Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Prevalence Of Bartonella Infection In Well-Cared Cats In Bangkok Metropolitan, Pakkawan Satranarakun, Soichi Maruyama, Hidori Kabeya, Shigo Sato, Sathaporn Jitapalapong, Saowalak Jitchum, Tawisa Jiyipong, Channarong Rodkhum, Rosama Pusoonthornthum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The study was conducted to determine the prevalence of bartonellosis in two hundred well-cared client-owned cats that have close relationship with their owners in Bangkok metropolitan area from November 2010 to November 2011. These cats had no clinical signs at the time of presentation and no visual flea infestation. Blood collection was performed and cultured in 5% rabbit blood agar. Species of Bartonella spp. was identified with Polymerase Chain Reaction and gene sequencing. Results demonstrated that eleven out of the two hundred cats were positive for bartonellosis. Moreover, the prevalence was 5.5% (11/200), with Bartonella henselae 91% (10/11) and Bartonella …

Bovine And Ovine Schistosomiasis: Prevalence And Associated Host Factors In Selected Sites Of South Achefer District, Northwest Ethiopia, Yirsaw Kerie, Zewdu Seyoum

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Schistosomiasis is a snail-borne trematode infection in man and animals in tropical and subtropical countries. It is an economically important disease caused by several Schistosoma species and results in economic losses through mortality and morbidity from severe infection and from long-term effect of moderate- and long-standing chronic infection. This study was conducted from November 2013 to April 2014 to determine the prevalence and potential host-related risk factors of bovine and ovine schistosomiasis in selected sites of South Achefer district, northwest Ethiopia. About 532 faecal samples were collected from randomly selected cattle and sheep from three purposively selected peasant associations. The …

Prevalence Of Prescription Opioid Abuse In Patients With Pain, Samuel Godana, Ankoor Biswas, Nebiyu Biru, Abraham Getenet, Biana Leybishkis

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Background: Studies showed that 20% to 30% of opioid analgesic drugs prescribed for chronic pain in the United States are misused, while the rate of opioid addiction is approximately 10%. The study describes methods to identify high-risk behavior and forward recommendations to decrease opioid abuse.

Purpose: To assess prevalence and correlate multiple variables with opioid abuse and to forward appropriate recommendation to decrease the prevalence of opioid abuse in the primary care setting.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted at a primary health care clinic, Aurora Sinai Medical Center (Milwaukee, WI). Over 6 months, a total of 49 consecutive patients …

Prevalence And Trends Of Childhood Hearing Loss Based On Federally-Funded National Surveys: 1994–2013, Tyson S. Barrett, Karl R. White

Journal of Early Hearing Detection and Intervention

A recent highly cited publication, using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), concluded that the prevalence of childhood hearing loss in the United States is increasing (Shargorodsky, Curan, Curhan, & Eavey, 2010). This article examines the accuracy of that conclusion based on additional data from three nationally-representative surveys of childhood health. Using data from NHANES, the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH), and the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), logistic regression was used to assess trends from audiometry-measured and parent-reported childhood hearing loss.

In contrast to prior research, the results were highly conflicting. NHANES suggested both …

Prevalence Of Clostridium Perfringens Β2-Toxin In Sheep And Goat Population In Punjab, Pakistan, Mudassar Mohiuddin, Zahid Iqbal, Sajjad Ur Rahman

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Clostridium perfringens presents persistent threat to small animals in causing moderate to severe enterotoxemia. The pathogenicity of C. perfringens depends on the production of four major toxins. In addition to the major toxins, beta2 (β2) toxin, a minor toxin, is also produced by some strains of C. perfringens. In this study, a total of 107 fecal samples collected from healthy and diseased sheep and goats were cultured and processed for biochemical analysis. On the basis of biochemical characterization, 61 isolates were confirmed as C. perfringens. In order to detect C. perfringens types, multiplex PCR assay was carried out for the …

The Genetic And Environmental Etiology Of Schizophrenia In Palau, Elora James, William Byerley, Md, Christopher U. Kitalong, Phd

