Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Forecasting Model For Disease Propensity Using Ehr Data, Soodabeh Sarafrazi, Omar Sharif, Matthew Domingo, Jie Han, Michael Chang, Omid Khazaie, Anil Kemisetti

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Many diseases such as diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are actionable, i.e. they are preventable by early intervention. One to two years of early warning would represent a huge advance in dealing with these conditions and could help prevent further complications such as heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, blindness, and amputation. In this project, we are developing an extensible condition forecasting model to assess the risk of diabetes and heart problems in patients in advance. Using TensorFlow, Elastic MapReduce (EMR), and AWS Sagemaker, we are training a Wide and Deep Neural Network on a dataset of more than 170 million electronic …

Synthesis Of A Zn(Ii)-Responsive Paracest Mri Agent For Improved Diagnosis Of Prostate Cancer, Megan Martin, Holly Clancy

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

In the United States, prostate cancer is the leading type of cancer diagnosed in men. Prostate cancer is currently diagnosed with the Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) test; however, it leads to many false positives and therefore unneeded biopsies. Previous studies have shown that cancerous prostates have a much lower concentration of zinc than healthy prostates. The goal of this project is to create an MRI contrast agent capable of non-invasively quantifying zinc in the human prostate. Five out of the eight synthetic steps have been successfully completed so far, and the identities of these intermediate products have been verified by ^{1 …}

Impact Of Quinoline Amide Substituents On The Luminescence And Paracest Mri Properties Of Bimodal Europium (Iii) Complexes, Brooke Aloe, Marisa Poveda, Osasere M. Evbuomwan

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Lanthanide ions exhibit optical imaging properties; however, the amount of energy needed to directly excite these ions could potentially be damaging to biological tissue. To overcome this limitation, organic chromophores, such as quinolines, can be used to absorb the excited light and transfer the energy obtained to the attached lanthanide ion. This intramolecular energy transfer results in the sensitization of the lanthanide ion luminescence. The goal of this project is to assess how the amide proton position in relation to the quinoline substituent affects the sensitivity of luminescence and the optical imaging properties of Europium (III) complexes. To achieve this …

Effect Of Salt Concentration On Electrochemical Detection Of Dna, Ziming Dong, Eddie Madrigal, Ryan West Dr.

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Electrochemical approaches for biological sensing offer the potential advantages of facile sample preparation, fast response times, ease of parallel and multiplexed measurements, and the possibility of miniaturization (of sample sizes, electrodes, and associated electronics). All of these factors contribute towards the feasibility of electrochemical methods in biological sensing and analysis. This potential has already been achieved with the commercialization of blood glucose meters, which often rely on an electrochemical transduction mechanism. We have previously demonstrated the ability to electrochemically detect and differentiate complementary and mismatched DNA using our method of melting DNA duplexes at electrified gold surfaces, i.e. e-melting. Recently, …

Deep Learning, Medical Physics And Cargo Cult Science., Miguel Romero Phd, Gilmer Valdes Phd, Timothy Solberg Phd, Yannet Interian Phd

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Deep learning algorithms have become widely popular, with considerable success in fields where datasets have hundreds of thousands or million points. As deep learning is increasingly applied to the fields of medical physics and radiation oncology, a reasonable question follows: are these techniques the best approach, given the unique conditions in our field? In this study, we investigate the dependence of dataset size on the performance of deep learning algorithms compared with more traditional radiomics-based methods.

The Impact Of Being Born With Cleft And Cleft Reparative Surgery On Overall Health And Speech Outcomes, Khatansuudal Kira Evsanaa, Sam Manning, Jeriemiah Maller

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Orofacial cleft is one of the most common and treatable birth defects in the world. If left untreated, orofacial cleft can impair normal speech development, and could lead to a number of health consequences later in life. The main motivation of the study is to measure the impact of being born with cleft and the cleft reparative surgery on overall speech and health for teenagers in India using difference-in-differences approach along with household fixed effects method. Overall health outcome was measured using height, weight, grip strength and BMI, and the speech outcome was measured using “Universal Parameters of Speech Evaluation”. …

