Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Embodied Work: Insider Perspectives On The Work Of Hiv/Aids Peer Counselors, D.K. Messias, L Moneyham, M. Vyavaharkar, C. Murdaugh, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

Our aim in this study was to explore HIV/AIDS peer counseling from the perspective of women actively engaged in this work within the context of a community-based program in rural areas of the southeastern United States. Based on this research we suggest that the embodied work of HIV/AIDS peer counselors is constructed around their personal identities and experiences. This work involves gaining entry to other HIV-positive women’s lives, building relationships, drawing on personal experiences, facing issues of fear and stigma, tailoring peer counseling for diversity, balancing risks and benefits, and terminating relationships. Peer counselors recognize the personal and collective value …

Moderate Intensity Exercise Training Reverses Functional Aerobic Impairment In Hiv-Infected Individuals, Kenneth D. Phillips`

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Creativity In Older Adults: A Plethora Of Possibilities, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Social Support, Coping, And Medication Adherence Among Hiv-Positive Women With Depression Living In Rural Areas Of The Southeastern United States, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

A Look At Tuberculosis And Its Relationship To Hiv/Aids, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Perceived Stress In Hiv-Infected Individuals: Physiological And Psychological Correlates, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Alcohol And Other Drug Disorders, Comorbidity And Violence In Rural African American Women, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Hiv/Aids Peer Counselors' Perspectives On Intervention Delivery Formats, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Counteracting Muscle Wasting In Hiv-Infected Individuals, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Spiritual Well-Being, Sleep Disturbance And Mental And Physical Health Status In Hiv-Infected Individuals, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Predictors Of Quality Of Life In Hiv-Infected Rural Women: Psychometric Test Of The Chronic Illness Quality Of Life Ladder, C. Murdaugh, L. Moneyham, K. Jackson, Kenneth D. Phillips, A. Tavakoli

Kenneth D. Phillips

The Chronic Illness Quality of Life Ladder (CIQOLL) underwent psychometric testing in a sample of 278 women with HIV disease. The CIQOLL, a self-anchoring striving scale based on Cantril’s Ladder, measures seven domains (physical , emotional, financial, family and friends, spiritual well-being, peace of mind, and overall life satisfaction) across four time periods (present, past, future, life without a diagnosis of HIV). The domains were derived from focus groups with persons with HIV disease. Women with a diagnosis of HIV Infection, age 18 or older, residing in rural areas in the southeastern United States, completed questionnaires that measured physical functioning, …

Stress Reduction As A Means To Enhance Oral Immunity In Hiv-Infected Individuals, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Sleep Disturbance And Depression As Barriers To Adherence, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Sleep Quality And Health-Related Quality Of Life In Hiv-Infected African-American Women Of Childbearing Age, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

A Peer-Based Substance Abuse Intervention For Hiv+ Rural Women: A Pilot Study, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Patterns Of Risk Of Depressive Symptoms Among Hiv-Positive Women In The Southeastern United States, Linda Moneyham, Carolyn Murdaugh, Kenneth D. Phillips, Kirby Jackson, Abbas Tavakoli, Mary Boyd, Medha Vyavaharkar

Kenneth D. Phillips

Depressive symptoms are a common response to HIV disease, and women appear to be at particularly high risk. The authors report results from a crosssectional analysis of data collected from 280 rural women with HIV/AIDS in the Southeastern United States aimed at identifying risk factors of depressive symptoms. Stress theory provided a framework for identification of potential risk factors. Descriptive statistics, measures of association, and regression analyses were used to systematically identify patterns of risk. The final regression model included 22 factors that accounted for 69% of the variance in depressive symptoms. The majority of variance in depressive symptoms was …

Physiological And Psychological Effects Of Exercise Interventions In Hiv Disease, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Depression In Hiv-Infected Patients: Allopathic, Complementary, And Alternative Treatments, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Physical Activity And Immunity In Hiv-Infected Individuals, C.M. Bopp, Kenneth D. Phillips, L.J. Fulk, W.D. Dudgeon, R.L. Sowell

