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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Career Development For Transition-Aged Youth With Emotional Disturbances: Exemplary Practices Of Florida Mental Health And Substance Abuse Agencies, Mason G. Haber, Troy Loker, Nicole Deschenes, Hewitt B. Clark Dec 2008

Career Development For Transition-Aged Youth With Emotional Disturbances: Exemplary Practices Of Florida Mental Health And Substance Abuse Agencies, Mason G. Haber, Troy Loker, Nicole Deschenes, Hewitt B. Clark

Mason G. Haber

Though an emerging literature on career development practices for transition-age youth with emotional disturbances (TAY w/ED) exists, this literature has not been systematically reviewed. In addition, efforts by publicly-funded sites in Florida to implement such programs have not been comprehensively described. The current project is designed to advance these aims to provide a basis for expanded implementation of career development programs for TAY w/ED in the state.


Preschool Parent-Pediatrician Consultations And Predictive Referral Patterns For Problematic Behaviors, John Fanton, Brittany Macdonald, Elizabeth Harvey Dec 2008

Preschool Parent-Pediatrician Consultations And Predictive Referral Patterns For Problematic Behaviors, John Fanton, Brittany Macdonald, Elizabeth Harvey

Elizabeth (Lisa) Harvey

Objective—The present study examined parents’ reports of the frequency, nature, and outcome of pediatrician consultation and interventions about significant preschool behavior problems. Method—Parents were asked whether they consulted or not with their pediatric providers about disruptive behavioral problems during a longitudinal study of preschool children. Results—Eighty 4-year-old children had parents who had consulted with their pediatricians versus 90 children whose parents did not. Children who eventually met criteria for Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) or Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) two years later, received different pediatric interventions at age 4 than children who did not have a diagnosis, χ2 (2) = …


New Episodes And New Onsets Of Major Depression In Borderline And Other Personality Disorders, John G. Gunderson, Robert L. Stout, Charles A. Sanislow, M. Tracie Shea, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Mary C. Zanarini, Maria T. Daversa, Carlos M. Grilo, Shirley Yen, Andrew E. Skodol Nov 2008

New Episodes And New Onsets Of Major Depression In Borderline And Other Personality Disorders, John G. Gunderson, Robert L. Stout, Charles A. Sanislow, M. Tracie Shea, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Mary C. Zanarini, Maria T. Daversa, Carlos M. Grilo, Shirley Yen, Andrew E. Skodol

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Background: In the context of much literature and conjecture about the relationship of personality disorders (PD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), this paper uses longitudinal data to assess the frequency with which PD patients, and especially those with borderline personality disorder (BPD), have recurrences (for patients with lifetime histories), or new onsets (for patients without lifetime histories) of MDD. Methods: A sample of 478 PD patients received reliable repeated follow-up assessments over a period of 6 years. The rates of new onsets and recurrences of MDD in all PD patients, and in BPD patients compared to OPD patients were analyzed. …


Personality Traits And Mental Health Treatment Utilization, Christopher J. Hopwood, Brian D. Quigley, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Shirley Yen, M. Tracie Shea, Mary C. Zanarini, John G. Gunderson, Andrew E. Skodol, John C. Markowitz, Leslie C. Morey Oct 2008

Personality Traits And Mental Health Treatment Utilization, Christopher J. Hopwood, Brian D. Quigley, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Shirley Yen, M. Tracie Shea, Mary C. Zanarini, John G. Gunderson, Andrew E. Skodol, John C. Markowitz, Leslie C. Morey

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Recent theory and research suggest a relation between five-factor model personality traits and mental health treatment utilization, even after controlling for psychiatric disorders and global functioning. The current report further tests this hypothesis in a large clinical sample, using a wider array of treatment modalities than has been previously studied. Overall, results were limited and inconsistent. Although neuroticism was related to utilization across treatment modalities, many of these relationships resulted from its association with psychiatric diagnoses. Other traits showed limited and inconsistent relations to the use of psychosocial and psychiatric treatments.


