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Articles 1 - 24 of 24
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
A Novel Transposon Trap For Mycobacteria: Isolation And Characterization Of Is1096, Jeffrey D. Cirillo, Raul G. Barletta, Barry R. Bloom, William R. Jacobs Jr.
A Novel Transposon Trap For Mycobacteria: Isolation And Characterization Of Is1096, Jeffrey D. Cirillo, Raul G. Barletta, Barry R. Bloom, William R. Jacobs Jr.
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
In the course of developing strategies to obtain a mutation in the aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (asd) gene of Mycobacterium smegmatis, an efficient transposon trap was constructed which may be generally useful for the identification of transposable elements in mycobacteria. A DNA fragment containing the asd gene was replaced with an aminoglycoside phosphotransferase gene (aph) to generate a Δasd::aph allele. Attempts to replace the wild-type asd gene with the Δasd::aph allele were unsuccessful, suggesting that this deletion was lethal to the growth of M. smegmatis. The plasmid, pYUB215, which …
An In Vitro Evaluation Of Commercially Available Disposable Prophylaxis Angles, Caren M. Barnes, Lisa S. Fleming, Carl M. Russell
An In Vitro Evaluation Of Commercially Available Disposable Prophylaxis Angles, Caren M. Barnes, Lisa S. Fleming, Carl M. Russell
College of Dentistry: Faculty Publications
Although a number of manufacturers are marketing disposable prophylaxis angles, no literature exists regarding the mechanical efficacy and efficiency of these products. It was the purpose of this in vitro evaluation to compare and evaluate five brands of commercially available disposable prophylaxis angles for vibration, noise, heat rise, and torque. Random samples of each brand of disposable prophylaxis angle were utilized. Vibration was measured with a height gauge and running motor; noise was measured with a sound meter and heat rise was measured from 68°F on the head and body of the disposable prophylaxis angles, and torque required to destroy …
Validity Of Intelligence Test Scores In The Definition Of Learning Disability: A Critical Analysis, D. J. Francis, K. A. Espy, B. P. Rourke, J. M. Fletcher
Validity Of Intelligence Test Scores In The Definition Of Learning Disability: A Critical Analysis, D. J. Francis, K. A. Espy, B. P. Rourke, J. M. Fletcher
Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory: Faculty and Staff Publications
The relationship of intelligence test performance to learning deficiency is a longstanding issue affecting treatment and research on learning disabled children. Despite many questions concerning the use of intelligence tests for classifying disabled learners, these tests have become entrenched in every form of work with these children (Kaufman, 1979; Sattler, 1988).
An In Vivo Comparison Of Commercially Available Disposable Prophylaxis Angles, Lisa S. Fleming, Caren M. Barnes, Carl M. Russell
An In Vivo Comparison Of Commercially Available Disposable Prophylaxis Angles, Lisa S. Fleming, Caren M. Barnes, Carl M. Russell
College of Dentistry: Faculty Publications
A wide variety of disposable infection control products is being marketed including disposable prophylaxis angles. It was the purpose of this in vivo investigation to evaluate the clinical efficacy of five different brands of commercially available disposable prophylaxis angles. Utilizing a splitmouth design. 11 dental hygienists evaluated disposable prophylaxis angles while completing a routine oral prophylaxis. Fifty samples each of Brahler. Ash/Dentsply, Denticator. and Young Dental angles were compared to a control angle (Teledyne Getz). A questionnaire was completed by each operator following patient treatment (a total of 161 patients was treated). The questionnaire asked questions in which the four …
Cognitive Processes And Prosocial Behaviors Among Children: The Role Of Affective Attributions And Reconciliations, Gustavo Carlo, George Knight, Nancy Eisenberg, Ken J. Rotenberg
Cognitive Processes And Prosocial Behaviors Among Children: The Role Of Affective Attributions And Reconciliations, Gustavo Carlo, George Knight, Nancy Eisenberg, Ken J. Rotenberg
