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Articles 1 - 23 of 23
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Allele-Specific Rna Interference Prevents Neuropathy In Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 2d Mouse Models., Kathryn H Morelli, Laurie B Griffin, Nettie K Pyne, Lindsay M Wallace, Allison M Fowler, Stephanie N Oprescu, Ryuichi Takase, Na Wei, Rebecca Meyer-Schuman, Dattatreya Mellacheruvu, Jacob O Kitzman, Samuel G Kocen, Timothy J Hines, Emily L Spaulding, James R Lupski, Alexey Nesvizhskii, Pedro Mancias, Ian J Butler, Xiang-Lei Yang, Ya-Ming Hou, Anthony Antonellis, Scott Q Harper, Robert W Burgess
Allele-Specific Rna Interference Prevents Neuropathy In Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Type 2d Mouse Models., Kathryn H Morelli, Laurie B Griffin, Nettie K Pyne, Lindsay M Wallace, Allison M Fowler, Stephanie N Oprescu, Ryuichi Takase, Na Wei, Rebecca Meyer-Schuman, Dattatreya Mellacheruvu, Jacob O Kitzman, Samuel G Kocen, Timothy J Hines, Emily L Spaulding, James R Lupski, Alexey Nesvizhskii, Pedro Mancias, Ian J Butler, Xiang-Lei Yang, Ya-Ming Hou, Anthony Antonellis, Scott Q Harper, Robert W Burgess
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers
Gene therapy approaches are being deployed to treat recessive genetic disorders by restoring the expression of mutated genes. However, the feasibility of these approaches for dominantly inherited diseases - where treatment may require reduction in the expression of a toxic mutant protein resulting from a gain-of-function allele - is unclear. Here we show the efficacy of allele-specific RNAi as a potential therapy for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2D (CMT2D), caused by dominant mutations in glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GARS). A de novo mutation in GARS was identified in a patient with a severe peripheral neuropathy, and a mouse model precisely recreating the mutation …
Alpha Synuclein In Hematopoiesis And Immunity, Robert W. Maitta
Alpha Synuclein In Hematopoiesis And Immunity, Robert W. Maitta
Faculty Scholarship
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative condition and intracellular deposition of Lewy bodies in the substantia nigra (SN), which can cause dopaminergic neuronal death, is the hallmark of this syndrome. α-synuclein (syn) is a small protein expressed mainly in neurons but can also be found in a number of tissues. It can be present as a soluble monomer under normal physiological conditions, but can be toxic in its oligomeric or fibrillary forms. Most of the available literature has focused on the effects of α-syn pathology in the mechanisms leading to PD. However, the normal functions of α-syn …
What Do Faculties Specializing In Brain And Neural Sciences Think About, And How Do They Approach, Brain-Friendly Teaching-Learning In Iran?, Sahar Ghanbari, Fariba Haghani, Malahat Akbarfahimi
What Do Faculties Specializing In Brain And Neural Sciences Think About, And How Do They Approach, Brain-Friendly Teaching-Learning In Iran?, Sahar Ghanbari, Fariba Haghani, Malahat Akbarfahimi
Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences
Objective: to investigate the perspectives and experiences of the faculties specializing in brain and neural sciences regarding brain-friendly teaching-learning in Iran. Methods: 17 faculties from 5 universities were selected by purposive sampling (2018). In-depth semi-structured interviews with directed content analysis were used. Results: 31 sub-subcategories, 10 subcategories, and 4 categories were formed according to the “General teaching model”. “Mentorship” was a newly added category. Conclusions: A neuro-educational approach that consider the roles of the learner’s brain uniqueness, executive function facilitation, and the valence system are important to learning. Such learning can be facilitated through cognitive load considerations, repetition, deep questioning, …
Investigation Of Riluzole’S Synaptic Protection Mechanism Through Hsf1-Bdnf Axis, Yi Zhang
Investigation Of Riluzole’S Synaptic Protection Mechanism Through Hsf1-Bdnf Axis, Yi Zhang
Theses and Dissertations (ETD)
The FDA-approved amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) drug Riluzole has great potential in treating Alzheimer’s disease (AD) based on promising animal data as well as its known action on modulating synaptic transmission. However, its detailed mechanism of action is not fully understood. Here, we proposed work aiming to address this aspect via focus- ing on the Heat Shock Factor 1 (HSF1)-dependent mechanisms. We found that Riluzole could increase HSF1 and BDNF (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) expression both at transcriptional and translational levels. CA1 (Cornu Ammonia, the first region in the hip- pocampal circuit), is its main target. We also demonstrated a protective …
Understanding The Neural Bases Of Implicit And Statistical Learning, Laura J. Batterink, Ken A. Paller, Paul J. Reber
Understanding The Neural Bases Of Implicit And Statistical Learning, Laura J. Batterink, Ken A. Paller, Paul J. Reber
Brain and Mind Institute Researchers' Publications
© 2019 Cognitive Science Society, Inc. Both implicit learning and statistical learning focus on the ability of learners to pick up on patterns in the environment. It has been suggested that these two lines of research may be combined into a single construct of “implicit statistical learning.” However, by comparing the neural processes that give rise to implicit versus statistical learning, we may determine the extent to which these two learning paradigms do indeed describe the same core mechanisms. In this review, we describe current knowledge about neural mechanisms underlying both implicit learning and statistical learning, highlighting converging findings between …
