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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Lrg1 Is An Adipokine That Mediates Obesity-Induced Hepatosteatosis And Insulin Resistance, Sijia He, Jiyoon Ryu, Juanhong Liu, Hairong Luo, Ying Lv, Paul R. Langlais, Jie Wen, Feng Dong, Zhe Sun, Ravindranath Duggirala
Lrg1 Is An Adipokine That Mediates Obesity-Induced Hepatosteatosis And Insulin Resistance, Sijia He, Jiyoon Ryu, Juanhong Liu, Hairong Luo, Ying Lv, Paul R. Langlais, Jie Wen, Feng Dong, Zhe Sun, Ravindranath Duggirala
School of Medicine Publications and Presentations
Dysregulation in adipokine biosynthesis and function contributes to obesity-induced metabolic diseases. However, the identities and functions of many of the obesity-induced secretory molecules remain unknown. Here, we report the identification of leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) as an obesity-associated adipokine that exacerbates high fat diet–induced hepatosteatosis and insulin resistance. Serum levels of LRG1 were markedly elevated in obese humans and mice compared with their respective controls. LRG1 deficiency in mice greatly alleviated diet-induced hepatosteatosis, obesity, and insulin resistance. Mechanistically, LRG1 bound with high selectivity to the liver and promoted hepatosteatosis by increasing de novo lipogenesis and suppressing fatty acid β-oxidation. LRG1 …
Metabolic Regulation In Hpv Associated Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Vaishali Chandel, Sibi Raj, Prabhat Kumar, Shilpi Gupta, Anupam Dhasmana, Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Janne Ruokolainen, Pravesh Mehra, Bhudev C. Das, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Dhruv Kumar
Metabolic Regulation In Hpv Associated Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Vaishali Chandel, Sibi Raj, Prabhat Kumar, Shilpi Gupta, Anupam Dhasmana, Kavindra Kumar Kesari, Janne Ruokolainen, Pravesh Mehra, Bhudev C. Das, Mohammad Amjad Kamal, Dhruv Kumar
School of Medicine Publications and Presentations
Cancer cells exhibit distinct energy metabolic pathways due to multiple oncogenic events. In normoxia condition, the anaerobic glycolysis (Warburg effect) is highly observed in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). HNSCC is associated with smoking, chewing tobacco, consumption of alcohol or Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection primarily HPV16. In recent years, the correlation of HPV with HNSCC has significantly expanded. Despite the recent advancement in therapeutic approaches, the rate of HPV infected HNSCC has significantly increased in the last few years, specifically, in lower middle-income countries. The oncoproteins of High-risk Human Papillomavirus (HR-HPV), E6 and E7, alter the metabolic phenotype …
Novel Paclitaxel Nanoformulation Impairs De Novo Lipid Synthesis In Pancreatic Cancer Cells And Enhances Gemcitabine Efficacy, Advait Shetty, Prashanth K.B. Nagesh, Saini Setua, Bilal B. Hafeez, Meena Jaggi, Murali M. Yallapu, Subhash C. Chauhan
Novel Paclitaxel Nanoformulation Impairs De Novo Lipid Synthesis In Pancreatic Cancer Cells And Enhances Gemcitabine Efficacy, Advait Shetty, Prashanth K.B. Nagesh, Saini Setua, Bilal B. Hafeez, Meena Jaggi, Murali M. Yallapu, Subhash C. Chauhan
School of Medicine Publications and Presentations
Pancreatic cancer (PanCa) is a highly lethal disease with a poor 5 year survival rate, less than 7%. It has a dismal prognosis, and more than 50% of cases are detected at an advanced and metastatic stage. Gemcitabine (GEM) is a gold standard chemotherapy used for PanCa treatment. However, GEM-acquired resistance in cancer cells is considered as a major setback for its continued clinical implementation. This phenomenon is evidently linked to de novo lipid synthesis. PanCa cells rely on de novo lipid synthesis, which is a prime event in survival and one of the key drivers for tumorigenesis, cancer progression, …
