Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Racial And Ethnic Disparities In Alcohol-Attributed Deaths In The United States, 1999–2020, Ibraheem M. Karaye, Nasim Maleki, Ismaeel Yunusa Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

The disparities in alcohol-attributed death rates among different racial and ethnic groups in the United States (US) have received limited research attention. Our study aimed to examine the burden and trends in alcohol-attributed mortality rates in the US by race and ethnicity from 1999 to 2020. We used national mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide-ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research (CDC WONDER) database and employed the ICD-10 coding system to identify alcohol-related deaths. Disparity rate ratios were calculated using the Taylor series, and Joinpoint regression was used to analyze temporal trends and calculate annual and …

Retrospective Cohort Evaluating The Comparative Effectiveness Of Ceftaroline And Daptomycin As First-Line Therapies For Inpatient Treatment Of Diabetic Foot Infection In The United States Veterans Health Care System, Alyssa C. Eaves, Chengwen Teng Pharm.D., Ph.D., Kirk E. Evoy, Christopher R. Frei

Faculty Publications

Background Both ceftaroline and daptomycin are possible therapeutic options for diabetic foot infection (DFI) and both are active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection; however, no previous studies have evaluated their efectiveness head-to-head.

Objective This study compared hospital readmission and mortality proportions among patients receiving ceftaroline fosamil or daptomycin for DFI.

Patients and Methods This was a retrospective cohort, comparative efectiveness study of adults (aged ≥ 18 years) admitted to United States Veterans Health Care System hospitals with a diagnosis code for DFI between 1 October 2010 and 30 September 2014 with an electronic order for ceftaroline or daptomycin as …

Risk Of Opioid Overdose Associated With Concomitant Use Of Oxycodone And Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors, Ismaeel Yunusa, Joshua J. Gagne, Kazuki Yoshida, Katsiaryna Bykov

Faculty Publications

Importance Some selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) inhibit the enzymes responsible for the metabolism of oxycodone, a potent prescription opioid. The clinical consequences of this interaction on the risk of opioid overdose have not been elucidated.

Objective To compare opioid overdose rates in patients initiating oxycodone while taking SSRIs that are potent inhibitors of the cytochrome-P450 2D6 enzyme (CYP2D6) vs SSRIs that are not.

Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study included adults who initiated oxycodone while receiving SSRI therapy between 2000 and 2020 whose data were included in 3 US health insurance databases.

Exposures Use of SSRIs that strongly …

Trends In Insulin Prescribing For Patients With Diabetes During The Covid-19 Pandemic In The Us, Ismaeel Yunusa Ph.D., Bryan L. Love Pharm D., Chao Cai, Tessa Hastings, Claiborne E. Reeder, Elizabeh W. Blake, Cynthia Phillips

Faculty Publications

Introduction

For the approximately 7 million US individuals with diabetes who rely on insulin,¹ the number of insulin prescriptions rose steadily in the decade before the COVID-19 pandemic.² Reduced access to medical care and disruptions in supply related to the pandemic may have decreased access to insulin,³ with possible adverse consequences for diabetes control.⁴ Conversely, emergency Medicaid expansions that increased capacity for telemedicine services during the pandemic may have been associated with improved access to treatment.⁵ Therefore, this study aimed to assess whether changes to insulin prescription claims occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods

In …

Rabies Postexposure Prophylaxis In The United States: Opportunities To Improve Access, Coordination, And Delivery, Gavin T. Howington, Huy-Binh Nguyen, P Brandon Bookstaver, Peter Akpunonu, Joshua T. Swan

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Online Availability Of Fish Antibiotics And Documented Intent For Self-Medication, Weiwei Zhang, Austin Williams, Nicole Griffith, Jessica Gaskins, P Brandon Bookstaver

Faculty Publications

Self-medication and antibiotic utilization without healthcare oversight may lead to delayed appropriate treatment, transmission of communicable infections, untoward adverse events, and contribute to antimicrobial resistance. Previous data suggest people obtain over-the-counter (OTC) animal antibiotics for their personal use. This study examined the availability of OTC fish antibiotics online and the documented intent for self-medication. The authors conducted a web-based cross-sectional study using Google search engine to identify vendor websites selling fish antibiotics in the United States. Vendor websites were included if product information, consumer reviews, and comments were publicly available. Nine fish antibiotics were chosen due to their possibility of …