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Although attributions about others’ sad emotions have been shown to be positively related to helping behavior, there have been considerable inconsistencies in the findings. This study was designed to investigate the relations of affective attributions, affective reconciliations, and cognitive perspective-taking measures to prosocial behavior. Eighty-nine preschool through second grade children were administered various social cognition indices (two affective and one cognitive); the children were then given an opportunity to help a same-sex confederate child obtain toys. Helping that required a specific form of affective attribution and reconciliation was signifi cantly related to the affective attribution and reconciliation measures when the …
1992 Beef Cattle Report, Darrell W. Nelson
1992 Beef Cattle Report, Darrell W. Nelson
Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports
Economic efficiency of beef production to weaning and to slaughter was estimated in three groups, different in milk available (low, medium, and high) to the calves but the same in growth potential. Efficiency was the ratio of income to expenses. Income was derived from cull cows and calves at weaning or carcasses of calves fed to slaughter. Feed and non-feed expenses for the cowherd and for calves to weaning or to slaughter were included. Efficiencies were estimated assuming observed reproductive rates and energy requirements for maintenance, as well as for equal reproductive rates and equal requirements for maintenance in the …
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae-Induced Thymic Lesions In Mice And Pigs, D.L. Stine, M.J. Huether, Rodney A. Moxley, Subramaniam Srikumaran
Actinobacillus Pleuropneumoniae-Induced Thymic Lesions In Mice And Pigs, D.L. Stine, M.J. Huether, Rodney A. Moxley, Subramaniam Srikumaran
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Actinobacillus pkuropneumoniae produces several hemolysins/cytotoxins that may be important in the pathogenesis of acute lesions. Little is known, however, about the role of these virulence factors in chronic disease or the carrier state. We investigated the effects of live bacterial infection and transthoracic injection of a sterile culture supernatant on primary lymphoid organs and lymphocyte populations. Transthoracic inoculation of mice or intranasal inoculation of pigs with virulent A. pleuropneumoniae serotypes 1 and 7 induced thymic cortical lymphoid necrosis. These lesions were reproduced in mice by transthoracic injection of a concentrated sterile culture supernatant. The cytotoxic effect of this culture supernatant …
The Management Of Aerosols With Airpolishing Delivery Systems, Caren M. Barnes
The Management Of Aerosols With Airpolishing Delivery Systems, Caren M. Barnes
College of Dentistry: Faculty Publications
In summary. aerosol production is inherent with airpolishers. as well as other dental equipment such as handpieces, ultrasonic scalers, and air/water syringes. By practicing prudent infection control techniques and utilizing proper operating techniques, the clinician can continue to enjoy the time-efficient and efficacious benefits of airpolishers, while ensuring a maximum protection from aerosols for the patient and the operator.
Use Of Pollen Concentration In Paleopharmacology: Coprolite Evidence Of Medicinal Plants, Karl Reinhard, Donny L. Hamilton, Richard H. Hevly
Use Of Pollen Concentration In Paleopharmacology: Coprolite Evidence Of Medicinal Plants, Karl Reinhard, Donny L. Hamilton, Richard H. Hevly
Karl Reinhard Publications
Nearly 2,400 plant species have been documented ethnographically as having medicinal value among Native Americans. Therefore, it is not surprising that evidence of medicinal plants appears in some of the over 1,000 coprolites analyzed from the southwestern U.S. Three medicinal species identified in pollen analysis of coprolites are discussed. Willow (Salix) is the most common analgesic in the Native American pharmacopoeia. Prehistoric use of this plant is documented in coprolites from Bighorn Cave in the Black Mountains of Arizona and also in a burial from the Mimbres Valley, New Mexico. Historically, Mormon tea (Ephedra) served as …
The Altruistic Personality: In What Contexts Is It Apparent?, Gustavo Carlo, Nancy Eisenberg, Debra Troyer, Galen Switzer, Anna L. Speer
The Altruistic Personality: In What Contexts Is It Apparent?, Gustavo Carlo, Nancy Eisenberg, Debra Troyer, Galen Switzer, Anna L. Speer
