Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Ecstasy (Mdma) And Its Relationship With Self Report Depression, Anxiety And Schizotypy, Lisa Woods, Emma Barkus

Emma Barkus

Abstract. Aims: The relationship between ecstasy and affective psychological symptoms are still subject to debate. We aimed to examine the relationship between Ecstasy use and self-report depression, anxiety and schizotypy. Design: Data were collected via structured remote self-report questionnaires. Participants: Participants were split into three groups: a control group with no ecstasy use, a light ecstasy user group (<50 >times), and a heavy ecstasy user group (>50 times). Measurements: Amount and patterns of ecstasy use were recorded, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) measured depression and anxiety respectively, and schizotypal traits were measured using the …

Anxiety Over Living In Society In Juvenile Delinquents Being Prepared For Discharge From Observation And Protection Centers, D Somboonpong, P. Chandarasiri

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Anxiety or nervousness originated from anticipations is formed in thoughts of each person that they would be in danger. This causes him/her to feel inefficient, it is unnecessarily wasting of mental health. In addition, anxiety is one of most the serious obstacles to success in life or occupation achievement. Thus, the studying of anxiety level and other factors causing anxiety to a juvenile delinquents preparing to discharge are necessary in order to be a guideline in deducing and preventing the anxiety is necessary. This helps the juvenile who are about to be discharged can take normal steps in …

Predictors Of Topical Anesthetic Effectiveness In Children, Charmaine Kleiber, D. Schutte, Ann Mccarthy, M. Floria-Santos, J. Murray, Kirsten Hanrahan

Ann Marie McCarthy

Some children report significant pain with peripheral intravenous catheter (IV) insertion, despite the appropriate use of topical lidocaine anesthetics. This analysis of data from an existing study identified factors related to variation in topical anesthetic effectiveness used for IV insertion. The children (n = 218) in this investigation were 4 to 10 years old and undergoing a scheduled IV insertion. Inclusion criteria were (1) topical anesthetic was used according to manufacturer's recommendations, (2) DNA material was available, and (3) child completed a self-report measure of pain intensity (Oucher scale). Low pain phenotype was defined as a pain intensity score of …

Accuracy Of Educator Nominations In Identifying Students With Elevated Levels Of Anxiety And Depression, Jennifer Cunningham

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Internalizing disorders, specifically depression and anxiety, affect up to 18% and 33% of youth, respectively (Costello, Egger, & Angold, 2005b). Schools have become a major provider of mental health services to children, primarily in attempts to overcome barriers to receiving community services (Farmer, Burns, Philip, Angold, & Costello, 2003). As such, it is important that schools have effective mechanisms in place to accurately identify students who may be in need of such services. The current study examined the accuracy of one such method, educator nominations (including from both teachers and school-based mental health professionals) in identifying students who self-report elevated …

Appropriate Medication Prescribing In Elderly Patients: How Knowledgeable Are Primary Care Physicians? A Survey Study In Parma, Italy., Vittorio Maio, Pharmd, Ms, Mph, Eric Jutkowitz, Ba, Karina Herrera Ba, Ms, Safiya Abouzaid Pharmd, Giavanna Negri, Pharmd, Stefano Del Canale, Md, Phd

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

What is known and Objective:  Increasing attention is being paid to inappropriate medication prescribing for the elderly. A growing body of studies have detected a prevalence of inappropriate prescribing ranging from 12% to 40% worldwide, including Regione Emilia-Romagna, Italy. To improve quality of prescribing, a multi-phase pilot project in the Local Health Unit (LHU) of Parma, Regione Emilia-Romagna, was established. This phase aimed to assess primary care physicians' knowledge of appropriate prescribing in elderly patients. Methods:  In total, 155 primary care physicians (51% of the total), convened by the LHU of Parma for an educational session, were asked to complete …

Prenatal Maternal Anxiety And Early Childhood Temperament, Megan M. Blair, Laura M. Glynn, Curt A. Sandman, Elysia Poggi Davis