A Comparison Of Interview And Self-Report Methods For The Assessment Of Borderline Personality Disorder Criteria, Christopher J. Hopwood, Leslie C. Morey, Maria Orlando Edelen, M. Tracie Shea, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Maria T. Daversa, John G. Gunderson, Mary C. Zanarini, John C. Markowitz, Andrew E. Skodol Feb 2008

A Comparison Of Interview And Self-Report Methods For The Assessment Of Borderline Personality Disorder Criteria, Christopher J. Hopwood, Leslie C. Morey, Maria Orlando Edelen, M. Tracie Shea, Carlos M. Grilo, Charles A. Sanislow, Thomas H. Mcglashan, Maria T. Daversa, John G. Gunderson, Mary C. Zanarini, John C. Markowitz, Andrew E. Skodol

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

Interview methods are widely regarded as the standard for the diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD), whereas self-report methods are considered a time-efficient alternative. However, the relative validity of these methods has not been sufficiently tested. The current study used data from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality disorder Study to compare diagnostic base rates and the relative validity of interview and self-report methods for assessing functional outcome in BPD. Although self-report yielded higher base rates of criteria endorsement, results did not support the common assumption that diagnostic interviews are more valid than self-reports, but instead indicated the combined use of these …


Robert Charles Carson (1930-2006): Obituary, Charles A. Sanislow Jan 2008

Robert Charles Carson (1930-2006): Obituary, Charles A. Sanislow

Charles A. Sanislow, Ph.D.

No abstract provided.


Popular Self-Help Books For Anxiety, Depression, And Trauma: How Scientifically Grounded And Useful Are They?, Richard Redding, Evan Forman, Brandon Gaudiano, James Herbert Jan 2008

Popular Self-Help Books For Anxiety, Depression, And Trauma: How Scientifically Grounded And Useful Are They?, Richard Redding, Evan Forman, Brandon Gaudiano, James Herbert

Richard E. Redding

Self-help books for psychological disorders have become increasingly popular, yet there is surprisingly little research on their scientific status or overall utility. The authors identified 50 top-selling self-help books for anxiety, depressive, and trauma-related disorders. Using a scale derived from the literature on bibliotherapy, expert psychologists rated each book on overall usefulness, grounding in psychological science, the extent to which it offers reasonable expectations, the extent to which it offers specific guidance for implementing the self-help techniques and for monitoring treatment progress, and whether it offers potentially harmful advice. The results revealed strong intercorrelations among the scales, such that books …


Development Of Proportional Reasoning: Where Young Children Go Wrong, Ty W. Boyer, Susan C. Levine, Janellen Huttenlocher Jan 2008

Development Of Proportional Reasoning: Where Young Children Go Wrong, Ty W. Boyer, Susan C. Levine, Janellen Huttenlocher

Ty W. Boyer

Previous studies have found that children have difficulty solving proportional reasoning problems involving discrete units until 10 to 12 years of age, but can solve parallel problems involving continuous quantities by 6 years of age. The present studies examine where children go wrong in processing proportions that involve discrete quantities. A computerized proportional equivalence choice task was administered to kindergartners through 4th-graders in Study 1, and to 1st- and 3rd-graders in Study 2. Both studies involved 4 between-subjects conditions that were formed by pairing continuous and discrete target proportions with continuous and discrete choice alternatives. In Study 1, target and …


Exploring The Versatility Of Telemedicine In Diverse Medical Arenas, Pennie Seibert, Tiffany Whitmore, Carin Patterson, Caitlin Otto, Michael Ward, Missy Coblentz, Nichole Whitener, Christian Zimmerman Dec 2007

Exploring The Versatility Of Telemedicine In Diverse Medical Arenas, Pennie Seibert, Tiffany Whitmore, Carin Patterson, Caitlin Otto, Michael Ward, Missy Coblentz, Nichole Whitener, Christian Zimmerman

Pennie S. Seibert

No abstract provided.


