Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Using Drosophila Behavioral Assays To Characterize Terebrid Venompeptide Bioactivity, Anders Eriksson, Prachi Anand, Juliette Gorson, Corina Grijuc, Elina Hadelia, James C. Stewart, Mandë Holford, Adam Claridge-Chang

Publications and Research

The number of newly discovered peptides from the transcriptomes and proteomes of animal venom arsenals is rapidly increasing, resulting in an abundance of uncharacterized peptides. There is a pressing need for a systematic, cost effective, and scalable approach to identify physiological effects of venom peptides. To address this discovery-to-function gap, we developed a sequence driven:activity-based hybrid approach for screening venom peptides that is amenable to large-venom peptide libraries with minimal amounts of peptide. Using this approach, we characterized the physiological and behavioral phenotypes of two peptides from the venom of predatory terebrid marine snails, teretoxins Tv1 from Terebra variegata and …

An Impact Evaluation Of Two Rounds Of Mass Drug Administration On The Prevalence Of Active Trachoma: A Clustered Cross Sectional Survey, Asrat G. Amnie

Publications and Research

Introduction We investigated the impact of two round of mass drug administration on trachoma prevalence in Plateau and Nasarawa States of Nigeria. The mass drug administration was conducted as a component of the SAFE Strategy, a combination of interventions recommended for the global elimination of blinding trachoma.

Methods The study consisted of a two-stage cross-sectional clustered sample survey in which 3990 people from 793 households were screened for clinical signs of trachoma.

Results Of the total 3990 people examined, 1530 were children, of which 808 (53%) were boys and 704 (47%) were girls. The impact of intervention as measured by …

Nanoparticle Elasticity Directs Tumor Uptake, Peng Guo, Daxing Liu, Kriti Subramanyam, Biran Wang, Jiang Yang, Jing Huang, Debra T. Auguste, Marsha A. Moses

Publications and Research

To date, the role of elasticity in drug delivery remains elusive due to the inability to measure microscale mechanics and alter rheology without affecting chemistry. Herein, we describe the in vitro cellular uptake and in vivo tumor uptake of nanolipogels (NLGs). NLGs are composed of identical lipid bilayers encapsulating an alginate core, with tunable elasticity. The elasticity of NLGs was evaluated by atomic force microscopy, which demonstrated that they exhibit Young’s moduli ranging from 45 ± 9 to 19,000 ± 5 kPa. Neoplastic and non-neoplastic cells exhibited significantly greater uptake of soft NLGs (Young’s modulus13.8 MPa). In an orthotopic breast …

Component Tree Analysis Of Cystovirus Φ6 Nucleocapsid Cryo-Em Single Particle Reconstructions, Lucas Oliveira, Ze Ye, Al Katz, Alexandra Alimova, Hui Wei, Gabor T. Herman, Paul Gottlieb

Publications and Research

The 3-dimensional structure of the nucleocapsid (NC) of bacteriophage φ6 is described utilizing component tree analysis, a topological and geometric image descriptor. The component trees are derived from density maps of cryo-electron microscopy single particle reconstructions. Analysis determines position and occupancy of structure elements responsible for RNA packaging and transcription. Occupancy of the hexameric nucleotide triphosphorylase (P4) and RNA polymerase (P2) are found to be essentially complete in the NC. The P8 protein lattice likely fixes P4 and P2 in place during maturation. We propose that the viral procapsid (PC) is a dynamic structural intermediate where the P4 and P2 …