogue State Tracking Challenge 2 (DSTC2) dataset. In addition to a standard evaluation of the tracker, we also provide an analysis of the Incrementality …
From Rankings To Ratings: Rank Scoring Via Active Learning, Jack O'Neill, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Mac Namee
From Rankings To Ratings: Rank Scoring Via Active Learning, Jack O'Neill, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Mac Namee
Conference papers
In this paper we present RaScAL, an active learning approach to predicting real-valued scores for items given access to an oracle and knowledge of the overall item-ranking. In an experiment on six different datasets, we find that RaScAL consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art. The RaScAL algorithm represents one step within a proposed overall system of preference elicitations of scores via pairwise comparisons.
Perception & Perspective: An Analysis Of Discourse And Situational Factors In Reference Frame Selection, Robert J. Ross, Kavita E. Thomas
Perception & Perspective: An Analysis Of Discourse And Situational Factors In Reference Frame Selection, Robert J. Ross, Kavita E. Thomas
Conference papers
To integrate perception into dialogue, it is necessary to bind spatial language descriptions to reference frame use. To this end, we present an analysis of discourse and situational factors that may influence reference frame choice in dialogues. We show that factors including spatial orientation, task, self and other alignment, and dyad have an influence on reference frame use. We further show that a computational model to estimate reference frame based on these features provides results greater than both random and greedy reference frame selection strategies.
An Investigation Into The Effects Of Multiple Kernel Combinations On Solutions Spaces In Support Vector Machines, Paul Kelly, Luca Longo
An Investigation Into The Effects Of Multiple Kernel Combinations On Solutions Spaces In Support Vector Machines, Paul Kelly, Luca Longo
Conference papers
The use of Multiple Kernel Learning (MKL) for Support Vector Machines (SVM) in Machine Learning tasks is a growing field of study. MKL kernels expand on traditional base kernels that are used to improve performance on non-linearly separable datasets. Multiple kernels use combinations of those base kernels to develop novel kernel shapes that allow for more diversity in the generated solution spaces. Customising these kernels to the dataset is still mostly a process of trial and error. Guidelines around what combinations to implement are lacking and usually they requires domain specific knowledge and understanding of the data. Through a brute …
Evaluating Sequence Discovery Systems In An Abstraction-Aware Manner, Eoin Rogers, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher
Evaluating Sequence Discovery Systems In An Abstraction-Aware Manner, Eoin Rogers, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher
Conference papers
Activity discovery is a challenging machine learning problem where we seek to uncover new or altered behavioural patterns in sensor data. In this paper we motivate and introduce a novel approach to evaluating activity discovery systems. Pre-annotated ground truths, often used to evaluate the performance of such systems on existing datasets, may exist at different levels of abstraction to the output of the output produced by the system. We propose a method for detecting and dealing with this situation, allowing for useful ground truth comparisons. This work has applications for activity discovery, and also for related fields. For example, it …
Exploring The Functional And Geometric Bias Of Spatial Relations Using Neural Language Models, Simon Dobnik, Mehdi Ghanimifard, John D. Kelleher
Exploring The Functional And Geometric Bias Of Spatial Relations Using Neural Language Models, Simon Dobnik, Mehdi Ghanimifard, John D. Kelleher
Conference papers
The challenge for computational models of spatial descriptions for situated dialogue systems is the integration of information from different modalities. The semantics of spatial descriptions are grounded in at least two sources of information: (i) a geometric representation of space and (ii) the functional interaction of related objects that. We train several neural language models on descriptions of scenes from a dataset of image captions and examine whether the functional or geometric bias of spatial descriptions reported in the literature is reflected in the estimated perplexity of these models. The results of these experiments have implications for the creation of …