Neural Foundations Of Ayres Sensory Integration, Shelly J. Lane, Zoe Mailloux, Sarah Schoen, Anita Bundy, Teresa A. May-Benson, L. Diane Parham, Susanne Smith Roley, Roseann C. Schaaf
Neural Foundations Of Ayres Sensory Integration, Shelly J. Lane, Zoe Mailloux, Sarah Schoen, Anita Bundy, Teresa A. May-Benson, L. Diane Parham, Susanne Smith Roley, Roseann C. Schaaf
Department of Occupational Therapy Faculty Papers
Sensory integration, now trademarked as Ayres Sensory Integration® or ASI, is based on principles of neuroscience and provides a framework for understanding the contributions of the sensory and motor foundations of human behavior. The theory and practice of ASI continues to evolve as greater understanding of the neurobiology of human behavior emerges. In this paper we examine core constructs of ASI identified in the seminal work of Dr. Jean Ayres, and present current neuroscience research that underlies the main patterns of sensory integration function and dysfunction. We consider how current research verifies and clarifies Ayres’ propositions by describing functions …
Bifurcation Analysis Of A Photoreceptor Interaction Model For Retinitis Pigmentosa, Anca R. Radulescu
Bifurcation Analysis Of A Photoreceptor Interaction Model For Retinitis Pigmentosa, Anca R. Radulescu
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
A Model Of Online Latent State Learning, Amy Cochran
A Model Of Online Latent State Learning, Amy Cochran
Biology and Medicine Through Mathematics Conference
No abstract provided.
Visual Art Therapy, Attachment, And The Adoption Constellation: A Literature Review, Caitlin Woodstock
Visual Art Therapy, Attachment, And The Adoption Constellation: A Literature Review, Caitlin Woodstock
Expressive Therapies Capstone Theses
The following literary review is intended to synthesize existing data pertaining to art therapy and its application within adoption informed therapy. The adoption experience will be explored, and the basic tenants of trauma and attachment will be outlined. Current modes of trauma-informed therapy will be introduced and their compatibility with art therapy will be explored. The author will introduce a variety of art therapy interventions as presented through an assortment of theoretical lenses. These applications will be subdivided into their application with individual constellation members, families, groups, and will extend to immigrants and displaced individuals likely to enter into the …
Seeing Eye To Eye: A Machine Learning Approach To Automated Saccade Analysis, Maigh Attre
Seeing Eye To Eye: A Machine Learning Approach To Automated Saccade Analysis, Maigh Attre
Honors Scholar Theses
Abnormal ocular motility is a common manifestation of many underlying pathologies particularly those that are neurological. Dynamics of saccades, when the eye rapidly changes its point of fixation, have been characterized for many neurological disorders including concussions, traumatic brain injuries (TBI), and Parkinson’s disease. However, widespread saccade analysis for diagnostic and research purposes requires the recognition of certain eye movement parameters. Key information such as velocity and duration must be determined from data based on a wide set of patients’ characteristics that may range in eye shapes and iris, hair and skin pigmentation [36]. Previous work on saccade analysis has …
The 5-Ht1a-R Knockout Mouse As A Model Of Later Life Anxiety Disorders: Implications For Sex Differences, Tatyana Budylin
The 5-Ht1a-R Knockout Mouse As A Model Of Later Life Anxiety Disorders: Implications For Sex Differences, Tatyana Budylin
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Anxiety affects nearly twice as many women as it affects men across all cultures and economic groups. Importantly, girls have a higher chance of inheriting anxiety disorders than boys, and many anxiety disorders appear at a very young age. However, little is known about sex differences in brain and behavioral development and how they relate to anxiety in adulthood. Serotonin 1A receptor (5-HT1A-R) mediated signaling has been implicated in depression and anxiety, however most studies that focus on the involvement of the 5-HT1A-R have been conducted in adults. Little is known about how the 5-HT1A …
Measuring Neural Time Series Data In A Sensory Deprivation Tank, Jackson Gregory, Tian Lan, Uri Maoz, Amir Raz
Measuring Neural Time Series Data In A Sensory Deprivation Tank, Jackson Gregory, Tian Lan, Uri Maoz, Amir Raz
Student Scholar Symposium Abstracts and Posters
We are interested in studying the neurological and physiological effects of the float pod, also known as REST therapy, or sensory deprivation tank. Float pods rely on the concept of depriving most senses (from sound and light to temperature and proprioception) in a pool filled with buoyant salt water at body temperature. While float pods are most commonly used in spa environments, we intend to look at the potential benefits of floating under the empirical lens. In this study, we aim to measure neural activity using electroencephalography (EEG). We intend to look at the different levels of relaxation and the …
Bridging The Synapse: Seeing The World Through A Neuroscience Lens, Madeline Macarthur
Bridging The Synapse: Seeing The World Through A Neuroscience Lens, Madeline Macarthur
Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects
No abstract provided.
