Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Therapeutic Electromagnetic Field (Temf) And Gamma Irradiation On Human Breast Cancer Xenograft Growth, Angiogenesis And Metastasis, Ivan L. Cameron, Luzhe Sun, Nicholas Short, W. Elaine Hardman, C. Douglas Williams

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Background

The effects of a rectified semi-sinewave signal (15 mT amplitude, 120 pulses per second, EMF Therapeutics, Inc.) (TEMF) alone and in combination with gamma irradiation (IR) therapy in nude mice bearing a human MDA MB231 breast cancer xenograft were tested. Green fluorescence protein transfected cancer cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of young female mice. Six weeks later, mice were randomly divided into four treatment groups: untreated controls; 10 minute daily TEMF; 200 cGy of IR every other day (total 800 cGy); IR plus daily TEMF. Some mice in each group were euthanized 24 hours after the …

Endothelial Cell Pseudopods And Angiogenesis Of Breast Cancer Tumors, Ivan L. Cameron, Nicholas Short, Luzhe Sun, W. Elaine Hardman

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Background

A neoplastic tumor cannot grow beyond a millimeter or so in diameter without recruitment of endothelial cells and new blood vessels to supply nutrition and oxygen for tumor cell survival. This study was designed to investigate formation of new blood vessels within a human growing breast cancer tumor model (MDA MB231 in mammary fat pad of nude female mouse). Once the tumor grew to 35 mm³, it developed a well-vascularized capsule. Histological sections of tumors greater than 35 mm³were stained with PAS, with CD-31 antibody (an endothelial cell maker), or with hypoxia inducible factor 1α …

Dietary Omega-3 Fatty Acids And Ionizing Irradiation On Human Breast Cancer Xenograft Growth And Angiogenesis, W. Elaine Hardman, Luzhe Sun, Nicholas Short, Ivan L. Cameron

Biochemistry and Microbiology

Background

The effects of an omega-3 (n-3) fatty acid enriched diet alone and in combination with gamma irradiation (IR) therapy in nude mice bearing a human MDA-MB231 breast cancer xenograft were tested. The cancer cells were injected into the mammary fat pad of young female mice. Six weeks later, mice were randomly divided into two diet groups: 1) mice with 10% corn oil (rich in omega 6 fatty acids) in their food, 2) mice consuming a 10% fat diet that was enriched in n-3 fatty acids. After two weeks on the diet, treatment with 200 cGy of IR every second …

Defective B Cell Responses In The Absence Of Sh2d1a, Massimo Morra, Robert A. Barrington, Ana C. Abadia-Molina, Susumo Okamoto, Aimee Julien, Charles A. Gullo Phd, Anuj Kalsy, Matthew J. Edwards, Gang Chen, Rosanne Spolski, Warren J. Leonard, Brigitte T. Huber, Persephone Borrow, Christine A. Biron A. Biron, Abhay R. Satoskar, Michael C. Carroll, Cox Terhorst

Biochemistry and Microbiology

More than half of patients with X-linked lympho-proliferative disease, which is caused by a defect in the intracellular adapter protein SH2D1A, suffer from an extreme susceptibility to Epstein-Barr virus. One-third of these patients, however, develop dysgammaglobulenemia without an episode of severe mononucleosis. Here we show that in SH2D1A-/- mice, both primary and secondary responses of all Ig subclasses are severely impaired in response to specific antigens. Because germinal centers were absent in SH2D1A-/- mice upon primary immunization, and because SH2D1A was detectable in wt germinal center B cells, we examined whether SH2D1A-/- B cell functions were impaired. Using the adoptive …

Effects Of Aging On Pressure-Induced Mapk Activation In The Rat Aorta, Kevin M. Rice

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

With age, the cardiovascular system experiences substantial alterations in cellular morphology and function. The factors regulating these changes are unknown; however, the mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways have emerged as critical components for mediating numerous cellular responses including control of cell growth, differentiation and adaptation. Here we compare the expression, basal activation and the ability of increased pressure to activate the MAPK pathways in adult (6 month old), aged (30 month old) and very aged (36 month old) Fischer 344 x Brown Norway F1 Hybrid rats. Histochemical analysis demonstrated an age-related increase in tunica media thickness of approximately 11% …

Effects Of Tamoxifen On Mitochondrial Nos Activity: Alteration In The Intramitochondrial Ca2+ Homeostasis, Sandeep S. Joshi

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Tamoxifen (Tam) is an anticancer drug that induces oxidative stress and apoptosis via mitochondria- and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent pathways. Here, we report that therapeutic concentrations of Tam stimulate the mitochondrial NO synthase (mtNOS) activity of isolated rat liver mitochondria by increasing the intramitochondrial ionized Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_m). Tam decreases transmembrane potential (∆ψ) due to increased [Ca²⁺]_m that neutralizes the negative charges of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Thus, the present study reports a novel mechanism for the widely used anti- caner drug, Tam.