Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The 21st Century Global Digital Economies Revolution And The Aftermath Of Covid-19 Pandemic: Some Anticipated Implication Changes For Developing Nations, Agyei Fosu

ASEAN Journal of Community Engagement

The 21^st century digital global economies era changed developmental approaches drastically to a point where most researchers, policy makers, and developers have asserted that to achieve economic development for developing nations; it is paramount for Information and Communications Technologies (ICTs) investments in all sectors contributing to their economy. The current COVID-19 pandemic and the various measures taken by governments such as lockdown, curfew, companies asking employees to work from home, and the use of e-learning by schools to curb the disease brings into perspective the assertion raised by various scholars about the need for developing nations to invest in …

Covid-19 & Pregnancy Complication During Early Pandemic: A Narrative Review, Ahmed A. Eladely, Maria Hill, Ahmed Abdelhaleem, Zahid Imran, Ahsan M. Khan, Daisy Sangroula

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: Coronaviruses have caused three outbreaks in the past two decades. The novel one is SARS-COV-2, which causes COVID-19. Pregnant women have a somewhat altered immune state, which may make them more vulnerable to COVID-19 and its complications. Extensive research is needed to better understand the clinical course of COVID-19 in this population. This review article discusses the comparison of SARS-CoV-2 with previous coronavirus outbreaks, clinical presentations, and complications in pregnant women and newborns.

Methods: We conducted a literature search for case series and case reports about pregnancy outcomes in pregnant women with COVID-19 during the early phase of pandemic. …

The Case Of A Pregnant Woman With Ards Due To Covid-19 Treated With Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycin, And Remdesivir And Delivery Of A Healthy Baby During Mechanical Ventilation Through Cesarean Section, Adria Madera-Acosta, Martin Gnoni, Bassman Tappuni, Monika Sadlak, Ravleen Grewal, Angel Mena, Yousef Ali-Ahwel

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

We are in the midst of a pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2. Pregnancy was identified among the risk factors for worse clinical outcomes in multiple studies. The optimal therapy in this group of patients remains to be defined. Here, we present the case of a 39-year-old Caucasian pregnant female at 31 weeks of gestation, who was treated successfully with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, remdesivir, prone therapy, and cesarean delivery of a healthy baby while on mechanical ventilation. She remained SARS-CoV-2-positive until the 39th day of hospitalization. We discuss the pathophysiology of the increased risk of infections during pregnancy and particularly the high risk …

Bibliometric Survey On Effect Of Climate Factors On Spread Of Coronavirus (Covid-19), Seema Patil, Jay Makwana, Manish Attri

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

The new SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 has spread quickly around the globe since it was first reported in Wuhan city of China, in December 2019 subsequent to being contracted from a zoonotic source. The main focus of this bibliometric survey is to recognize the few studies which have upheld the epidemiological hypothesis that the effect of climatic factors is playing a crucial role in the spreading of COVID-19. The analysis is done on the basis of 412 documents such as journals, articles, editorials, short surveys and some review papers. The United States contributes to the maximum number of publications followed by the …

Implementation Of The University Of Louisville Covid-19 Biorepository: Experiences From The Center Of Excellence In Infectious Diseases (Cerid), Dawn Balcom, Leslie A Wolf, Subathra Marimuthu, William Johnson, Danial Malik, Chet Dhakal, Pavani Nathala, Mohammed Abbas, Sahaj Hardeep Singh, Basel Haddad, Rafik Elbeblawy, Fnu Deepti, Ahmed Ali, Evelyn Exposito Gonzalez, Ruth Carrico

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

The limited availability of biological samples from patients testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 for future research was quickly identified at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to this need, a COVID-19 biobank was initiated by the University of Louisville Division of Infectious Diseases, Center of Excellence for Research in Infectious Diseases (CERID). The COVID-19 biobank contains waste samples obtained from patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in any of the nine Louisville, Kentucky, area hospitals during the timeframe of April 13 to September 20, 2020. The COVID-19 biobank stores approximately 1,623 waste samples with 2,127 aliquots for distribution. All samples are …