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

The consequences of exposure to prenatal maternal anxiety for the development of child temperament were examined in a sample of 120 healthy, 2-year-old children. Prenatal maternal state and pregnancy-specific anxiety (PSA) were measured five times during pregnancy, and maternal state anxiety was measured again at 2 years post partum. Child temperament was measured at 2 years using the Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire. The relationship between the trajectory of maternal anxiety across gestation and negative affectivity was evaluated using hierarchical linear growth curve modeling. Higher maternal PSA between 13 and 17 weeks of gestation was associated with increased negative temperament …

Anxiety About Job Application In Senior Undergraduate Students, P Ua-Ariyapanichkul, C. Nimnuan

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Objective : The purpose of this cross-sectional descriptive study is to explore the level of anxiety and its associated factors regarding job application in senior undergraduate students of Chulalongkorn University. Materials and Methods : Four hundred senior undergraduate students who are searching for jobs after graduation, not in pursuit of a Master Degree or those who already have reserved work. The research instruments were, namely: a demographic questionnaire, and a questionnaire on anxiety about job application. Results : The results showed mean and SD regarding the anxiety about job application score were 58.9 and 12.96 respectively. The possible score range …

Dysfunctional Attitudes And Low Self-Esteem Mediate The Effect Of Attachment Anxiety Priming On Depression, Cassandra C. Devito

Honors Theses

Previous studies regarding the relationship between attachment anxiety and depression and the mediating roles of dysfunctional attitudes and self-esteem have been correlational in nature. The current study used an experimental design to look at these relationships. Attachment style was determined using a shortened version of the Experiences in Close Relationships Scale, and then either secure attachment, anxious attachment, or a control of grocery shopping was primed by instructing participants to write about one of the three scenarios. Dysfunctional attitudes were assessed, followed by state self-esteem and then state depression. Multiple regression analyses revealed that trait attachment anxiety and the anxiety …

Primary Care Providers’ Perceptions Of Mental And Behavioral Health Problems In Frontier Areas Of Idaho, Alexander A. Theiler

Boise State University Theses and Dissertations

Depression and other significant mental and behavioral health (MBH) problems have not been well documented in frontier areas of Idaho. It has been suggested that residents of frontier areas access their primary care provider (PCP) for most of their general health and MBH needs. To determine PCPs’ perceptions of MBH issues in frontier areas of Idaho, surveys were sent to all 252 PCPs with a registered practice location in one of Idaho’s 26 frontier counties. The survey asked questions regarding the PCPs’ practice history, the percentage of their patients who have an MBH problem and what those MBH problems are, …

Depression And Anxiety In Patients With Epilepsy, With Or Without Other Chronic Disorders., A A Asadi-Pooya, M R Sperling

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Most people with epilepsy lead a normal emotional and cognitive life, however neurobehavioral problems can be found in a large number of patients. This study evaluates the prevalence of depression and anxiety among patients with epilepsy and determines whether having other chronic somatic illnesses increases the prevalence.

METHODS: Adults with epilepsy were recruited in either the inpatient epilepsy monitoring unit or the Outpatient Epilepsy Clinic at Thomas Jefferson University in 2006. Patients anonymously filled out a questionnaire, included data about age, sex, education, having other chronic illnesses, and degree of seizure control. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale was …

Linkages Between Anxiety And Outcomes In Heart Failure, Marla J. De Jong, Misook L. Chung, Jia-Rong Wu, Barbara Riegel, Mary Kay Rayens, Debra K. Moser

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

Objective: We investigated the relationship between anxiety and event-free survival (ie, composite endpoint of death, emergency department visits, or hospitalizations) for patients with heart failure (HF), and examined whether behavioral and physiologic mechanisms mediate any association between anxiety and outcomes.

Methods: In this longitudinal study, patients with HF completed the anxiety subscale of the Brief Symptom Inventory, and heart-rate variability and plasma norepinephrine levels were measured. Dietary adherence and medication adherence were measured according to 24-hour urine sodium level and the Medication Event Monitoring System, respectively. Patients were followed at least 1 year for event-free survival.

