Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Birth Outcomes And Water: A Multidisciplinary Study, Moses New-Aaron, Jane L. Meza, Patrick J. Shea, Martha Rhoades

Posters and Presentations: College of Public Health

Evidence that agrichemicals are associated with the incidence of birth defects is inconsistent. We examined whether nitrate and nitrosatable agrichemicals present in well water are associated with birth defect rates in Nebraska counties. Birth defect data from the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services, 2005-2014, were merged with well data obtained from the Quality-Assessed Agrichemical Contaminant Database for Nebraska Ground Water (1977-2014). Nebraska counties with higher rates of birth defects had a greater prevalence of agrichemicals in well water. Of the 33 contaminants sampled from different well types, nitrate and atrazine were of interest. Birth defect rates were negatively …

Effect Of N-Nitrosoatrazine On Embryogenesis In Avian Embryos, Nur Firyal Roslan, Moses New-Aaron, Martha Rhoades, Kent Eskridge

Posters and Presentations: College of Public Health

Preliminary studies suggest that the nitrosamine N-nitrosoatrazine (NNAT) is teratogenic and mutagenic. We hypothesized that the embryos exposed to NNAT would have higher mortality and lower growth rate compared to unexposed embryos. In this study, we evaluated growth and mortality in chick embryos after exposure to NNAT dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). The study was divided into three experiments depending treatment design. First, the effect of DMSO on embryo growth and survival was tested. Second, we compared growth and survival between embryos treated with DMSO, 50:50 DMSO:water and NNAT at 0.245 µmol/l. Finally, we compared growth and survival between …

Effect Of Nitrosamine (Nnat) On Embryogenesis: Evidence From A Study Using Avian Embryos Exposed To Nnat, Moses New-Aaron, Martha Rhoades, Jane L. Meza, Jeffrey Wallman

Posters and Presentations: College of Public Health

Background

Birth defects are a known cause of infant death in the United States with higher rates in the Midwest perhaps due to higher use of agrichemicals for farm activities. Nitrate and atrazine are two of the most prevalent agrichemicals contaminating drinking water supplies. When ingested together, in the acidic environment of the human stomach, they can react to form a nitrosamine, NNAT. Many nitrosamines are known to be mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic.

Significance

Preliminary studies have suggested that NNAT is a teratogen and mutagen. Several other agrichemical compounds have been detected in Nebraska groundwater wells that have the potential …

A Systematic Review Of Universal, Teacher-Led Interventions Targeting Anxiety In U.S. Schools, Sonja F. Tutsch, Patrick Fowler, Gaurav Kumar, Adam Weaver, Brian Mckevitt, Denise Britigan, Christian I.J. Minter, Lorena Baccaglini

Posters and Presentations: College of Public Health

Implications of anxiety symptomatology experienced among children and adolescents in the US constitute a major public health crisis, calling for promising universal mental health interventions in K-12 schools. Schools represent an ideal setting for the implementation of population based, public health interventions, as children and adolescents spend a significant proportion of time in school. Discussions within the scientific community document several advantages to utilization of universal, Tier1 interventions. However, the efficacy of universal, school-based anxiety interventions in the US are not consistently documented. The purpose of this study is to systematically review the literature to identify the efficacy of universal …

Cervical Cancer Screening Among Patients Receiving Arvs In A Resource-Limited Environment, Moses New-Aaron, Jane L. Meza, Martha Goedert, Stephen Kibusi, Samwel Sumba, Caroline Damien, Siraj Shabani, James Charles

Posters and Presentations: College of Public Health

Significance

Cervical cancer is the most common cancer worldwide with increased risk among women living with HIV in a resource limited environment. Hence the need to determine factors affecting awareness, prior uptake of cervical cancer screening and willingness to screen among patients receiving Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs.

Data analysis

The data was collected by administered questionnaires to patients presenting for monthly ARV refills in a HIV clinic in Dodoma, Tanzania. A total of 421 women in the clinic with an average monthly income of 39 (USD) were interviewed. A total of 306 (73%) were aware of cervical cancer. Among those who …