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Schizophrenia is a chronic, severe, and disabling brain disorder that has been affecting people throughout the world. There is an established worldwide 1% average prevalence of schizophrenia; however there are high degrees of variability between different regions. Palau, an oceanic nation located in Micronesia, has an abnormally high prevalence rate of schizophrenia at 1.99%. When separated by gender, women have abnormal prevalence rate of 1.24%, while the men have a high prevalence rate of 2.77%, which is over twice the average worldwide. There has been a plethora of research conducted over the years to determine the genetic and environmental etiology …

A Central Georgia Asthma Prevalence Assessment Of School-Age Children And Compliance With Senate Bill 472, Cheryl L.R. Gaddis, Jimmie Smith

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: A common theme among the counties of the North Central Health District is the disparity between the number of asthma-related visits of African-American and white children ages 1-14 to the emergency department. In 2013, 858 children ages 1-14 in the district had emergency room visits related to asthma. The purpose of this study was to assess North Central Health District (NCHD) schools to determine the prevalence of self-reported asthma by parents and school age children and the adequacy of students’ access to maintenance inhalers at school, and to identify schools that qualify for Asthma Friendly School Recognition.

Methods: The …

A Preliminary Examination Of Elevated Blood Lead Levels In A Rural Georgia County, R. Christopher Rustin, Yu Sun, Chris Calhoun, Christy Kuriantnyk

Journal of the Georgia Public Health Association

Background: Rural areas are often viewed as lower risk for lead poisoning and toxic exposures seriously impacting development of the brain and central nervous system; this report examines the prevalence of elevated blood lead levels for childrenCounty, GA.

Methods: Lead surveillance data from the Georgia Department of Public Health (DPH) were analyzed using SAS®v-9.3 to calculate the prevalence of elevated blood lead levels (≥5ug/dL) among those children in Ben Hill County who had been tested for lead; the results were compared to Georgia and national data.

Results: A preliminary analysis of 2010-2015 screening data for Ben Hill County indicates that …

Prevalence Of Subclinical Laminitis And Its Effects On Reproductive Performance In Lactating Cows In Thailand, Suvaluk Seesupa, Kwankate Kanistanon, Rittichai Pilachai, Suneerat Aiumlamai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objectives of this study were to investigate the prevalence of subclinical laminitis and to evaluate its effects on reproductive performances in dairy cows in Thailand. Ninety-eight lactating cows from 22 smallholder dairy farms and 138 lactating cows from one large scale dairy farm were assessed for subclinical laminitis by evaluating lesions after hoof trimming. Hemorrhagic lesions of the sole and white line area were evaluated. Any appearance of sole hemorrhage or white line hemorrhage scoring 2 on one or more claws was defined as a case of subclinical laminitis. Reproductive data were recorded and analyzed using subclinical laminitis as …

Seroprevalence Of Caseous Lymphadenitis In Kangal Akkaraman Sheep, Öznur Aslan, Kadi̇r Semi̇h Gümüşsoy, İlknur Karaca Bekdi̇k, Aytaç Akçay, Ömer Orkun Demi̇ral

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

In this study, the seroprevalence of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, the causative agent of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA) infection, in Kangal Akkaraman sheep flocks was examined. For this purpose, blood samples were collected from 25 different sheep flocks (n = 379). According to the ELISA results, the numbers of CLA-positive and CLA-negative samples were 138 (36.4%) and 241 (63.6%), respectively. CLA positivity was observed in 35.7% of the females (n = 241), 37.7% of the males (n = 138), 40.2% of the sheep with clinical symptoms (n = 184), and 32.8% of the sheep with no clinical symptoms (n = 195) (P > 0.05). …