Kenneth D. Phillips

The purpose of this study was to determine what relationship exists among physical activity levels and viral load and CD4+ cell count in HIV-infected individuals. Increased viral load is associated with disease progression and symptom severity. A convenience sample of 66 male and female subjects between the ages of 18 and 64 years of age (mean 399/8) was recruited from a hospital-based HIV/AIDS clinic. Components of PA were assessed for three continuous days using a mini-motion logger wrist actigraph. These components included mean PA level, and PA index and acceleration index. Pearson’s correlational analysis was used to test the strength …

Physiological And Psychological Correlates Of Fatigue In Hiv/Aids, Kenneth D. Phillips, R.L. Sowell, M. Rojas, A. Tavakoli

Kenneth D. Phillips

Fatigue is a frequent symptom reported by persons living with HIV disease and one that affects all aspects of quality of life. To improve quality of care of persons with HIV disease, it is important to address all factors that contribute to fatigue. The purpose of this study was to determine the associations of physiological, psychological, and sociological factors with fatigue in an HIV-infected population. With Piper’s integrated fatigue model guiding selection, factors examined in this study were hemoglobin, hematocrit, CD4+ cell count, HIV-RNA viral load, total sleep time, sleep quality, daytime sleepiness, HIV-related symptoms, anxiety, depression, and perceived stress. …

Psychological And Physiological Correlates Of Sleep In Hiv Infection, Jennifer L. Robbins, Kenneth D. Phillips, Wesley D. Dudgeon, Gregory A. Hand

Kenneth D. Phillips

Insomnia, a common problem associated with HIV disease, is most likely caused by a multitude of factors. This study investigated the correlations between a selected group of physiological and psychological factors and sleep quality in an HIV-infected population. A convenience sample of 79 ethnically diverse HIVpositive adults, ages 24 to 63, completed a number of questionnaires and released their laboratory records for CD4+ cell count and viral load information. Variables significantly related to sleep quality were HIV-related symptoms, total pain, fatigue, depression, state anxiety, and the number of adults in the household. Findings support the need for health care providers …

Disclosure Of Hiv Infection: How Do Women Decide To Tell?, R.L. Sowell, B.F. Seals, Kenneth D. Phillips, C.H. Julious

Kenneth D. Phillips

This descriptive study explores the phenomenon of disclosure of HIV infection by women. Specifically, we examined women’s level of disclosure to various groups and how these disclosure decisions are made. The sample consisted of 322 HIV-infected women residing in the southern US. Participants were predominantly African-American, single women of reproductive age with yearly incomes less than $10 000. Data were collected at the first interview of a longitudinal study of reproductive decision making. Findings showed that the majority of the women had disclosed to some sex partners, close family and friends, and health care professionals. However, for a group of …

Clinical Implications Of Therapeutic Exercise In Hiv/Aids, C. Bopp, Kenneth D. Phillips, L.J. Fulk, G.A. Hand

Kenneth D. Phillips

No abstract provided.

Differentiation And Treatment Of Anemia In Hiv Disease, Kenneth D. Phillips, M Groer

Kenneth D. Phillips

Anemia is a frequent complication of HIV disease that contributes to decreased quality of life and increased morbidity and mortality. The three major categories of anemia in HIV disease are anemia due to impaired red blood cell production, anemia due to increased red blood cell destruction, and anemia due to increased red blood cell loss. Although anemia of chronic illness is the most common type of anemia in HIV disease, other classifications of anemia may be encountered. Understanding the pathophysiology of anemia and laboratory tests that are frequently used to establish the differential diagnosis of anemia helps to ensure that …

Incidence And Correlates Of Violence Among Hiv-Infected Women At Risk For Pregnancy In The Southeastern United States, R.L. Sowell, Kenneth D. Phillips, B. Seals, C. Murdaugh, C. Rush

Kenneth D. Phillips

To identify the incidence and correlates of physical and sexual violence among HIV-infected women at risk for pregnancy, a cross-sectional examination was conducted within a longitudinal study of reproductive decision making. Participants consisted of 275 HIVinfected women 17 to 49 years of age (mean = 30.1 years).Women were predominantly African American (87%) and single (82%), with annual incomes of $10,000 or less (66%). Overall, 68% of the women reported experiencing lifetime physical and/or sexual violence. Before becoming HIV infected, 65% of the women reported having been physically or sexually abused. After HIV diagnosis, 33% of the women reported experiencing physical …