Multicultural Competencies Of Healthcare Professionals And Disability-Inclusive In Telehealth During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Si-Yi Chao, Keith B. Wilson, Carrie L. Acklin

Early Childhood, Special Education, and Counselor Education Faculty Publications

There is evidence that people with disabilities are more likely to be discriminated against and to have disproportionate health care disparities compared to people who are able-bodied during the devastating COVID-19 pandemic. In light of COVID-19, telehealth has been transformed to the primary health care delivery due to social restrictions of most, globally. Disability-inclusive telehealth design can promote culturally diverse groups access and more accurate COVID-19 information, knowledge, public health measures, and guidelines of preventive strategies for acquiring COVID-19. Applying multicultural competencies is required for healthcare providers to maximize health engagement and outcomes of PWD. In many areas of health …

Age, Comorbidities, And Mortality Correlation In Covid-19 Patients: A Review, Vidyulata Salunkhe, Amr Aboelnasr, Parul Pahal, Nida Qadir, Simra Kiran, Balaji Sekaran, Omar Fahmy, Farah Daas, Syed Shah

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: The risk of death due to COVID-19 among hospitalized patients is known to be higher in older adults and those with underlying health conditions. Understanding the proportion of patients who are at increased risk of death due to COVID-19 and how this varies between age groups will inform the healthcare community as to how to evaluate the risk of COVID-19 and better design healthcare and economic policies.

Methods: We conducted a literature search for studies published between December 2019 and May 16, 2020 in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane (CENTRAL). Descriptive statistics were performed.

Results: We reviewed 14 studies, of …

Congregate Care In The Time Of Covid-19: Proposed Best Practices From The Inside, Linda Bergthold, Margan Zajdowicz, Thaddeus R. Zajdowicz, Elli Hall, Kimberley A. Buckner, Ruth Carrico

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

How Parents And Their Children Used Social Media And Technology At The Beginning Of The Covid-19 Pandemic And Associations With Anxiety., Michelle Drouin, Brandon T. Mcdaniel Phd, Jessica Pater, Tammy Toscos Phd

Health Services and Informatics Research

In this study, we examined parents' (n = 260) perceptions of their own and their children's use of social media and other types of communication technologies in the beginning stages of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related sanctions (e.g., social distancing) in the United States. We also examined associations between social media and technology use and anxiety. On average, parents reported that both they and their children (especially teenagers aged 13-18) had increased technology and social media use since the beginning of social distancing. Moreover, even after controlling for demographic factors, structural equation models showed that parents and children with …

Research And Data Mining During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Hale Z. Toklu, Rakesh Prashad

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

With the recent advances in information and technology systems, most developed countries have invested in building advanced systems for the management of electronic medical records. If the infrastructure of these systems are well designed, they both serve as an information resource for routine patient care and also serve as the primary backbone for medical research. This evidence became clear during the recent coronavirus pandemic, which has been a worldwide challenge since the beginning of 2020. Rapid spread of SARS–CoV-2 infections all over the world has resulted in tremendous health, economic and social ramifications, including social distancing, travel restrictions and closing …

Author Productivity Of Covid-19 Research Output Globally: Testing Lotka's Law, K Kumar Dr

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

COVID-19 is a novel virus with lethal effects on human health, causing respiratory failure and infiltration in the lungs. The present study attempted to examine global publication trends in research associated with COVID-19 and sought the fitness of Lotka's Law, data downloaded from the WHO database (https://www.who.int/). The search term "2019nCoV, COVID -19" was used to retrieve articles published from December 2019 to March 19, 2020. Two thousand two hundred eighteen authors have contributed a total of 2250 articles. Four clusters formed on "author title/abstract," the terms hospital, CoV, coronavirus, pneumonia found associated with 20674 terms, out of which …

Covid-19 Contact Tracing Apps: How They Notify Users Of Potential Exposure, William A. Mattingly

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Considerations For A Covid-19 Research Data Warehouse In The Time Of Covid, William A. Mattingly