The Incidence Of 18f-Fdg Pet/Ct Thyroid Incidentalomas Andthe Prevalence Of Malignancy: A Prospective Study, Mi̇ne Şencan Eren, Özhan Özdoğan, Arzu Gedi̇k, Mehmet Ceylan, Meri̇h Güray Durak, Mustafa Seçi̇l, Mehmet Ali̇ Koçdor, Abdurrahman Çömlekçi̇, Hati̇ce Durak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: To determine the prevalence of malignancy in thyroid incidentalomas (TIs) detected by fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT). Materials and methods: 18F-FDG PET/CT images were evaluated prospectively for the presence of thyroid uptake. The patients with a TI were evaluated by an endocrinologist according to the predefined diagnostic algorithm. The final diagnosis was obtained clinically and/or by pathology. Results: TI was detected in 4.2% of 4204 patients. A malignant thyroid nodule was diagnosed in 29% and 33% of the focal and diffuse-focal uptake groups, respectively. However, no malignancy was detected in the diffuse uptake group. The standardized …

The High Prevalence Of Encephalitozoon Intestinalis In Patients Receiving Chemotherapy And Children With Growth Retardation And The Validity Of Real-Time Pcr In Its Diagnosis, Ülfet Çeti̇nkaya, Süleyman Yazar, Sali̇h Kuk, Eda Si̇vcan, Leylagül Kaynar, Duran Arslan, İzzet Şahi̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Encephalitozoon intestinalis in different patient groups consisting of immunocompromised and immunocompetent individuals. Materials and methods: The stool samples of 100 patients consisting of 25 patients receiving chemotherapy and with acute gastrointestinal complaints, 25 with bone marrow transplant and acute gastrointestinal complaints, 25 with urticaria, and 25 with growth retardation were included in the study. As control groups, 25 subjects without any chronic disease but with acute gastrointestinal complaints and 25 healthy volunteers, making a total of 50 subjects, were included in the study. E. intestinalis was investigated by …

Demographic Profile And Associations Of Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Patients In Federal Capital Of Pakistan., Ali Zohair Nomani, Mansoor Iqbal, Faisal Bacha, Shahzad Mughal, Haris Majid Rajput, Mazhar Badshah, Rao Suhail Yasin Khan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Depression is quite prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease. Knowing the frequency of depression in such patients and its association with different variables may be helpful in devising strategies for better and timely management of such patients in our setup. Materials and methods: This cross sectional study was conducted by recruiting 315 patients of either gender, ≥ 18 years of age with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and receiving care at Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad. Patients were divided into two groups; group A: pre-dialysis and group B: dialysis (End Stage Renal Disease). Prevalence of depression in CKD and …

Prevalence And Associated Factors Of Low Back Pain Among Motorcycle Taxi Drivers In Sriracha, Nahatai Jongprasitkul, Komwudh Konchalard, Kunakorn Sinthoppong

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background : Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder associated with muscle and the skeleton structure. It is also generally found in all age groups and professions. LBP also affects the financial loss in society and activity of daily living. Motorcycle taxi drivers (MTD) are mainly focused in the study because it is one of the most common careers which tends to grow rapidly in the future. There is no study in this topic before. Objective : To determine the prevalence and associated factors of low back pain among the motorcycle taxi drivers in Sriracha District, Chonburi, Thailand. Setting …

Ovine Coccidiosis: Prevalence And Associated Risk Factors Inand Around Addis-Zemen, Northwest Ethiopia, Abinet Lakew, Zewdu Seyoum

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

This cross-sectional study was conducted in and around Addis-Zemen from November 2014 to April 2015 to determine the prevalence of ovine coccidiosis and to identify associated risk factors. Faecal samples were collected directly from the rectum of 384 randomly selected animals. A centrifugal faecal flotation technique using saturated salt solution was used to detect Eimeria oocysts. Out of 384 samples, only 88 were found to contain Eimeria oocysts. Eimeria infection was recorded in all age and sex groups of the study animals. A strong significant association was observed (P < 0.05) between Eimeria infection and the faecal consistency, production system, hygienic status, age, and body condition of the sampled animals. However, an insignificant (P > 0.05) association was recorded between Eimeria infection and the origins and …