Results: In total, 147 …

Relationship Between Graduate Students’ Statistics Self-Efficacy, Statistics Anxiety, Attitude Toward Statistics, And Social Support, Michelle Perepiczka, Nichelle Chandler, Michael Becerra

School of Counseling and Human Services Publications

Statistics plays an integral role in graduate programs. However, numerous intra- and interpersonal factors may lead to successful completion of needed coursework in this area. The authors examined the extent of the relationship between self-efficacy to learn statistics and statistics anxiety, attitude towards statistics, and social support of 166 graduate students enrolled in master’s and doctoral programs within colleges of education. Results indicated that statistics anxiety and attitude towards statistics were statistically significant predictors of self-efficacy to learn statistics, yet social support was not a statistically significant predictor of self-efficacy. Insight into how this population responds to statistics courses and …

The Relationship Of Anxiety, Coping, Thinking Style, Life Satisfaction, Social Support, And Selected Demographics Among Young Adult College Students, Jihan Saber Raja Mahmoud

University of Kentucky Doctoral Dissertations

Anxiety is prevalent among 13 % of young adult college students and is associated with emotional and behavioral consequences that adversely affect their mental and physical well-being. The major challenge for implementing evidence-based interventions is the lack of a multidimensional approach for evaluating anxiety in this population.

The purpose of this dissertation was to develop an evidence-based theoretical framework for studying the phenomenon of anxiety in young adult college students. Three studies were conducted to achieve this purpose. First, the psychometric properties of the 21-item shortened version of the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) were evaluated in a sample …

Anxiety Phenotype In Mice That Overexpress Protein Kinase A, Margaret F. Keil, George Briassoulis, Nirmal Gokarn, Maria Nesterova, T. John Wu, Constantine A. Stratakis

Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences

The role of cyclic adenosine monophosphate/protein kinase A (cAMP/PKA) signaling in the molecular pathways involved in fear and memory is well established. Prior studies in our lab reported that transgenic mice with an inactivating mutation in Prkar1a gene (codes for the 1-alpha regulatory subunit (R1α) of PKA) exhibited behavioral abnormalities including anxiety and depression. In the present study, we examined the role of altered PKA signaling on anxiety-like behaviors in Prkar1a^+/- mice compared to wild-type (WT) littermates. The elevated plus maze (EPM) and marble bury (MB) tests were used to assess anxiety-like behavior. The hotplate test was performed to …

Making A Splash: Eliminating Water Phobia And Increasing Confident Water Skills, Paula Elizabeth Chan

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to utilize a multi-component intervention to increase confident water skills for three typically developing children, and to evaluate whether fearful behaviors decreased as the intervention progressed. The intervention, comprised of goal setting, self-monitoring, behavioral skills training and positive reinforcement, was used in community pools to teach basic water skills. Results suggest the intervention was successful in increasing confident water skills, while intervals with positive affect and fearful behaviors demonstrated variability.

Prenatal Maternal Stress Programs Infant Stress Regulation, Elyssia Poggi Davis, Laura M. Glynn, Feizal Waffarn, Curt A. Sandman

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Objective: Prenatal exposure to inappropriate levels of glucocorticoids (GCs) and maternal stress are putative mechanisms for the fetal programming of later health outcomes. The current investigation examined the influence of prenatal maternal cortisol and maternal psychosocial stress on infant physiological and behavioral responses to stress.

Methods: The study sample comprised 116 women and their full term infants. Maternal plasma cortisol and report of stress, anxiety and depression were assessed at 15, 19, 25, 31 and 36 + weeks' gestational age. Infant cortisol and behavioral responses to the painful stress of a heel-stick blood draw were evaluated at 24 hours after …

Relationship Between Graduate Students' Statistics Self-Efficacy, Statistics Anxiety, Attitude Toward Statistics, And Social Support, Michelle Perepiczka, Nichelle Chandler, Michael Becerra

Walden Faculty and Staff Publications

Statistics plays an integral role in graduate programs. However, numerous intra- and interpersonal factors may lead to successful completion of needed coursework in this area. The authors examined the extent of the relationship between self-efficacy to learn statistics and statistics anxiety, attitude towards statistics, and social support of 166 graduate students enrolled in master’s and doctoral programs within colleges of education. Results indicated that statistics anxiety and attitude towards statistics were statistically significant predictors of self-efficacy to learn statistics, yet social support was not a statistically significant predictor of self-efficacy. Insight into how this population responds to statistics courses and …