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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Incentives For Orphan Drug Research And Development In The United States, Rosa Rodriguez-Monguio, Enrique Seoane-Vazquez, Sheryl Szeinbach, Jay Visaria
Incentives For Orphan Drug Research And Development In The United States, Rosa Rodriguez-Monguio, Enrique Seoane-Vazquez, Sheryl Szeinbach, Jay Visaria
Rosa Rodriguez-Monguio
Background The Orphan Drug Act (1983) established several incentives to encourage the development of orphan drugs (ODs) to treat rare diseases and conditions. This study analyzed the characteristics of OD designations, approvals, sponsors, and evaluated the effective patent and market exclusivity life of orphan new molecular entities (NMEs) approved in the US between 1983 and 2007. Methods Primary data sources were the FDA Orange Book, the FDA Office of Orphan Drugs Development, and the US Patent and Trademark Office. Data included all orphan designations and approvals listed by the FDA and all NMEs approved by the FDA during the study …
Incorporating Home Demands Into Models Of Job Strain: Findings From The Work, Family & Health Network, Karen Ertel, K. Koenen, L. Berkman
Incorporating Home Demands Into Models Of Job Strain: Findings From The Work, Family & Health Network, Karen Ertel, K. Koenen, L. Berkman
Karen A. Ertel
Objective—To integrate home demands with the Demand-Control-Support model to test if home demands interact with job strain to increase depressive symptoms. Methods—Data were from 431 employees in four extended care facilities. Presence of a child under age 18 in the household signified home demands. The outcome was depressive symptoms based on a shortened version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results—The association between job strain and depressive symptoms was moderated by social support (SS) and presence of a child in the household (child). There was no association among participants with high SS and no child, but a positive …
Sources Of Particulate Matter In The Northeastern United States In Summer: 1. Direct Emissions And Secondary Formation Of Organic Matter In Urban Plumes, J. A. De Gouw, C. A. Brock, E. L. Atlas, T. S. Bates, F. C. Fehsenfeld, P. D. Goldan, J. S. Holloway, W.C. Kuster, B. M. Lerner, B. M. Matthew, A. M. Middlebrook, T. B. Onasch, Richard Peltier, P. K. Quinn, C. J. Senff, A. Stohl, A. P. Sullivan, M. Trainer, C. Warneke, R. J. Weber, E. J. Williams
Sources Of Particulate Matter In The Northeastern United States In Summer: 1. Direct Emissions And Secondary Formation Of Organic Matter In Urban Plumes, J. A. De Gouw, C. A. Brock, E. L. Atlas, T. S. Bates, F. C. Fehsenfeld, P. D. Goldan, J. S. Holloway, W.C. Kuster, B. M. Lerner, B. M. Matthew, A. M. Middlebrook, T. B. Onasch, Richard Peltier, P. K. Quinn, C. J. Senff, A. Stohl, A. P. Sullivan, M. Trainer, C. Warneke, R. J. Weber, E. J. Williams
Richard E. Peltier
Ship and aircraft measurements of aerosol organic matter (OM) and water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC) were made in fresh and aged pollution plumes from major urban areas in the northeastern United States in the framework of the 2004 International Consortium for Atmospheric Research on Transport and Transformation (ICARTT) study. A large part of the variability in the data was quantitatively described by a simple parameterization from a previous study that uses measured mixing ratios of CO and either the transport age or the photochemical age of the sampled air masses. The results suggest that OM was mostly due to secondary formation …
Apportionment Of Primary And Secondary Organic Aerosols In Southern California During The 2005 Study Of Organic Aerosols In Riverside (Soar-1), Kenneth Docherty, Elizabeth Stone, Ingrid Ulbrich, Peter Decarlo, David C. Snyder, James Schauer, Richard Peltier, Rodney Weber, Shane Murphy, John Seinfeld, Brett Grover, Delbert Eatough, Jose Jimenez
Apportionment Of Primary And Secondary Organic Aerosols In Southern California During The 2005 Study Of Organic Aerosols In Riverside (Soar-1), Kenneth Docherty, Elizabeth Stone, Ingrid Ulbrich, Peter Decarlo, David C. Snyder, James Schauer, Richard Peltier, Rodney Weber, Shane Murphy, John Seinfeld, Brett Grover, Delbert Eatough, Jose Jimenez
Richard E. Peltier
Ambient sampling was conducted in Riverside, California during the 2005 Study of Organic Aerosols in Riverside to characterize the composition and sources of organic aerosol using a variety of state-of-the-art instrumentation and source apportionment techniques. The secondary organic aerosol (SOA) mass is estimated by elemental carbon and carbon monoxide tracer methods, water soluble organic carbon content, chemical mass balance of organic molecular markers, and positive matrix factorization of high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer data. Estimates obtained from each of these methods indicate that the organic fraction in ambient aerosol is overwhelmingly secondary in nature during a period of several weeks with …