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Articles 1 - 7 of 7
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Heads Or Tails: Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials, Charles Weijer
Heads Or Tails: Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trials, Charles Weijer
Charles Weijer
No abstract provided.
Respect: Or, How Respect For Persons Became Respect For Autonomy, M. Therese Lysaught
Respect: Or, How Respect For Persons Became Respect For Autonomy, M. Therese Lysaught
M. Therese Lysaught
This article provides an intellectual archeology of how the term “respect” has functioned in the field of bioethics. I argue that over time the function of the term has shifted, with a significant turning point occurring in 1979. Prior to 1979, the term “respect” connoted primarily the notion of “respect for persons” which functioned as an umbrella which conferred protection to autonomous persons and those with compromised autonomy. But in 1979, with the First Edition of Principles of Biomedical Ethics by Beauchamp and Childress, and the report of the Ethical Advisory Board (EAB) of the (then) Department of Health, Education, …
Waiver Of Consent For Emergency Research, Andrew Mcrae, Charles Weijer
Waiver Of Consent For Emergency Research, Andrew Mcrae, Charles Weijer
Charles Weijer
No abstract provided.
When Are Research Risks Reasonable In Relation To Anticipated Benefits?, Charles Weijer, Paul Miller
When Are Research Risks Reasonable In Relation To Anticipated Benefits?, Charles Weijer, Paul Miller
Charles Weijer
The question "When are research risks reasonable in relation to anticipated benefits?" is at the heart of disputes in the ethics of clinical research. Institutional review boards are often criticized for inconsistent decision-making, a problem that is compounded by a number of contemporary controversies, including the ethics of research involving placebo controls, developing countries, incapable adults and emergency rooms. If this pressing ethical question is to be addressed in a principled way, then a systematic approach to the ethics of risk in research is required. Component analysis provides such a systematic approach.
The Quest For Legitimacy: Comment On Cox Macpherson's 'To Strengthen Consensus, Consult The Stakeholders', Charles Weijer
The Quest For Legitimacy: Comment On Cox Macpherson's 'To Strengthen Consensus, Consult The Stakeholders', Charles Weijer
Charles Weijer
No abstract provided.
The Ethical Analysis Of Risk In Intensive Care Unit Research, Charles Weijer
The Ethical Analysis Of Risk In Intensive Care Unit Research, Charles Weijer
Charles Weijer
Research in the intensive care unit (ICU) is commonly thought to pose 'serious risk' to study participants. This perception may be at the root of a variety of impediments to the conduct of clinical trials in the ICU setting. Component analysis offers a promising approach to the ethical analysis of ICU research. Because clinical trials commonly involve a mixture of study interventions, therapeutic and nontherapeutic procedures must be analyzed separately. Therapeutic procedures must meet the requirement of clinical equipoise. Risks associated with nontherapeutic procedures must be minimized consistent with sound scientific design, and be deemed reasonable in relation to the …
Dhandha, Dharma And Disease: Traditional Sex Work And Hiv/Aids In Rural India, J. O'Neil, Treena Orchard, J. Swarankar, J. Blanchard, K. Gurav, B. Barlaya, R. Patil, C. Hussain Khan, S. Moses
Dhandha, Dharma And Disease: Traditional Sex Work And Hiv/Aids In Rural India, J. O'Neil, Treena Orchard, J. Swarankar, J. Blanchard, K. Gurav, B. Barlaya, R. Patil, C. Hussain Khan, S. Moses
Dr. Treena Orchard
This paper discusses the results of two ethnographic studies with female sex workers in rural areas of Karnataka and Rajasthan, India. In particular, we focus on women whose socio-economic status, and religious and occupational practices, are part of sex work systems that have historical precedents such that they can be termed “traditional” sex workers. The approach taken in the ethnographic work was informed by current critical approaches in medical anthropology and public health. The paper argues that in the context of an expanding HIV/AIDS epidemic in rural areas of India, understanding the historical and structural factors that operate to perpetuate …