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Taponamiento Cardíaco Y Hemorragia Intracerebral En Un Niño Con La Covid-19: Reporte De Un Caso, Ricardo Enrique Rodríguez Portilla, Manuel Eduardo Munaico Abanto, Rosa Perlita Paredes Zevallos, Gaudi Amelia Quispe Flores

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

La enfermedad por coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) es una pandemia según declaraciones de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Afecta tanto a la población adulta como pediátrica; sin embargo, la mayor información publicada corresponde a los primeros, generando una brecha de conocimiento con respecto a los niños. El compromiso pulmonar parece ser la manifestación más frecuente de la enfermedad, aunque se han reportado afecciones extrapulmonares como derrame pericárdico y enfermedades cerebrovasculares en adultos; sin embargo, según nuestra revisión ninguna ha sido reportada en niños. Presentamos el caso de un paciente varón de 7 años con antecedentes de asma y sobrepeso que …

Importancia De La Genética Como Ciencia En Relación A La Pandemia De Covid-19, E. Eduardo Sánchez Castro, Cecilia Pajuelo Reyes

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

La actual pandemia de COVID-19 se ha convertido en un grave problema de salud pública mundial, contándose casi un millón y medio de casos y decenas de miles de muertes a la fecha. La genética por su parte está teniendo un papel protagónico en la identificación, manejo y tratamiento de enfermedades. En el presente artículo se detalla sobre la importancia de la genética como ciencia para afrontar la amenaza global de la COVID-19, desde diferentes enfoques. Se resaltan los aportes que ha tenido y seguirá teniendo la genética en la identificación del nuevo virus SARS- CoV-2, en el desarrollo de …

La Anosmia Como Síntoma Temprano En Pacientes Con Covid-19, Alex Stiven Huamán Navarro, Juliana Aparcana Machado

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

Desde el conocimiento de la aparición de un brote a mediados del mes de diciembre del 2019 por elnuevo coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) en la ciudad de Wuhan, China, se vienen desarrollando estudiosepidemiológicos y clínicos para definir bien la sintomatología de la enfermedad por el coronavirus 2019(COVID-19), sin embargo, dentro de algunos reportes nada despreciables, se viene informando que unode los síntomas iniciales de la enfermedad también podrían ser las alteraciones del olfato y del gusto (30y 60% en las series coreana y alemana, respectivamente).

Covid-19 Desde La Perspectiva De La Prevención Primaria, Franshesca L. Sedano Chiroque, Cristian Rojas Miliano, José M. Vela Ruiz

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

El presente artículo busca describir las principales medidas de prevención primaria sobre el 2019-nCoV o COVID-19 que recientemente está afectando a nuestro país, considerando aspectos epidemiológicos y recomendaciones aplicadas y reportadas en otros países. Los temas abordados son la prevención de los pacientes viajeros, la importancia de la higiene de manos, prevención por vía respiratoria, políticas en centros educacionales y prevención para el personal de salud. Ello obedece a la necesidad de una mejor caracterización de este nuevo problema de salud en nuestro país, para establecer políticas públicas en base a la prevención de las complicaciones de este nuevo virus, …

Covid-19: Revisión De La Literatura Y Su Impacto En La Realidad Sanitaria Peruana, Alberto Córdova Aguilar, Germán Rossani A.

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

Introducción: La enfermedad denominada COVID-19 es una pandemia causada por el virus SARS-CoV-2 (síndrome agudo respiratorio severo 2). En el Perú, el paciente cero o primer caso con COVID-19 fue detectado el último 6 de marzo y desde entonces el virus continúa su propagación. El gobierno nacional lucha contra esta enfermedad desde varios frentes, pero la situación sanitaria difiere mucho con la de países desarrollados. Objetivo: Revisar el estado actual de la enfermedad y analizar su posible impacto en el sistema de salud peruano. Métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica de diversos estudios desde la aparición de la enfermedad (diciembre …

Recomendaciones Clínicas Para El Manejo De Pacientes Oncológicos En El Marco De La Pandemia Covid-19, Brady E. Beltrán Ortega Garate, Manuel H. Leiva, Efraín A. Alarcón, Jaime Puicón, Erika J. Marcial, Alex R. A. Capellino, Renzo M. Salas