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Hypotheses concerning the specific contexts in which an altruistic personality might be most apparent were investigated, College students completed questionnaires tapping components of an altruistic personality, emotionality, and social desirability. At a 2nd session, the emotional evocativeness and ease of escape from the helping situation were experimentally manipulated. Ss were exposed to a distressed woman, completed state sympathy and personal distress indexes, and were given an opportunity to assist the woman. High scorers on dispositional altruism were expected to assist most when escape was easy, particularly when the distress cues were obvious. Altruistic and emotionally reactive persons were also expected …
Personality And Socialization Correlates Of Vicarious Emotional Responding, Nancy Eisenberg, Richard Fabes, Mark Schaller, Paul Miller, Gustavo Carlo, Rick Poulin, Cindy Shea, Rita Shell
Personality And Socialization Correlates Of Vicarious Emotional Responding, Nancy Eisenberg, Richard Fabes, Mark Schaller, Paul Miller, Gustavo Carlo, Rick Poulin, Cindy Shea, Rita Shell
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
The relations of personality and family characteristics to adults’ negative vicarious emotional responses to sympathy and distress films were examined. Ss reported more sympathy and less personal distress and exhibited less skin conductance as well as heart rate deceleration when viewing a sympathy-evoking film. Dispositional emotional intensity and fantasy empathy were associated with greater self-reported emotional responding and higher skin conductance. Dispositional perspective taking and personal distress were positively and negatively correlated, respectively, with reported vicarious responding to the sympathy film when Ss were administered instructions to imagine the emotions of those in the films. Family cohesiveness was associated with …
Cells That Express All Five Proteins Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus From Cloned Cdnas Support Replication, Assembly, And Budding Of Defective Interfering Particles, Asit K. Pattnaik, Gail W. Wertz
Cells That Express All Five Proteins Of Vesicular Stomatitis Virus From Cloned Cdnas Support Replication, Assembly, And Budding Of Defective Interfering Particles, Asit K. Pattnaik, Gail W. Wertz
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
An alternative approach to structurefunction analysis of vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) gene products and their interactions with one another during each phase of the viral life cycle is described. We showed previously by using the vaccinia viruslT7 RNA polymerase expression system that when cells expressing the nucleocapsid protein (N), the phosphoprotein (NS), and the large polymerase protein (L) of VSV were superinfected with defective interfering (DI) particles, rapid and efflicient replication and amplification of DI particle RNA occurred. Here, we demonstrate that all five VSV proteins can be expressed simultaneously when cells are cotransfected with plasmids containing the matrix protein …
Origin And Evolution Of Defective Interfering Rnas Of Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus, David A. Knorr, Thomas Jack Morris
Origin And Evolution Of Defective Interfering Rnas Of Tomato Bushy Stunt Virus, David A. Knorr, Thomas Jack Morris
School of Biological Sciences: Faculty Publications
Viruses with defective genomes have been identified in association with virtually every major family of viruses and have been widely utilized as tools for investigating virus functions in animal cell culture systems (Perrault, 1981). It is generally thought that defective interfering viruses (DIs) arise through deletion, rearrangement, or recombination of a competent viral genome. DIs tack the ability for independent existence relying on their parental helper viruses to supply factors required for replication, maturation, and/or encapsidation (Huang and Baltimore, 1977). The interference attributed to DIs is thought to result from competition with the helper virus for factors required in trans …
Monoclonal Antibodies To The Fusion Protein Of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Kent M. Mulkey, Gary A. Anderson
Monoclonal Antibodies To The Fusion Protein Of Bovine Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Kent M. Mulkey, Gary A. Anderson
School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications
Five monoclonal antibodies specific for bovine respiratory syncytial virus were characterized by Western immunoblotting, radioimmunoprecipitation, and epitope mapping assays. The monoclonal antibodies were found to be specific for the fusion protein, and there were at least two antigen binding sites, one of which was neutralizing.
