Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Individual- And Country-Level Correlates Of Female Permanent Contraception Use In Sub-Saharan Africa, Babayemi O. Olakunde, Jennifer R. Pharr, Lung-Chang Chien, Rebecca D. Benfield, Francisco S. Sy

Environmental & Occupational Health Faculty Publications

Background: Female permanent contraception is a cost-effective contraceptive method that can help clients with the desire to limit childbearing achieve their reproductive intention. However, despite its benefits, the use of FPC remains low in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), and limited studies have examined the correlates of its uptake. In this study, we assessed the individual- and country-level factors associated with the use of FPC among married or in-union women using modern contraceptive methods to limit childbearing in SSA. Methods: This study was a secondary data analysis of individual- and country-level data obtained from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) Program and …

Relationship Between Psychosocial-Cultural Factors And African American Women Obesity., Francoise Knox-Kazimierczuk

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Objective: To determine associations between African American female obesity and SEM variables.

Design: Data from the National Survey of American Life Self-Administered Questionnaire (NSAL-SAQ), a 2001–2003 nationally representative cross-sectional survey was used to extract data for African American women.

Participants: African American females at a BMI of 18.5 kg/m2 or greater were included in the final sample (n = 2,100) for analysis.

Main Outcome Measure(s): BMI

Analysis: Measures for socioecological model (SEM) were analyzed using a regression model in SPSS.

Results: Intrapersonal and community/institutional levels were found to be significantly associated with BMI. Two multiple regression analyses models were developed …

Barriers For Cervical Cancer Screening In Women Living With Hiv: A Systematic Review, Vimala Ganta Md, Mph, Sheniz Moonie Phd, Brian Labus Phd, Karen Gutierrez Bs, Xan Y. Goodman Mlis, Ahip

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Cervical cancer is a prominent cancer in U.S. women caused primarily by the human papilloma virus and its incidence and mortality rates have decreased through screening programs. Certain barriers are perceived to be affecting the rates of cervical cancer screening among women living with HIV (WLWH). A systematic review was conducted to identify and summarize these barriers among WLWH nationwide. There is a need to increase awareness and education among WLWH. Public health programs and community-based interventions should target women of low SES and minority status while assessing the barriers among this population to improve cervical cancer screening rates.

Status Of Women In Nevada: Health Snapshot (Part 1), Ana Rosas, Aika Dietz, Caryll Batt Dziedziak, Jean Munson

Research Briefs

A breakthrough for women's health and racial health inequity is the passing of Public Health Service Act section 492B and National Institute of Health (NIH) Revitalization Act of 1993 (P.L. 103-43) and the implementation by NIH to support full or partially funded clinical research by establishing guidelines to include sex and race of the participant in these studies.

Knowledge, Motivations And Concerns About Participation In Breast Cancer Clinical Trials In Puerto Rico, Marinilda Rivera-Díaz, Angélica N. García-Romero, Alelí M. Ayala-Marín, Camille Vélez-Alamo, Adrianna I. Acevedo-Fontánez, Mariana Arévalo, Vivian Colón-López

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Clinical trials (CT) in breast cancer have been crucial for new treatment discoveries. While participation in cancer CT is low, minorities are particularly underrepresented.This study aimed toidentify factors influencing the participation in CTs based on the experiences of Latina breast cancer survivors in Puerto Rico (PR), especially their CT knowledge, motivations, and concerns.Method:Focus groups (FG) were conducted by two social workers and the University of Puerto Rico/MD Anderson Community Health Educator. Participants were stratified into two subgroups: a) women with CT experience and b) those without CT experience. Seven FG were completed among breast cancer survivors (n=34) at …

Evaluating The Performance Of The Who International Reference Standard For Osteoporosis Diagnosis In Postmenopausal Women Of Varied Polygenic Score And Race, Qing Wu, Xiangxue Xiao, Yingke Xu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Whether the bone mineral density (BMD) T-score performs differently in osteoporosis classification in women of different genetic profiling and race background remains unclear. Methods: The genomic data in the Women’s Health Initiative study was analyzed (n = 2417). The polygenic score (PGS) was calculated from 63 BMD-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for each participant. The World Health Organization′s (WHO) definition of osteoporosis (BMD T-score ≤ −2.5) was used to estimate the cumulative incidence of fracture. Results: T-score classification significantly underestimated the risk of major osteoporotic fracture (MOF) in the WHI study. An enormous underestimation was observed in African American …

Rural Primary Care And The Diagnostic Resolution Of Abnormal Screening Mammograms: A Mixed Methods Study In Rural Missouri, Jean Hunleth, Julia Maki, Amanda Lee, Aimee James, Rebecca Lobb

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Rural health clinics (RHCs) and federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) play a vital role in initiating cancer screening in underserved, rural settings. Yet there is limited information about their involvement in diagnostic tests when a mammogram result is abnormal. Diagnostic resolution of abnormal mammograms varies widely by geographic location and resources, and timely resolution is important for addressing rural-urban cancer disparities. This mixed methods study in a rural region of Missouri with high rates of cancer mortality examined the roles of primary care providers during follow-up after an abnormal mammogram, the processes they used, and the clinic specific variations among …

Factors Contributing To Domestic Violence Among Hindu Asian Indian Immigrant Women In Allegheny County, Pennsylvania: A Feasibility Study, Chelsea Pallatino, Todd Bear, Martha A. Terry

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

While there is research on survivors of domestic violence in India and the United States (U.S.), little is known about the sociocultural factors related to domestic violence among Hindu Asian Indian immigrant women (AIIW) in the U.S. The objectives of this study were to a) test the feasibility of conducting domestic violence research among Hindu AIIW; b) investigate domestic violence prevalence and correlations with other characteristics; and c) test the cultural appropriateness of completed measures on social support, acculturation status, and domestic violence. Over 50% of respondents had experienced abuse, often perpetrated by family. Participants had high levels of social …

Does Age Affect The Association Between Race/Ethnicity And Hpv Screening: A Retrospective Cohort Study Of United States Women, Keila L. Marlin, Mph, Larissa R. Brunner Huber, Ph.D.

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Many studies have demonstrated disparities in awareness of and knowledge about human papillomavirus (HPV) among young, immigrant, and minority populations. Yet, there is a lack of existing research that has investigated the role of race/ethnicity and HPV screening, and how it varies by age. The purpose of this study was to evaluate this association using 2016 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) data. This study included 120,646 women who self-reported information on race/ethnicity, HPV screening, and age. Logistic regression was used to obtain odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A stratified analysis was conducted to determine if age …