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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

"Black Knight Checks White King": The Conflict Between Avery Brundage And The African Nations Over South African Membership In The Ioc, Shayne P. Quick Dec 1990

"Black Knight Checks White King": The Conflict Between Avery Brundage And The African Nations Over South African Membership In The Ioc, Shayne P. Quick

Shayne Quick

Extract: During the 1960s, the conflict within the International Olympic Committee (IOC) over South African participation and representation in Olympic affairs reached such heightened stage that tension existed for the greater part of this decade. The intensity and significance of the debate directly related to the power struggle within the IOC during this time. The IOCs conservative hierarchy, led by the organisation's president Avery Brundage, was the leading force seeking to restrain the larger movement to expel the South African National Olympic Committee (SANOC). While the Brundage led group was initially able to ward off this challenge the newly admitted …


A Small Area Simulation Approach To Determining Variation In Dental Procedure Rates, Paula Diehr Nov 1990

A Small Area Simulation Approach To Determining Variation In Dental Procedure Rates, Paula Diehr

Paula Diehr

All small area analyses need to compare the observed variability in rates to that expected by chance alone, but the expected variability is usually not known. This paper uses patient-level data for five dental procedures to simulate the distributions of the summary statistics that are usually generated in such studies. These statistics are found to vary greatly even under the "null hypothesis" that all dentists are using procedures at the same rates. The simulated dentist rates are compared to observed rates obtained in a different study. These findings illustrate problems that can occur in small area analysis studies, and emphasize …


Use Of A Preferred Provider Plan By Employees Of The City Of Seattle, Paula Diehr Nov 1990

Use Of A Preferred Provider Plan By Employees Of The City Of Seattle, Paula Diehr

Paula Diehr

Little is known about the use of services in a preferred provider organization (PPO). We studied a preferred provider arrangement between Pacific Medical Center and employees of the City of Seattle. In the second 12 months of this program 8,529 subjects submitted at least one claim; of these, only 420 (4.9%) ever used the preferred provider. Those who used the PPO at least once differed significantly from those who never used it on age, sex, employee/dependent status, and utilization in the previous year. Outpatient and total charges were higher for PPO users than for nonusers before and after control for …


Fibrous Lesions Of The Gingiva: A Histopathologic Analysis Of 204 Cases, Rosnah Binti Zain, Fei Y. J. Oct 1990

Fibrous Lesions Of The Gingiva: A Histopathologic Analysis Of 204 Cases, Rosnah Binti Zain, Fei Y. J.

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

Two hundred four cases of fibrous lesions of the gingiva were studied histologically for the presence of calcified tissue, the nature of the connective tissue, the type of keratinization, and the degree of epithelial thickness. Initially these lesions were subcategorized into four specific entities, namely fibrous epulis, fibroepithelial polyp, calcifying fibroblastic granuloma, and ossifying fibrous epulis. It was found that 46.5% of the lesions contained calcifications. The connective tissue was represented predominantly by either the collagenous type (50.5%) or the mixed (cellular and collagenous) type (44.6%). It was also found that 36% of the lesions were ulcerated, and, of these, …


Prevalence Of Oral Soft-Tissue Lesions In Out-Patients At 2 Malaysian And Thai Dental Schools, Axell T., Rosnah Binti Zain, Siwamogstham P., Tantiniran D., Thampipit J. Apr 1990

Prevalence Of Oral Soft-Tissue Lesions In Out-Patients At 2 Malaysian And Thai Dental Schools, Axell T., Rosnah Binti Zain, Siwamogstham P., Tantiniran D., Thampipit J.

