Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Reducing Medication Risks In Older Adult Drinkers, Faika Zanjani, Nancy Schoenberg, Catherine Martin, Richard Clayton

Gerontology Publications

Objectives: Prevalent concomitant alcohol and medication use among older adults is placing this group at risk for adverse health events. Given limited existing interventions to address concomitant alcohol and medication risk (AMR), a brief educational intervention was demonstrated. The purpose of the current study was to examine change in AMR behaviors 3 months post-education among older adult drinkers.

Methods: A convenience sample of 58 older adult drinkers (mean age = 72) was recruited and followed (n = 40; 70% at follow-up), from four pharmacies in rural Virginia.

Results: Findings indicated decreased alcohol consumption in high-risk drinkers.

Conclusion: Future research …

Pharmacy Staff Perspectives On Alcohol And Medication Interaction Prevention Among Older Rural Adults, Faika Zanjani, Hannah Allen, Rachel Vickers Smith, Demetra Antimisiaris, Nancy Schoenberg, Catherine Martin, Richard Clayton

Gerontology Publications

Older adults are at high risk for alcohol and medication interactions (AMI). Pharmacies have the potential to act as ideal locations for AMI education, as pharmacy staff play an important role in the community. This study examined the perspectives of pharmacy staff on AMI prevention programming messaging, potential barriers to and facilitators of older adult participation in such programming, and dissemination methods for AMI prevention information. Flyers, telephone calls, and site visits were used to recruit 31 pharmacy staff members who participated in semistructured interviews. A content analysis of interview transcriptions was conducted to identify major themes, categories, and subcategories. …

Alcoholic Liver Diseases, Stem Cell Disorder And Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Shoujun Gu, Shuyun Rao, Sobia Zaidi, Kazufumi Ohshiro, Jian Chen, Wilma Jogunoori, Jon White, Nagarajan Pattabiraman, Raja Mazumder, Anelia Horvath, Ray-Chang Wu, Sjhulin Li, Chu-Xia Deng, Rehan Akbani, Bibhuti Mishra, Lopa Mishra

Hepatobiliary Cancers: Pathobiology and Translational Advances

No abstract provided.

Screening And Brief Intervention For Alcohol Misuse In Older Adults: Training Outcomes Among Physicians And Other Healthcare Practitioners In Community-Based Settings, Constance L. Coogle, Myra G. Owens

Forensic Science Publications

Screening and brief intervention (SBI) is increasingly available to older adults who engage in at-risk drinking. This study examined the extent to which SBI training influenced the willingness of healthcare providers in a community-based hospital and other clinical settings to promote the implementation of SBI. Ninety-three healthcare practitioners (primarily physicians, nurses, and social workers) who attended SBI training were asked about their intentions to apply the information in their professional practice, as well as their enthusiasm about recommending the training to others in their profession. Although there were no differences among the professions in terms of commitment to apply the …

Contrasting Influences Of Drosophila White/Mini-White On Ethanol Sensitivity In Two Different Behavioral Assays, Robin F. Chan, Carol Atkinson Lewellyn, Jacqueline M. Deloyht, Kristyn Sennett, Scarlett Coffman, Matthew Hewitt, Jill C. Bettinger, John M. Warrick, Mike Grotewiel

Human and Molecular Genetics Publications

Background

The fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster has been used extensively to investigate genetic mechanisms of ethanol-related behaviors. Many past studies in flies, including studies from our laboratory, have manipulated gene expression using transposons carrying the genetic-phenotypic marker mini-white, a derivative of the endogenous gene white. Whether the mini-white transgenic marker or the endogenous white gene influence behavioral responses to acute ethanol exposure in flies has not been systematically investigated.

Methods

We manipulated mini-white and white expression via (i) transposons marked with mini-white, (ii) RNAi against mini-white and white and (iii) a null allele of white. We assessed ethanol sensitivity and …

Using Surveillance Data To Inform Community Action: The Effect Of Alcohol Sale Restrictions On Intentional Injury-Related Ambulance Pickups, Saba W. Masho, Diane L. Bishop, Torey Edmonds, Albert D. Farrell

Family Medicine and Population Health Publications

Youth violence disproportionately affects inner city, urban minority communities in the USA. This article illustrates the use of surveillance data to inform and evaluate community action directed at this serious problem. Community efforts in response to surveillance data indicating high rates of violence surrounding convenience stores with unrestricted alcohol beverage licenses provided a natural experiment to examine the impact of imposing licensing restrictions on intentional injury rates. Rates of ambulance pickups for intentional injuries in the 15- to 24-year-old population in five census tracts where alcoholic beverage sales were restricted were compared to five census tracts with similar demographic characteristics …

Associations Of Occupational Attributes And Excessive Drinking, Andrew J. Barnes, Frederick J. Zimmerman

Health Behavior and Policy Publications

Numerous work-related drinking mechanisms have been posited and, oftentimes, examined in isolation. We combined data from over 100 occupational attributes into several factors and tested the association of these factors with measures of alcohol use. We used the NLSY79 2006 wave, a U.S. representative sample of 6,426 workers ages 41 to 49 and the 2006 Occupational Information Network database (O*NET), a nationally representative sample of nearly 1,000 occupations. We conducted exploratory factor analysis on 119 occupational attributes and found three independent workplace characteristics – physical demands, job autonomy, and social engagement - explained the majority of the variation. We then …

Alcohol, Medications, And Older Adults, Mailtreyee Mohanty, Patricia Slattum

Case Studies from Age in Action

Educational Objectives

1. Describe patterns of simultaneous use of alcohol and Central Nervous System (CNS) - acting medications among older adults.

2. Understand the mechanisms of interaction between alcohol and CNS-acting medications and their consequences.

3. Identify strategies to prevent alcohol-medication interactions among older adults.

4. Recommend resources for older adults and service providers for identifying and managing problematic alcohol and medication use.

Strengthening Family Practices For Latino Families, Karen G. Chartier, Lirio K. Negroni, Michie N. Hesselbrock

Social Work Publications

The study examined the effectiveness of a culturally-adapted Strengthening Families Program (SFP) for Latinos to reduce risks for alcohol and drug use in children. Latino families, predominantly Puerto Rican, with a 9–12 year old child and a parent(s) with a substance abuse problem participated in the study. Pre- and post-tests were conducted with each family. Parental stress, parent-child dysfunctional relations, and child behavior problems were reduced in the families receiving the intervention; family hardiness and family attachment were improved. Findings contribute to the validation of the SFP with Latinos, and can be used to inform social work practice with Puerto …

Alcohol Problems In Young Adults Transitioning From Adolescence To Adulthood: The Association With Race And Gender, Karen G. Chartier, Michie N. Hesselbrock, Victor M. Hesselbrock

Social Work Publications

Race and gender may be important considerations for recognizing alcohol related problems in Black and White young adults. This study examined the prevalence and age of onset of individual alcohol problems and alcohol problem severity across race and gender subgroups from a longitudinal study of a community sample of adolescents followed into young adulthood (N = 166; 23–29 yrs. old who were drinkers). All alcohol problems examined first occurred when subjects were in their late teens and early 20s. Drinking in hazardous situations, blackouts, and tolerance were the most common reported alcohol problems. In race and gender comparisons, more …