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

La enfermedad por la nueva cepa de Coronavirus (COVID-19) ha sido catalogada como una pandemia por la OMS. En el Perú, se decretó estado de emergencia nacional y aislamiento social obligatorio desde el 15 de marzo. Los sistemas de salud a nivel mundial han sufrido un gran impacto debido la infección por COVID-19, lo cual obligó a los sistemas de salud, sociedades y asociaciones médicas a diseñar estrategias de intervención priorizada para dar continuidad a la atención de los pacientes en áreas COVID-19 y áreas libres de COVID-19. El paciente con cáncer es catalogado como vulnerable y representa un factor …

Caracterización Clínico-Patológica, Genotipificación Viral Y Heterogeneidad Genética Como Determinantes De Riesgo En Covid-19: Diseño Del Estudio Y Hallazgos Iniciales, Mauricio Postigo Mac Dowall, Alejandro Barrionuevo Poquet, Oscar Carnero Fuentes, Guido Pareja Begazo, Claudio Coayla Cano, Aly Gallo López, Aly Gallo López, Jhony A. De La Cruz Vargas

Revista de la Facultad de Medicina Humana

Introducción: El objetivo del estudio es describir las características clínicas, patológicas, virológicas y genéticas de larespuesta inmune de los pacientes diagnosticados con infección por SARS-CoV-2 y su relación con el curso desfavorablede la enfermedad. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, relacional, longitudinal y retrospectivo basado en la revisión dehistorias clínicas, toma de biopsias tru-cut post-mortem de pulmón e hígado, toma de muestras de sangre e hisopadonaso-orofaríngeo o de aspirado del tubo endotraqueal. En la primera fase las biopsias serán procesadas y estudiadascon histología convencional e inmunohistoquímica en el servicio de Anatomía Patológica del hospital NacionalCarlos Seguín Escobedo de Arequipa, Perú. Resultados: La edad …

The Incidence Of Common Respiratory Viruses During The Covid-19 Pandemic: Results From The Louisville Covid-19 Epidemiology Study, Brian C. Bohn Pharmd, Bcidp, Ashley M. Wilde Pharmd, Bcps-Aq Id, Sarah E. Moore Pharmd, Matthew Song Pharmd, Bcidp, Clayton J. Patross Pharmd, Bcps, Alan D. Junkins Phd, D(Abmm), Paul Schulz Md, Julio A. Ramirez Md Facp

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Introduction: Social distancing has been utilized during the COVID-19 pandemic to reduce the spread of SARS-CoV-2; it is also expected to reduce the spread of common respiratory viruses.

Methods: This retrospective, descriptive study assessed the rate of positivity of common respiratory viruses from a commercially available respiratory pathogen panel across a five-hospital health system during four-week periods within March to April of 2019 and 2020.

Results: During the four-week period in 2019, the percent positivity of common respiratory viruses from week 1 to week 4 decreased from 6 to 32% among the four included viruses. In the comparator period in …

The Rapid Increase In Telemedicine Visits During Covid-19, Chelsea Johnson, Kathryn Taff, Brian R. Lee, Amanda Montalbano

Patient Experience Journal

Prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, facilitated telemedicine encounters were available at outreach locations; however, our tertiary children’s hospital had not invested widely in direct to patient telemedicine. Our daily pediatric subspecialty visits dropped from an average of 2066 visits a day prior to COVID-19 in our community to 1000 patients a day during the study period. Over the four-week period from April 15 to May 12, 2020, patient and family experience ratings of percentage of positive responses (9 or 10) on the provider rating 0-10 scale between telemedicine and in-person visits were compared for our pediatric subspecialty clinics using a …

Anesthesia Services In The Time Of Covid, James Chen, Daisy Sangroula, Katelyn Williams, Sydney Pham, Ozan Akca, Jiapeng Huang, Sean Clifford