Law & Health Care Newsletter, Spring 2019
Law & Health Care Newsletter, Spring 2019
Law & Health Care Newsletter
No abstract provided.
The Effects Of Bacterial Endotoxin Lps On Synaptic Transmission At The Neuromuscular Junction, Robin L. Cooper, Micaiah Mcnabb, Jeremy Nadolski
The Effects Of Bacterial Endotoxin Lps On Synaptic Transmission At The Neuromuscular Junction, Robin L. Cooper, Micaiah Mcnabb, Jeremy Nadolski
Biology Faculty Publications
The direct action of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) endotoxin was shown to enhance synaptic transmission and hyperpolarize the membrane potential at low doses, but block glutamatergic receptors and decrease observable spontaneous events at a high dosage. The dosage effects are LPS type specific. The hyperpolarization is not due to voltage-gated potassium channels or to activation of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). The effects are induced directly by LPS, independent of an immune response.
The Extreme Effects Of ‘Not-So-Minor’ Concussions: Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Literature Review, Alyssa Pierson
The Extreme Effects Of ‘Not-So-Minor’ Concussions: Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Literature Review, Alyssa Pierson
Honors Theses
Many of the concerns that people have with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) have already been researched for almost a century, but recently, there has been a big push in CTE research. Previous research was done on boxing and football and has now expanded to other contact sports and the military. Risk factors for CTE include repetitive head trauma, the Apoe4 allele, and age of first exposure to brain trauma. A wide range of symptoms may present with CTE, from motor impairment to suicidal ideation. It is believed that a biopsychosocial model should be used when approaching the symptoms of CTE …
Ephrin-B3 Controls Excitatory Synapse Density Through Cell-Cell Competition For Ephbs., Nathan T. Henderson, Sylvain J. Le Marchand, Martin Hruska, Simon Hippenmeyer, Liqun Luo, Matthew B. Dalva
Ephrin-B3 Controls Excitatory Synapse Density Through Cell-Cell Competition For Ephbs., Nathan T. Henderson, Sylvain J. Le Marchand, Martin Hruska, Simon Hippenmeyer, Liqun Luo, Matthew B. Dalva
Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers
Cortical networks are characterized by sparse connectivity, with synapses found at only a subset of axo-dendritic contacts. Yet within these networks, neurons can exhibit high connection probabilities, suggesting that cell-intrinsic factors, not proximity, determine connectivity. Here, we identify ephrin-B3 (eB3) as a factor that determines synapse density by mediating a cell-cell competition that requires ephrin-B-EphB signaling. In a microisland culture system designed to isolate cell-cell competition, we find that eB3 determines winning and losing neurons in a contest for synapses. In a Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers (MADM) genetic mouse model system in vivo the relative levels of eB3 control …
Ca2+ Sensor Synaptotagmin-1 Mediates Exocytosis In Mammalian Photoreceptors, Justin J. Grassmeyer, Asia L. Cahill, Cassandra L. Hays, Cody Barta, Rolen M. Quadros, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, Wallace B. Thoreson
Ca2+ Sensor Synaptotagmin-1 Mediates Exocytosis In Mammalian Photoreceptors, Justin J. Grassmeyer, Asia L. Cahill, Cassandra L. Hays, Cody Barta, Rolen M. Quadros, Channabasavaiah B. Gurumurthy, Wallace B. Thoreson
Journal Articles: Pharmacology & Experimental Neuroscience
To encode light-dependent changes in membrane potential, rod and cone photoreceptors utilize synaptic ribbons to sustain continuous exocytosis while making rapid, fine adjustments to release rate. Release kinetics are shaped by vesicle delivery down ribbons and by properties of exocytotic Ca2+ sensors. We tested the role for synaptotagmin-1 (Syt1) in photoreceptor exocytosis by using novel mouse lines in which Syt1 was conditionally removed from rods or cones. Photoreceptors lacking Syt1 exhibited marked reductions in exocytosis as measured by electroretinography and single-cell recordings. Syt1 mediated all evoked release in cones, whereas rods appeared capable of some slow Syt1-independent release. Spontaneous …
Microglia Are Both A Source And Target Of Extracellular Cyclophilin A, Gurkiran Kaur Flora, Ryan S. Anderton, Bruno P. Meloni, Gilles J. Guillemin, Neville W. Knuckey, Gabriella Macdougall, Vance Matthews, Sherif Boulos
