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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Impact Of Long-Term Endurance Training Vs. Guideline-Based Physical Activity On Brain Structure In Healthy Aging, Katelyn N. Wood, Robert Nikolov, J. Kevin Shoemaker
Impact Of Long-Term Endurance Training Vs. Guideline-Based Physical Activity On Brain Structure In Healthy Aging, Katelyn N. Wood, Robert Nikolov, J. Kevin Shoemaker
Bone and Joint Institute
© 2016 Wood, Nikolov and Shoemaker. Brain structure is a fundamental determinant of brain function, both of which decline with age in the adult. Whereas short-term exercise improves brain size in older adults, the impact of endurance training on brain structure when initiated early and sustained throughout life, remains unknown. We tested the hypothesis that long-term competitive aerobic training enhances cortical and subcortical mass compared to middle to older-aged healthy adults who adhere to the minimum physical activity guidelines. Observations were made in 16 masters athletes (MA; 53 ± 6 years, VO2max = 55 ± 10 ml/kg/min, training > 15 years), …
Impaired Cerebrovascular Function In Coronary Artery Disease Patients And Recovery Following Cardiac Rehabilitation, Udunna C. Anazodo, J. K. Shoemaker, Neville Suskin, Tracy Ssali, Danny J.J. Wang, Keith S. St. Lawrence
Impaired Cerebrovascular Function In Coronary Artery Disease Patients And Recovery Following Cardiac Rehabilitation, Udunna C. Anazodo, J. K. Shoemaker, Neville Suskin, Tracy Ssali, Danny J.J. Wang, Keith S. St. Lawrence
Bone and Joint Institute
© 2016 Anazodo, Shoemaker, Suskin, Ssali, Wang and St. Lawrence. Coronary artery disease (CAD) poses a risk to the cerebrovascular function of older adults and has been linked to impaired cognitive abilities. Using magnetic resonance perfusion imaging, we investigated changes in resting cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) to hypercapnia in 34 CAD patients and 21 age-matched controls. Gray matter volume (GMV)s were acquired and used as a confounding variable to separate changes in structure from function. Compared to healthy controls, CAD patients demonstrated reduced CBF in the superior frontal, anterior cingulate (AC), insular, pre- and post-central gyri, …