Family Functioning And Motivation For Childbearing Among Hiv-Infected Women At Increased Risk For Pregnancy, B.C. Latham, R.L. Sowell, Kenneth D. Phillips

Kenneth D. Phillips

This study examined family composition and functioning in a cohort of HIVinfected women of reproductive age living in the southern United States. Participants were predominantly single (82.2%), African American women (86.7%) with annual incomes of less than $10,000 (65.5%), with a mean age of 31.2 years. Using the Family Apgar Scale as a measure of perceived family functioning, women reported that their families functioned moderately well. Multiple regression analysis showed that level of education, life satisfaction, and coping through avoidance and coping by seeking social support were positively associated with family functioning. In contrast, a history of interpersonal verbal violence …

Psychosocial And Physiologic Correlates Of Perceived Health Among Hiv-Infected Women, Kenneth D. Phillips, R.L. Sowell, C.J. Rush, C.L. Murdaugh

Kenneth D. Phillips

The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to perception of physical health in a cohort of HIV-infected women. A descriptive correlational design was used to identify factors influencing perceived physical health in a sample of 275 HIV-infected women in Georgia, South Carolina, and North Carolina. Participants were predominantly single African-American women with household incomes of less than $10,000 per year.

Using Spearman’s rho, statistically significant positive correlations (p < .05) were found between perceived physical health and T helper cell count, hope, present life satisfaction, education, and income. Statistically significant positive correlations (p <.05) were observed between perceived physical health and three HIV-specific active coping styles (managing the illness, focusing on others, and positive thinking). Inverse relationships were observed between perceived physical health and HIVrelated symptoms, stage of illness, depression, physical and sexual violence experienced since becoming HIV-infected, history of drug use since becoming HIV-infected, and age. Using backward stepwise selection, 9 of 14 variables were retained in the final model that explained 60% of the variance in physical health at the p < .10 level of significance (R2 = .60). Variables that demonstrated a significant relationship with perceived physical health were HIV-related symptoms, depression, present life satisfaction, age, education, coping by managing the illness, coping through positive thinking, and coping by focusing on the present. These findings support the need to address the psychosocial as well as the physiologic factors associated with HIV/AIDS in developing comprehensive plans of nursing care.

Effects Of Individualized Acupuncture On Sleep Quality In Hiv Disease, Kenneth D. Phillips, W.D. Skelton

Kenneth D. Phillips

Although it may begin at any point, sleep disturbance often appears early in HIV disease and contributes to decreased quality of life during the course of the illness. Relatively few studies have explored the complex nature of poor sleep quality in HIV disease or tested interventions to improve sleep quality. The purpose of this study was threefold: explore the nature of sleep quality in HIV disease, test the relationship between pain and sleep quality, and test the effectiveness of acupuncture delivered in a group setting for improving sleep quality in those who are HIV infected. A pretest, post-test, pre-experimental design …

Hiv-Infected Women And Motivation To Add Children To Their Families, R.L. Sowell, Kenneth D. Phillips, T.R. Misener

Kenneth D. Phillips

The purpose of this descriptive study was to identify how susceptible women perceived their babies to be to perinatal transmission of HIV and to examine factors that influence a woman’s motivation to have a baby. The sample consisted of 45 African American women living in South Carolina and Georgia. Data were collected during face-to-face interviews. A researcher-developed scale, Motivation for Childbearing in HIV-Positive Women, provided reliable and valid data on factors that motivated or deterred a woman’s decision to have a baby. This study supported prior findings that HIV status is not the most important influence on a woman’s reproductive …

Health Care Provider's Influence On Hiv-Infected Women's Belief And Intentions Related To Azt Therapy, R.L. Sowell, Kenneth D. Phillips, C. Murdaugh, A. Tavakoli

Kenneth D. Phillips

This study examined how women’s relationship with their primary health care provider (PHP) and their perceptions about how effective their PHPs believe zidovudine (AZT) to be in decreasing perinatal transmission related to women’s AZT beliefs and intentions. It used a cross-sectional design to collect data from 59 HIV-infected African American women. Almost half the women (45%) had given birth since HIV diagnosis. Most of the babies born to HIV-infected mothers (87%) were seronegative. Data analysis with Pearson’s r indicated that the quality of the women’s relationship with their PHP was positively correlated to how important the PHP would be in …