Microglia Are Both A Source And Target Of Extracellular Cyclophilin A, Gurkiran Kaur Flora, Ryan S. Anderton, Bruno P. Meloni, Gilles J. Guillemin, Neville W. Knuckey, Gabriella Macdougall, Vance Matthews, Sherif Boulos
Health Sciences Papers and Journal Articles
Glioblastoma (GBM) are lethal primary brain tumours whose pathogenesis is aided, at least partly, via a pro-tumorigenic microenvironment. This study investigated whether microglia, a cell component of the GBM microenvironment, mediates pro-tumorigenic properties via the action of cyclophilin A (CypA), a potent secretable chemokine and cytoprotectant that signals via the cell surface receptor, CD147. To this end, intracellular and secreted CypA expression was assessed in human primary microglia and BV2 microglial cells treated with the endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the oxidative stress inducer, LY83583. We report that human primary microglia and BV2 microglia both express CypA and CD147, and that …
The Bionic Brain: Pragmatic Neuroethics And The Moral Plausibility Of Cognitive Enhancement, Peter A. Depergola Ii
The Bionic Brain: Pragmatic Neuroethics And The Moral Plausibility Of Cognitive Enhancement, Peter A. Depergola Ii
Philosophy, Theology and Religious Studies Faculty Publications
The seemingly infinite possibilities of contemporary neuroscience span from the augmentation of memory, executive function, appetite, libido, sleep, and mood, to the maturation and development of emotional health and personality. These prospects hint at the capacity to alter neurocognitive conceptions of reality. They also mark the unavoidable inculcation of nuanced individual responses, perhaps radical, to these “tailor- made” perceptions. Hence, there exists certain neuroethical, and even more generally, existential risks within this fascinating and expeditious enterprise. The primary question in the context of present-day neurotechnology is not what can be done, but what should be. To that end, this paper …
The Bionic Brain: Pragmatic Neuroethics And The Moral Plausibility Of Cognitive Enhancement, Peter A. Depergola Ii
The Bionic Brain: Pragmatic Neuroethics And The Moral Plausibility Of Cognitive Enhancement, Peter A. Depergola Ii
Journal of Health Ethics
The seemingly infinite possibilities of contemporary neuroscience span from the augmentation of memory, executive function, appetite, libido, sleep, and mood, to the maturation and development of emotional health and personality. These prospects hint at the capacity to alter neurocognitive conceptions of reality. They also mark the unavoidable inculcation of nuanced individual responses, perhaps radical, to these “tailor- made” perceptions. Hence, there exists certain neuroethical, and even more generally, existential risks within this fascinating and expeditious enterprise. The primary question in the context of present-day neurotechnology is not what can be done, but what should be. To that end, this paper …
Neurohype And The Law: A Cautionary Tale, Stephen J. Morse
Neurohype And The Law: A Cautionary Tale, Stephen J. Morse
All Faculty Scholarship
This chapter suggests that for conceptual, empirical, and practical reasons, neuroscience in general and non-invasive brain imaging in particular are not likely to revolutionize the law and our conception of ourselves, but may make modest contributions to legal policy and case adjudication if the legal relevance of the science is properly understood.
Pain, Severity, And Attentional Capacity Following Acute Musculoskeletal Injury, Rebekah F. Roessler
Pain, Severity, And Attentional Capacity Following Acute Musculoskeletal Injury, Rebekah F. Roessler
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Background: As recreational activities grow in popularity, there is a concurrent rise in musculoskeletal injury. Injury severity is determined through clinical evaluation and defined by a grading scale. Pain is included in the definition of each injury grade, despite the lack of any conclusive evidence relating injury severity and the associated pain. Additionally, previous studies report impairments in cognitive performance due to chronic and acute pain. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the perceived pain intensity and the clinically diagnosed severity of an acute musculoskeletal injury, and to determine if attentional capacity is influenced by …