Patterns Of Appraisal And Coping Across Different Stressor Conditions Among Former Prisoners Of War With And Without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, John A. Fairbank, David J. Hansen, James M. Fitterling
Patterns Of Appraisal And Coping Across Different Stressor Conditions Among Former Prisoners Of War With And Without Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, John A. Fairbank, David J. Hansen, James M. Fitterling
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Little is known about how survivors of extreme events cope with traumatic memories and subsequent negative life experiences. The present study compared (a) repatriated prisoners of war (RPWs) from World War II (WWII) with chronic posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), (b) RPWs without PTSD, and (c) noncombat veterans on measures of general psychological functioning, appraisal, and coping. Appraisal and coping were assessed under 2 stressor conditions: memories of war/captivity and recent negative life events. RPWs with PTSD reported poorer general psychological functioning; significantly less control over memories of WW II; and more frequent use of self-isolation, wishful thinking, self-blame, and social …
Introduction Of Psychology And Aging: Nebraska Symposium On Motivation 1991, Theo Sonderegger
Introduction Of Psychology And Aging: Nebraska Symposium On Motivation 1991, Theo Sonderegger
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Through the years, the Nebraska Symposium on Motivation has reflected topics of current interest to psychologists. This year is no exception: "psychology and aging" is a subject of concern to all readers no matter what their particular psychological specialties happen to be. All of us-if we are lucky, hope that we will experience the aging process and will join (or continue our membership in) the ever increasing population of the elderly. The quantity of research in the area is growing rapidly; new ideas and theories about the aging process are far from complete and are still emerging-as will be seen …
Trait Psychology Comes Of Age, Paul T. Costa Jr., Robert Mccrae
Trait Psychology Comes Of Age, Paul T. Costa Jr., Robert Mccrae
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
It is sometimes thought that the relation between research on aging and the basic sciences is one-sided: gerontologists take the methods and theories of their specialty and apply them to aging populations, but they rarely initiate theories or report findings that could reshape the basic disciplines themselves. Whatever the truth of this perception in general, it is completely false with regard to the psychology of personality. When Eichorn, Clausen, Haan, Honzik, and Mussen (1981) published their summary of the Berkeley longitudinal studies, Sears and Sears (1982) heralded it as "probably the most important unified research contribution to adult social and …
Priming By “Predictive” Context Stimuli In Visual Classification, John H. Flowers, Dorie Reed, Thomas D. Green
Priming By “Predictive” Context Stimuli In Visual Classification, John H. Flowers, Dorie Reed, Thomas D. Green
Department of Psychology: Faculty Publications
Subjects participated in visual character- and word-classification-tasks-for-which-spatially contiguous context stimuli were exposed 100 or 1,000 msec prior to target onset. These context stimuli were physically identical to the target on 75% of the trials. Substantial facilitation of RT occurred for “valid” trials at both SOA levels. When the target differed from the context stimuli, evidence for priming the response category, as well as the semantic category of the target (letters vs. digits; metal names vs. furniture names), was obtained at the 100-msec SOA, but these effects were attenuated with the 1,000-msec SOA. With a full second to process a stimulus-predictive …
Molecular Epidemiologic Techniques In Analysis Of Epidemic And Endemic Shigella Dysenteriae Type 1 Strains, Nancy A. Strockbine, Julie Parsonnet, Katherine Greene, Julia A. Kiehlbauch, I. Kaye Wachsmuth
Molecular Epidemiologic Techniques In Analysis Of Epidemic And Endemic Shigella Dysenteriae Type 1 Strains, Nancy A. Strockbine, Julie Parsonnet, Katherine Greene, Julia A. Kiehlbauch, I. Kaye Wachsmuth
Public Health Resources
During 1988 the number of Shigella dysenteriae type 1 infections reported in the United States increased fivefold. To determine if recent isolates from Mexico were related to those that caused epidemics of dysentery worldwide, Southern hybridization analysis was done with Shiga toxin and ribosomal RNA gene probes. Western hemisphere and Eastern Hemisphere strains differed by the size of a single EcoRI fragment carrying the Shiga toxin genes. Three ribosomal DNA (rDNA) patterns were observed, which correlated with the strain;s continental origin for 81 of 83 isolates tested. Together the Shiga toxin and rDNA probe results indicated that recent Mexican …
The Use Of Health Service Areas For Measuring Provider Availability, Diane M. Makuc, Bengt Haglund, Deborah D. Ingram, Joel C. Kleinman, Jacob J. Feldman
