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Insulin Resistance Associated With Lower Rates Of Weight Gain In Pima Indians, Boyd A. Swinburn, Bulangu L. Nyomba, Mohammad F. Saad, Francesco Zurlo, Itamar Raz, William C. Knowler, Stephen Lillioja, Clifton Bogardus, Eric Ravussin

Graduate School of Medicine - Papers (Archive)

Insulin resistance is commonly associated with obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes. Whereas it predicts the development of diabetes, its effect on body weight change is unknown. We measured glucose disposal rates at submaximally- and maximally-stimulating insulin concentrations in 192 nondiabetic Pima Indians and followed their weight change over 3.5±1.8 y (mean±SD).

Results: (a) Insulin-resistant subjects gained less weight than insulin-sensitive subjects (3.1 vs. 7.6 kg, P < 0.0001). (b) The percent weight change per year correlated with glucose disposal at submaximally- (r = 0.19, P < 0.01) and maximallystimulating (r = 0.34, P < 0.0001) insulin concentrations independent of sex, age, initial weight, and 24-h energy expenditure; the correlations were stronger for glucose oxidation than for glucose storage. (c) Weight gain was associated with an increase in insulin resistance more than four times that predicted from the cross-sectional data.

We conclude that insulin resistance is associated with a reduced risk of weight gain in nondiabetic Pima Indians.

Scruttonia (Rugosa, Cnidaria) From The Devonian Of Western Australia, Anthony J. Wright

Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health - Papers: part A

Phillipsastrea delicatula Hill. 1936. from probably the early Frasnian (early Late Devonian) of the Lennard Shelf, Western Australia. is assigned to the cosmopolitan rugose coral genus Scruttonia. Its occurrence there supports the previously reported cosmopolitan nature of Late Devonian rugose coral faunas and the faunal similarities between eastern and Western Australia in the Devonia.

Racial Differences In The Relation Between Blood Pressure And Insulin Resistance, Mohammad F. Saad, Stephen Lillioja, B Nyomba, Castillo C, R Ferraro, M De Gregorio, E Ravussin, W C. Knowler, P H. Bennett, B Howard, C Bogardus

Graduate School of Medicine - Papers (Archive)

Background. Insulin resistance and the concomitant compensatory hyperinsulinemia have been implicated in the pathogenesis of hypertension. However, reports on the relation between insulin and blood pressure are inconsistent. This study was designed to investigate the possibility of racial differences in this relation. Methods. We studied 116 Pima Indians, 53 whites, and 42 blacks who were normotensive and did not have diabetes; the groups were comparable with respect to mean age (29, 30, and 32 years, respectively) and blood pressure (113/70, 111/68, and 113/68 mm Hg, respectively). Insulin resistance was determined by the euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp technique during low-dose (40 Mu per …

Pathogenesis Of Niddm In Pima Indians, Clitton Bogardus, Stephen Lillioja, P H. Bennett

Graduate School of Medicine - Papers (Archive)

The Pima Indians of Arizona have the highest reported prevalence and incidence of non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) of any population in the world. A cross-sectional and longitudinal study was begun in 1982 to determine the metabolic characteristic(s) that is (are) predictive of the development of NIDDM and to document the sequence of metabolic events that occur with the transition from normal to impaired glucose tolerance and then to diabetes. Preliminary analyses suggest that insulin resistance is a primary abnormality predisposing Pima Indians to develop impaired glucose tolerance, and that the development of diabetes occurs with subsequent pancreatic failure.