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Our hospital is a 400-bed, Level-1 trauma center with 78 intensive care unit (ICU) beds serving the greater Louisville metropolitan area. The COVID-19 pandemic forced our hospital to re-evaluate our core business operations and to develop a coherent response to a fluid situation. Between March 15 and May 15, 2020, the University of Louisville Hospital admitted more than 100 COVID-19 inpatients; approximately 30 were admitted to the ICU, and most required endotracheal intubation. The following review describes our Department of Anesthesiology \& Perioperative Medicine foci, actions, and rationale during the COVID-19 pandemic. While we hope not to experience another pandemic …

Severe Covid-19, Arpan H. Chawala, Shivam Gulati, Bettina Sinanova, Jose Bordon

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Introduction: There is substantial variation in the clinical characteristics and outcomes of severe coronavirus disease (COVID-19), making it difficult to do an optimal assessment of this condition. We reviewed the current English literature to identify the findings concerning the baseline characteristics and health outcomes of patients with severe COVID-19, primarily those with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

Methods: We examined only studies that assessed patients with confirmed COVID-19 by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) with at least one of the following severity criteria: treated in the intensive care unit (ICU), ARDS, and/or invasive …

Is Sars-Cov-2 A Neurotropic Virus And A Potential Facilitator Of Cns Infection For Other Pathogens?, Jose Bordon

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Parents’ Feelings About School Reopening During Covid-19: Survey Results From Northeast Indiana, Mindy Flanagan Phd, Brandon T. Mcdaniel Phd, Michelle Drouin Phd, Jessica Pater Phd, Tammy Toscos Phd

Health Services and Informatics Research

A report compiled by a team from the Health Services and Informatics Research Group. Assess concerns and attitudes related to child(ren)’s return to school amid the COVID-19 pandemic among parents in Northeast Indiana. Method, results, and conclusion of survey results.

The Importance Of Cycle Threshold Values In The Evaluation Of Patients With Persistent Positive Pcr For Sars-Cov-2: Case Study And Brief Review, Jose Bordon, Donghoon Chung, Priya Krishnan, Ruth Carrico, Julio A. Ramirez

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Some patients recover from COVID-19, but their reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for SARS-CoV-2 remains persistently positive. In the evaluation of these patients, it is important to define the cycle threshold (Ct) value of the RT-PCR test. This article will present a case study, address relevant findings and interpretation of the RT-PCR test, and explain the use of Ct values in defining when a healthcare worker may return to work. Our current approach is to allow health care workers with persistently positive RT-PCR to return to work if the Ct value is greater than 35.

An Overview Of Current Clinical Trials Of Agents For The Treatment And Prevention Of Covid-19 In The United States, Kenneth Schot Hannan, William P. Mckinney

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Introduction: Given the rapid worldwide spread of SARS-CoV-2 and the attendant risks for severe complications and mortality, numerous clinical trials for its treatment and prevention have been generated in a short period. This report focuses on the categories of the wide spectrum of agents being studied in the United States and the intensity of effort involved with each so that clinicians may consider whether suggesting enrollment may be appropriate for their patients.

Methods: A search was completed of the ClinicalTrials.gov database on May 28, 2020, for all such trials underway as of that date in the US. A total 190 …

The Nurse Practitioner In The Time Of Covid, Julie Marfell, Lynn Kelso

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Surveillance Testing Of Healthcare Personnel Drives Universal Masking Practice, Paul S. Schulz, Ashley M. Wilde, Steve T. Hester, Jim Frazier, Julio A. Ramirez

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Health care professionals (HCP) are at increased risk of COVID-19 infection due to the unpredictable clinical presentation of COVID-19 disease, limited SARS-CoV-2 testing, personal protective equipment (PPE) shortages, and the inherent inability to distance from patients. Infected HCP may infect others, including coworkers, leading to a simultaneous increase in the number of infections and decrease in the availability of HCP in a community. Due to PPE shortages, many healthcare systems have faced difficult decisions regarding utilization of PPE to protect HCP, patients, and the communities they serve. We describe Norton Healthcare’s success utilizing surveillance COVID-19 testing of HCP to inform …