The Use Of Health Service Areas For Measuring Provider Availability, Diane M. Makuc, Bengt Haglund, Deborah D. Ingram, Joel C. Kleinman, Jacob J. Feldman
Public Health Resources
Measurement of the availability of health care providers in a geographic area is a useful component in assessing access to health care. One of the problems associated with the county provider-to-population ratio as a measure of availability is that patients frequently travel outside their counties of residence for health care, especially those residing in non-metropolitan counties. Thus, in measuring the number of providers per capita, it is important that the geographic unit of analysis be a health service area. We have defined health care service areas for the coterminous United States, based on 1988 Medicare data on travel patterns between …
Habitat Associations And Relative Densities Of Rodent Populations In Cultivated Areas Of Central Argentina, James N. Mills, Barbara A. Ellis, Kelly T. Mckee, Julio I. Maiztegui, James E. Childs
Habitat Associations And Relative Densities Of Rodent Populations In Cultivated Areas Of Central Argentina, James N. Mills, Barbara A. Ellis, Kelly T. Mckee, Julio I. Maiztegui, James E. Childs
Other Publications in Zoonotics and Wildlife Disease
Small mammals were livetrapped during 12 months in crop fields and weedy borders at 18 sites in central Argentina. A total of 1,652 mammals of 14 species was captured during3 3,060 trap-nights. Six species of rodents comprised > 95% of captures. Periodically disturbed fields of crops were dominated by Calomys musculinus and C. laucha, and to a lesser extent Mus musculus. A second group composed of Akodon azarae, Bolomys obscures, and Oligoryzomys flavescens primarily inhabited the more stable, weedy borders of cultivated fields. Peaks in relative densities of C. musculinus, C. laucha, and M . musculus …
Two Copies Of Shiga-Like Toxin Ii-Related Genes Common In Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli Strains Are Responsible For The Antigenic Heterogeneity Of The 0157:H- Strain E32511, Clare K. Schmitt, Marian L. Mckee, Alison D. O'Brien
Two Copies Of Shiga-Like Toxin Ii-Related Genes Common In Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia Coli Strains Are Responsible For The Antigenic Heterogeneity Of The 0157:H- Strain E32511, Clare K. Schmitt, Marian L. Mckee, Alison D. O'Brien
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Thirty-two clinical isolates of Shiga-like toxin (SLT)-producing Escherichia coli associated with single cases or outbreaks of bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, the hemolytic uremic syndrome, or edema disease of swine were examined for multiple copies of genes belonging to the slt-I or slt-II toxin families. Five of 19 strains that were known to produce SLT-II or to hybridize to slt-II-specific probes by colony blot were found by Southern hybridization to contain two copies of toxin genes related to slt-II. The genes for two toxins closely related to slt-II were cloned from one of the isolates, Escherichia …
Evaluation Of The Role Of Shiga And Shiga-Like Toxins In Mediating Direct Damage To Human Vascular Endothelial Cells, Vernon L. Tesh, James E. Samuel, Liyanage P. Perera, John B. Sharefkin, Alison D. O'Brien
Evaluation Of The Role Of Shiga And Shiga-Like Toxins In Mediating Direct Damage To Human Vascular Endothelial Cells, Vernon L. Tesh, James E. Samuel, Liyanage P. Perera, John B. Sharefkin, Alison D. O'Brien
Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences
Infection with Shinga toxin- and Shinga-like toxin -producing strains of Shigella dysenteriae and Escherichia coli, respectively, can progress to the hemolytic-uremic syndrome. It has been hypothesized that circulating Shinga toxin, Shinga-like toxins, and endotoxins may contribute to the disease by directly damaging glomerular endothelial cells. The effects of these toxins on HeLa, Vero, and human vascular endothelial cells (EC) were examined. Confluent EC were sensitive to Shinga toxin but were at least 106-fold less sensitive to the toxins than were Vero cells. Shinga toxin was the predominant cytotoxic factor. Lipopolysaccharides were not cytotoxic and did not augment …
Dietary And Parasitological Analysis Of Coprolites Recovered From Mummy 5, Ventana Cave, Arizona, Karl Reinhard, Richard H. Hevly
Dietary And Parasitological Analysis Of Coprolites Recovered From Mummy 5, Ventana Cave, Arizona, Karl Reinhard, Richard H. Hevly
Karl Reinhard Publications
Four coprolites were excavated with Burial 5 at Ventana Cave. a partially mummified five-year-old child. Two coprolites were granular and dark in color and two were fibrous and light in color. The coprolites are remains of the child's intestinal contents and were submitted for dietary and parasitological analysis. No parasites were found. The fibrous coprolites proved to be remains of highly masticated mesquite pods (Prosopis). The granular coprolites consist of seeds of saguaro cactus (Carnegiea gigantea). Pollen analysis reveals two dietary pollen types, both derived from cactus. No evidence of cultivated plants except for a trace amount of …