Prof. Dr. Rosnah Binti Zain

At the Faculties of Dentistry in Chiang Mai, Thailand (CM), and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (KL), 234 and 233 consecutive out-patients of mean ages 33.8 and 31.0 yr, respectively, were examined for the presence of oral mucosal lesions. Tobacco in some form was regularly used by 31.7% and 27.5% of the study populations in CM and KL, respectively. Cigarette smoking was the predominant habit. In CM three persons chewed betel quids and nine smoked banana leaf cigars daily. In addition, there were 24 habitual chewers of tea leaves (miang). In KL six persons chewed betel quids daily. In CM and KL …


What Is Too Much Variation? The Null Hypothesis In Small-Area Analysis, Paula Diehr Feb 1990

What Is Too Much Variation? The Null Hypothesis In Small-Area Analysis, Paula Diehr

Paula Diehr

A small-area analysis (SAA) in health services research often calculates surgery rates for several small areas, compares the largest rate to the smallest, notes that the difference is large, and attempts to explain this discrepancy as a function of service availability, physician practice styles, or other factors. SAAs are often difficult to interpret because there is little theoretical basis for determining how much variation would be expected under the null hypothesis that all of the small areas have similar underlying surgery rates and that the observed variation is due to chance. We developed a computer program to simulate the distribution …


Stanford-Binet Iv Intelligence Scale: Is Its Structure Supported By Lisrel Congeneric Factor Analyses?, Gregory J. Boyle Jan 1990

Stanford-Binet Iv Intelligence Scale: Is Its Structure Supported By Lisrel Congeneric Factor Analyses?, Gregory J. Boyle

Gregory J. Boyle

Boyle (Personality and Individual Differences, 10, 709-715, 1989b) conducted an iterative principal factoring and oblique rotation of the standardisation sample (n = 5,013) for the revised Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale (Fourth Edition). Nevertheless, because of the exploratory methodology employed, the results were problematic. Keith, Cool, Novak, White and Pottebaum (1988)-(Journal of School Psychology, 26, 253-274) had previously carried out a confirmatory factor analysis and had concluded that the results supported the four Area dimensions (Verbal Reasoning, Quantitative Reasoning, Abstract/Visual Reasoning, and Short-Term Memory) in the new instrument. As congeneric factor analysis via LISREL has not yet been performed, the present paper …


Propaganda, Puffing And The Public Interest: The Scientific Smoke Screen For Cigarettes, Richard W. Pollay Jan 1990

Propaganda, Puffing And The Public Interest: The Scientific Smoke Screen For Cigarettes, Richard W. Pollay

Richard W. Pollay

No abstract provided.


Advertising Sexism Is Forgiven, But Not Forgotten: Historical, Cross-Cultural And Individual Differences In Criticism And Purchase Boycott Intentions, Richard W. Pollay Jan 1990

Advertising Sexism Is Forgiven, But Not Forgotten: Historical, Cross-Cultural And Individual Differences In Criticism And Purchase Boycott Intentions, Richard W. Pollay

Richard W. Pollay

No abstract provided.


Advertising And Cultural Values: Reflections In The Distorted Mirror, Richard W. Pollay Jan 1990

Advertising And Cultural Values: Reflections In The Distorted Mirror, Richard W. Pollay

Richard W. Pollay

No abstract provided.


Cirrhosis In The Trauma Victim --- Effect On Mortality-Rates, Glen Tinkoff, Michael Rhodes, Daniel Diamond, Joseph F. Lucke Jan 1990

Cirrhosis In The Trauma Victim --- Effect On Mortality-Rates, Glen Tinkoff, Michael Rhodes, Daniel Diamond, Joseph F. Lucke

Joseph Lucke

To evaluate the impact cirrhosis has on survival the records of 40 cirrhotic trauma victims from the registries of two Level 1 trauma centers were reviewed and probability of survival calculated using the TRISS methodology. Mechanism of injury, anatomic location, involvement of single or multiple sites, presence of ascites, elevations in serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase, serum bilirubin, prothrombin time (PT), and hypoalbuminemia were tabulated for each patient. Contingency tables were created for injury and hepatic parameters, as related to survival, and subjected to chi square analysis. Loglinear analysis was performed on all significant parameters to evaluate the …