Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Intelligibility Benefit For Familiar Voices Does Not Depend On Better Discrimination Of Fundamental Frequency Or Vocal Tract Length, Emma Holmes, Ingrid Johnsrude

Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications

Speech is more intelligible when it is spoken by familiar than unfamiliar people. Two cues to voice identity are glottal pulse rate (GPR) and vocal tract length (VTL): perhaps these features are more accurately represented for familiar voices in a listener’s brain. If so, listeners should be able to discriminate smaller manipulations to perceptual correlates of these vocal parameters for familiar than unfamiliar voices. We recruited pairs of friends who had known each other for 0.5–22.5 years. We measured thresholds for discriminating pitch (correlate of GPR) and formant spacing (correlate of VTL; ‘VTL-timbre’) for voices that were familiar (friends) and …

Prevalence And Health Burden Of Cardiovascular Disease In Older U.S. Veterans: Results From The 2019-2020 National Health And Resilience In Veterans Study, Cailin Arechiga

Public Health Theses

Importance. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death in the U.S. and is associated with a range of demographic, military, trauma, and clinical characteristics and physical and mental health conditions. Older military veterans may have an increased risk for CVD, given their advanced age and military experiences. However, the prevalence and health burden of CVD in population-based samples has not been well characterized. Objective. To characterize the current prevalence of CVD, and its association with sociodemographic, military, trauma, and clinical variables in a large, contemporary, and nationally representative sample of older U.S. veterans. Design. Cross-sectional study …

Healthcare Provider Perspectives On The Influence Of Cultural Beliefs On Infant And Young Child Feeding Practices Within Ghanaian Refugee Camps: A Qualitative Analysis, Morgan Nadene Veronica Buchanan

Public Health Theses

Adherence to breastfeeding and complementary feeding recommendations is a proven strategy for promoting the well-being of infants and young children and ensuring their proper development. Cultural beliefs inform caregivers’ likelihood to follow these guidelines as they influence caregivers’ thoughts about maternal behavior during the prenatal and lactation periods, child feeding behaviors, and health. Refugee camps or settlements are a unique space to study the coexistence of cultural beliefs held by residents and staff. Understanding the pathways by which cultural beliefs modulate caregiver infant and young child feeding (IYCF) behavior (and therefore impact child health) within these settings is of paramount …

‘I’M Never Saying A Damn Word Again’: Approaches To Community Support And Help Seeking Among Black Youth Experiencing Suicidal Thoughts, Alexis Renee Hopkins

Public Health Theses

Background. Suicidal behavior among Black youth is rising in the United States , yet little is known about how Black Youth engage and navigate suicidality. While we know that suicide ideation and death by suicide is decreasing overall among youth in the U.S., incidences of death by suicide are still rising among Black youth. There is very little understanding of what community support is accessible to Black youth who are experiencing suicidality. The present study examines how Black young adults who experienced suicidality in their youth turned to their social support systems and communities for support. Method. Seventeen semi-structured in-depth …

Uniting The Front: A Qualitative Exploration Of The Community Health Worker Covid-19 Pandemic Response In Connecticut, Serena Ly

Public Health Theses

Background: Community health workers (CHWs) are becoming increasingly recognized for their contributions to community health. As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to devastate poor and underserved communities, leveraging CHWs’ experiences with vulnerable community members is key to developing an equity-centered pandemic response. This qualitative research study aimed to explore how CHWs have addressed emerging community needs and whether health and emergency management systems have fully integrated CHWs in the COVID-19 pandemic response. This study further aimed to assess, through CHWs perceptions, how well health systems have safeguarded CHWs’ health and wellbeing as they support impacted communities.

Methods: CHWs and their managers …

The Impact Of Economic Intimate Partner Violence On Women’S Sexual And Reproductive Health In Asia & The Pacific, Marina Katague

Public Health Theses

Intimate partner violence is a human rights violation and serious threat to global public health. Economic intimate partner violence is a unique form of abuse whose effects on health need clarification. Data from the 2011-2012 UN Multi-country Study on Men and Violence, comprised of cross-sectional samples in China, Papua New Guinea, and Sri Lanka were collected on ever-partnered women aged 18-49 years. The sample averaged some (1.14) economic violence exposure across summed behaviors (range 0-12; standard deviation=2.04). Multivariable regressions were run to assess the relationship between severity of IPV abuse types and 14 sexual and reproductive health outcomes. Adjusted analyses …