Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

The Measurement Of Strength In Children: Is The Peak Value Truly Maximal?, H. Ozake, T. Abe, Scott J. Dankel, J. P. Loenneke, T. Natsume, P. Deng, H. Naito

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

It is unclear whether the measurement of maximum muscle strength in younger children can be performed accurately due to factors such as motivation and maturity (i.e., the ability to receive instruction). If there is a large change in a ratio between muscular strength and size from the youngest to the oldest, then this might provide some indication that the youngest may not have been able to voluntarily activate their muscles for reasons mentioned previously. The purpose of this study was to observe the ratio between handgrip strength (HGS) and forearm muscle thickness (MT) across differing ages in younger children. A …

Synthesis, In Vitro, And In Vivo Evaluation Of Novel N-Phenylindazolyl Diarylureas As Potential Anti-Cancer Agents., Lucas N Solano, Grady L Nelson, Conor T Ronayne, Shirisha Jonnalagadda, Sravan K Jonnalagadda, Kaija Kottke, Robert Chitren, Joseph L Johnson, Manoj K Pandey, Subash C. Jonnalagadda, Venkatram R Mereddy

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

Novel N-phenylindazole based diarylureas have been designed, synthesized and evaluated as potential anticancer agents. In vitro cell viability studies of these derivatives illustrate good potency with IC50 values in the range of 0.4–50 μM in several cancer cell lines including murine metastatic breast cancer 4T1, murine glioblastoma GL261, human triple negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231, human pancreatic cancer MIAPaCa-2, and human colorectal cancer cell line WiDr. The ester group in the lead compound 8i was modified to incorporate amino-amides to increase solubility and stability while retaining biological activity. Further in vitro studies reveal that lead candidates inhibit tube length in HUVEC …

Nucleic Acid Delivery With Α-Tocopherol-Polyethyleneimine-Polyethylene Glycol Nanocarrier System., A K M Nawshad Hossian, Seetharama D Jois, Subash C. Jonnalagadda, George Mattheolabakis

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

Purpose: Nucleic acid-based therapies are a promising therapeutic tool. The major obstacle in their clinical translation is their efficient delivery to the desired tissue. We developed a novel nanosized delivery system composed of conjugates of α-tocopherol, polyethyleneimine, and polyethylene glycol (TPP) to deliver nucleic acids.

Methods: We synthesized a panel of TPP molecules using different molecular weights of PEG and PEI and analyzed with various analytical approaches. The optimized version of TPP (TPP

Results: Through a panel of synthesized molecules, TPP

Conclusion: These results indicate that we successfully synthesized the TPP

The Landscape Of Rna Polymerase Ii-Associated Chromatin Interactions In Prostate Cancer, Susmita G Ramanand, Yong Chen, Jiapei Yuan, Kelly Daescu, Maryou Bk Lambros, Kathleen E Houlahan, Suzanne Carreira, Wei Yuan, Guemhee Baek, Adam Sharp, Alec Paschalis, Mohammed Kanchwala, Yunpeng Gao, Adam Aslam, Nida Safdar, Xiaowei Zhan, Ganesh V Raj, Chao Xing, Paul C Boutros, Johann De Bono, Michael Q Zhang, Ram S Mani

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

Transcriptional dysregulation is a hallmark of prostate cancer (PCa). We mapped the RNA polymerase II-associated (RNA Pol II-associated) chromatin interactions in normal prostate cells and PCa cells. We discovered thousands of enhancer-promoter, enhancer-enhancer, as well as promoter-promoter chromatin interactions. These transcriptional hubs operate within the framework set by structural proteins - CTCF and cohesins - and are regulated by the cooperative action of master transcription factors, such as the androgen receptor (AR) and FOXA1. By combining analyses from metastatic castration-resistant PCa (mCRPC) specimens, we show that AR locus amplification contributes to the transcriptional upregulation of the AR gene by increasing …

Epidemiological Study Of Trichosporon Asahii Infections Over The Past 23 Years, Haitao Li, Meihong Guo, Congmin Wang, Yibo Li, Anne Marie Fernandez, Thomas N Ferraro, Rongya Yang, Yong Chen

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

Trichosporon is a yeast-like basidiomycete, a conditional pathogenic fungus that is rare in the clinic but often causes fatal infections in immunocompromised individuals. Trichosporon asahii is the most common pathogenic fungus in this genus and the occurrence of infections has dramatically increased in recent years. Here, we report a systematic literature review detailing 140 cases of T. asahii infection reported during the past 23 years. Statistical analysis shows that T. asahii infections were most frequently reported within immunodeficient or immunocompromised patients commonly with blood diseases. Antibiotic use, invasive medical equipment and chemotherapy were the leading risk factors for acquiring infection. …