Social Psychological Aspects Of Communication And Aging, Marie Savundranayagam, E. Ryan Dec 2007

Social Psychological Aspects Of Communication And Aging, Marie Savundranayagam, E. Ryan

Marie Y Savundranayagam

Language plays an important role in defining identities in older adulthood. Both self-perception and others' perceptions of older adults are reflected through language used by older and younger adults (see recent texts: de Bot & Makoni, 2005; Harwood, 2007; Hummert & Nussbaum, 2001; Nussbaum & Coupland, 2004). In this review, we outline key theoretical perspectives on the study of communication with older adults and provide evidence supporting these perspectives within the context of age stereotypes, intergenerational communication, cross-cultural communication, and health care encounters. Given that communication is an interactive process, we discuss how older adults use language and communication to …


Ethnic, Cultural, & Socioeconomic Factors Influencing The Selection, Use And Interpretation Of Measures., M Rubio-Stipek, I Canino, M Hicks, M Tsuang Dec 2007

Ethnic, Cultural, & Socioeconomic Factors Influencing The Selection, Use And Interpretation Of Measures., M Rubio-Stipek, I Canino, M Hicks, M Tsuang

Madelyn Hsiao-Rei Hicks

No abstract provided.


Alexander Crichton On The Psychopathology Of The Passions, Louis Charland Dec 2007

Alexander Crichton On The Psychopathology Of The Passions, Louis Charland

Louis C. Charland

No abstract provided.


A Moral Line In The Sand: Sir Alexander Crichton And Philippe Pinel On The Psychopathology Of The Passions, Louis Charland Dec 2007

A Moral Line In The Sand: Sir Alexander Crichton And Philippe Pinel On The Psychopathology Of The Passions, Louis Charland

Louis C. Charland

No abstract provided.


Reducing Adolescents' Perceived Barriers To Treatment And Increasing Help-Seeking Intentions: Effects Of Classroom Presentations By General Practitioners., Coralie J. Wilson Dec 2007

Reducing Adolescents' Perceived Barriers To Treatment And Increasing Help-Seeking Intentions: Effects Of Classroom Presentations By General Practitioners., Coralie J. Wilson

Coralie J Wilson

The Building Bridges to General Practice (BBGP) program is an outreach initiative (written by the first author). It aims to reduce young peoples’ perceived knowledge- and belief-based barriers to engaging in treatment and to increase their behavioral intentions to consult a general medical practitioner (GP) for physical and psychological problems. By increasing intentions, the BBGP program aims to increase actual consultations with a GP for both types of problem. The current paper is the first of a series that report results from a larger multi-cite research project, developed and led by the first author, which examines the impact of BBGP …


Reducing Adolescents' Perceived Barriers To Treatment And Increasing Help-Seeking Intentions: Effects Of Classroom Presentations By General Practitioners., Coralie J. Wilson Dec 2007

Reducing Adolescents' Perceived Barriers To Treatment And Increasing Help-Seeking Intentions: Effects Of Classroom Presentations By General Practitioners., Coralie J. Wilson

Frank Deane

The Building Bridges to General Practice (BBGP) program is an outreach initiative (written by the first author). It aims to reduce young peoples’ perceived knowledge- and belief-based barriers to engaging in treatment and to increase their behavioral intentions to consult a general medical practitioner (GP) for physical and psychological problems. By increasing intentions, the BBGP program aims to increase actual consultations with a GP for both types of problem. The current paper is the first of a series that report results from a larger multi-cite research project, developed and led by the first author, which examines the impact of BBGP …


Exploring The Mental Health Of Black Men Who Have Sex With Men, Louis F. Graham, Kisha Braithwaite, Pilgram Spikes, Charles F. Stephens, Ugo F. Edu Dec 2007

Exploring The Mental Health Of Black Men Who Have Sex With Men, Louis F. Graham, Kisha Braithwaite, Pilgram Spikes, Charles F. Stephens, Ugo F. Edu

Louis F Graham

Current research indicates that black men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately burdened by depressive distress and anxiety disorders as compared to their white gay and heterosexual counterparts. This study utilizes focus groups to qualitatively explore issues surrounding the mental health status of this population in an attempt to shed light on potential influencing and determinant factors. Twenty-two self-identified black, or multiracial including black, MSM residing in Atlanta, Georgia participated in two focus groups—11 subjects each, respectively. Categories that emerged from data analysis include: knowledge/experiences, attitudes/beliefs, societal action/behavior, identity development, relationship functionality, and mental health status. Overarching themes …