Diabetes Screen During Tuberculosis Contact Investigations Highlights Opportunity For New Diabetes Diagnosis And Reveals Metabolic Differences Between Ethnic Groups, Blanca I. Restrepo, Léanie Kleynhans, Alejandra B. Salinas, Bassent Abdelbary, Happy Tshivhula, Genesis P. Aguillón-Durán, Carine Kunsevi-Kilola, Gloria Salinas, Kim Stanley, Juan C. Lopez-Alvarenga
Diabetes Screen During Tuberculosis Contact Investigations Highlights Opportunity For New Diabetes Diagnosis And Reveals Metabolic Differences Between Ethnic Groups, Blanca I. Restrepo, Léanie Kleynhans, Alejandra B. Salinas, Bassent Abdelbary, Happy Tshivhula, Genesis P. Aguillón-Durán, Carine Kunsevi-Kilola, Gloria Salinas, Kim Stanley, Juan C. Lopez-Alvarenga
School of Medicine Publications and Presentations
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a prevalent risk factor for tuberculosis (TB), but most studies on TB-T2D have focused on TB patients, been limited to one community, and shown a variable impact of T2D on TB risk or treatment outcomes. We conducted a cross-sectional assessment of sociodemographic and metabolic factors in adult TB contacts with T2D (versus no T2D), from the Texas-Mexico border to study Hispanics, and in Cape Town to study South African Coloured ethnicities. The prevalence of T2D was 30.2% in Texas-Mexico and 17.4% in South Africa, with new diagnosis in 34.4% and 43.9%, respectively. Contacts with T2D …
Genome- And Epigenome-Wide Association Study Of Hypertriglyceridemic Waist In Mexican American Families, Manju Mamtani, Hemant Kulkarni, Thomas D. Dyer, Harald H. H. Goring, Jennifer L. Neary, Shelley A. Cole, Jack W. Kent Jr., Satish Kumar, David C. Glahn, Michael C. Mahaney, Anthony G. Comuzzie, Laura Almasy, Joanne E. Curran, Ravindranath Duggirala, John Blangero, Melanie A. Carless
Genome- And Epigenome-Wide Association Study Of Hypertriglyceridemic Waist In Mexican American Families, Manju Mamtani, Hemant Kulkarni, Thomas D. Dyer, Harald H. H. Goring, Jennifer L. Neary, Shelley A. Cole, Jack W. Kent Jr., Satish Kumar, David C. Glahn, Michael C. Mahaney, Anthony G. Comuzzie, Laura Almasy, Joanne E. Curran, Ravindranath Duggirala, John Blangero, Melanie A. Carless
School of Medicine Publications and Presentations
Background: There is growing interest in the hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW) phenotype, defined as high waist circumference (≥95 cm in males and ≥80 cm in females) combined with high serum triglyceride concentration (≥2.0 mmol/L in males and ≥1.5 mmol/L in females) as a marker of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease. However, the prevalence of this phenotype in high-risk populations, its association with T2D, and the genetic or epigenetic influences on HTGW are not well explored. Using data from large, extended families of Mexican Americans (a high-risk minority population in the USA) we aimed to: (1) estimate the prevalence of …
Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Loci Influencing Concentrations Of Liver Enzymes In Plasma, John C. Chambers, Weihua Zhang, Joban Sehmi, Xinzhong Li, Mark N. Wass, Pim Van Der Harst, Hilma Holm, Serena Sanna, Maryam Kavousi, Chun Xu
Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Loci Influencing Concentrations Of Liver Enzymes In Plasma, John C. Chambers, Weihua Zhang, Joban Sehmi, Xinzhong Li, Mark N. Wass, Pim Van Der Harst, Hilma Holm, Serena Sanna, Maryam Kavousi, Chun Xu
Health & Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations
Concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma are widely used as indicators of liver disease. We carried out a genome-wide association study in 61,089 individuals, identifying 42 loci associated with concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma, of which 32 are new associations (P = 10−8 to P = 10−190). We used functional genomic approaches including metabonomic profiling and gene expression analyses to identify probable candidate genes at these regions. We identified 69 candidate genes, including genes involved in biliary transport (ATP8B1 and ABCB11), glucose, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (FADS1, FADS2, GCKR, JMJD1C, HNF1A …