Deficiency Of Complement Component C1q Prevents Cerebrovascular Damage And White Matter Loss In A Mouse Model Of Chronic Obesity., Leah C Graham, Heidi E Kocalis, Ileana Soto Reyes, Gareth R Howell

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

Age-related cognitive decline and many dementias involve complex interactions of both genetic and environmental risk factors. Recent evidence has demonstrated a strong association of obesity with the development of dementia. Furthermore, white matter damage is found in obese subjects and mouse models of obesity. Here, we found that components of the complement cascade, including complement component 1qa (C1QA) and C3 are increased in the brain of Western diet (WD)-fed obese mice, particularly in white matter regions. To functionally test the role of the complement cascade in obesity-induced brain pathology, female and male mice deficient in C1QA, an essential molecule in …

It's In The Bag: Tidal Volumes In Adult And Pediatric Bag Valve Masks, Benjamin Dafilou, Daniel Schwester, Nathan Ruhl, Andreia Marques-Baptista

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

Introduction: A bag valve mask (BVM) is a life saving device used by all levels of health care professionals during resuscitative care. We focus most of our time optimizing the patient's position, firmly securing the mask, and frequency of ventilations. However, despite our best efforts to control these factors, we may still be precipitating harm to the patient. Multiple studies have shown the tidal volumes typically delivered by the adult BVM are often higher than recommended for lung-protective ventilation protocols. In this study we measure and compare the ventilation parameters delivered by the adult and pediatric BVM ventilators. Methods: A …

Social Comparison Features In Physical Activity Promotion Apps: Scoping Meta-Review., Danielle Arigo, Megan M Brown, Kristen Pasko, Jerry Suls

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

BACKGROUND: Smartphone apps promoting physical activity (PA) are abundant, but few produce substantial and sustained behavior change. Although many PA apps purport to induce users to compare themselves with others (by invoking social comparison processes), improvements in PA and other health behaviors are inconsistent. Existing literature suggests that social comparison may motivate PA for some people under some circumstances. However, 2 aspects of work that apply social comparison theory to PA apps remain unclear: (1) how comparison processes have been operationalized or harnessed in existing PA apps and (2) whether incorporating sources of variability in response to comparison have been …

Metabolomic Response Of Equine Skeletal Muscle To Acute Fatiguing Exercise And Training., Dylan J. Klein, Kenneth H Mckeever, Emily T Mirek, Tracy G Anthony

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

The athletic horse, despite being over 50% muscle mass, remains understudied with regard to the effects of exercise and training on skeletal muscle metabolism. To begin to address this knowledge gap, we employed an untargeted metabolomics approach to characterize the exercise-induced and fitness-related changes in the skeletal muscle of eight unconditioned Standardbred horses (four male, four female) before and after a 12-week training period. Before training, unconditioned horses showed a high degree of individual variation in the skeletal muscle metabolome, resulting in very few differences basally and at 3 and 24 h after acute fatiguing exercise. Training did not alter …

Herpes Simplex Virus 1 Spread In Oligodendrocytic Cells Is Highly Dependent On Mal Proteolipid., José Antonio López-Guerrero, Carmen De La Nuez, Beatriz Praena, Enrique Sánchez-León, Claude Krummenacher, Raquel Bello-Morales

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

Myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL) is a tetraspan integral membrane protein that resides in detergent-insoluble membrane fractions enriched in condensed membranes. MAL is expressed in oligodendrocytes, in Schwann cells, where it is essential for the stability of myelin, and at the apical membrane of epithelial cells, where it has a critical role in transport. In T lymphocytes, MAL is found at the immunological synapse and plays a crucial role in exosome secretion. However, no involvement of MAL in viral infections has been reported so far. Here, we show that herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) virions travel in association with MAL-positive …

A Novel Vaccine Candidate Based On Chimeric Virus-Like Particle Displaying Multiple Conserved Epitope Peptides Induced Neutralizing Antibodies Against Ebv Infection., Xiao Zhang, Bingchun Zhao, Mingmei Ding, Shuo Song, Yinfeng Kang, Yang Yu, Miao Xu, Tong Xiang, Ling Gao, Qisheng Feng, Qinjian Zhao, Mu-Sheng Zeng, Claude Krummenacher, Yi-Xin Zeng

Faculty Scholarship for the College of Science & Mathematics

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is the causative pathogen for infectious mononucleosis and many kinds of malignancies including several lymphomas such as Hodgkin's lymphoma, Burkitt's lymphoma and NK/T cell lymphoma as well as carcinomas such as nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) and EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBV-GC). However, to date no available prophylactic vaccine was launched to the market for clinical use.