Human Breast Tumor Cells Support Productive Hcmv Infection, Kaitlin Branch

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths among women. While many risk factors for breast cancer are known, viral infection has emerged as a potential factor in tumor development. Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) generally causes mild or asymptomatic infection; however, recent evidence links HCMV to breast cancer. In particular, the viral cytokine cmvIL-10 promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion of breast cancer cells in culture. Since HCMV is transmitted via human breast milk, we hypothesized that breast tumor cells could become infected and produce cmvIL-10. HCMV infection of breast cancer cells was confirmed with fluorescence microscopy. Viral gene expression was …

The Impact Of Cleft Lip And Palate Repair Surgery On Cognitive And Academic Outcomes For Teens In India, Jeremiah R. Maller

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

India has a backlog of an estimated 1,000,000 patients in need of cleft lip and palate repair. Unrepaired clefts result in social stigma and diminished psychological well-being, physical health and academic functioning. Cleft repair surgery has the potential to restore functioning in these domains. However, the magnitude of the social, educational, and economic impact of cleft repair surgery has not been evaluated using statistically rigorous methods. An estimation of the psychosocial and educational impact of cleft repair has implications for the appropriate allocation of public health resources. We use data gathered from teenagers in India. A difference-in-differences method is employed …

Dax-1 Gene Expression Regulation In Prostate Cancer Cells Through The Activation Of Androgen Receptors, Ryan Jann, Roxxana Beltran

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

The nuclear hormone receptor DAX-1 (dosage-sensitive sex reversal, adrenal hypoplasia critical region, on chromosome X, gene 1) is associated with the development and progression of prostate cancer within human males. Previous studies on DAX-1 have suggested a repression of steroidogenesis, indicating an inverse correlation between DAX-1 and steroidogenic gene expressions. To further understand the role of DAX-1 in tumor growth and development, experimentation was performed on Androgen Receptor (AR) sensitive and insensitive prostate cancer cell lines. Analysis of the different gene expression patterns of prostate cancer cell lines (including a CRISPR DAX-1 negative cell line) under separate treatment conditions, provides …

Redefining Medicine: The Epistemology, Political Theory, And Phenomenology Of Health And Disease, Jacqline J. Murillo

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

This thesis argues that health needs to be redefined in a more comprehensive fashion, namely as a physiological/biological state, with social, environmental, and individual determinants always related to one’s personal needs to achieve one’s life plan. The benefits of this new definition include more emphasis on the distribution of health as a social good.

Additionally, redefining health puts the value of the individual’s life rather than the strict monetary value of their needed treatment as a focal point. It also draws more attention to medicine as a practice of care, rather than viewing it simply as a technology or science, …

Virus-Host Co-Evolution: Determining The Origin Of Human Cytomegalovirus Us27 And Us28, Jessica A. Scarborough, Juliet Spencer, John Paul

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are the largest family of cell surface proteins, found in organisms from yeast to humans. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a widespread pathogen that is particularly skilled at evading immune detection and defense mechanisms, largely due to extensive co-evolution with its host’s immune system. One aspect of this co-evolution involves the acquisition of four virally encoded GPCR homologs: US27, US28, UL33 and UL78. In this research, phylogenetic analysis was used to investigate the origins of the US27 and US28 genes, which are adjacent in the viral genome. The results indicate that both US27 and US28 share the …

Torn Between Two Diseases: Changes In Tgfβ Signaling Prevents Diabetes But Promotes Neuropathy, Vasalya Panchumarthi

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease that affects millions of children and adults worldwide. In this disease, white blood cells (Leukocytes) invade, attack, and destroy the Islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, resulting in increased blood glucose levels. Patients with T1D must use exogenous insulin injections, which can lead to many side effects over the lifespan of the person. Therefore, understanding the pathogenesis of this disease is crucial to develop new treatments for patients. The non-obese diabetic (NOD) mouse is a rodent model of T1D as well as other autoimmune diseases such as Sjogren’s syndrome, where immune cells …

The Importance Of Treatment For Foster Youth, Lyl T. Cartagena

Creative Activity and Research Day - CARD

This presentation provides an overview of mental health interventions including highlights of their outcomes.The summary of the extant findings helps identify the strengths and deficits of what has been done, and supports a call for further research in order to change current methods of care provided along with developing an improved method of treatment for foster care youth.