Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

Analysis Of The Effects Of Tgf-Β Mediated Reduction Of Caveolin-1 Expression Following Cellular Interaction With A Biological Extracellular Matrix, Shelby Sweat, Abigail Hielscher

Research Day

Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Though extensive work has been done to address the underlying mechanism of disease in order to develop novel therapeutic agents, only recently has the focus been shifted from breast cancer cells to the tumor microenvironment. Caveolin-1, a membrane protein regulating fibronectin turnover, has been directly implicated in poor prognosis when downregulated. In order to determine whether or not fibronectin works directly to downregulate caveolin-1, we plated human mammary fibroblasts on fibronectin derived from human plasma and observed changes in caveolin-1 at 24 and 48 hours. We found that fibronectin …

Therapeutic Management Of Lower Extremity Arterial Bypass Graft Occlusion: Case Report, Young Park, Dusty L. Lisi

Research Day

Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease is primarily caused by atherosclerosis and thromboembolic processes that alter the normal functions of the arteries of lower extremities. Surgical revascularization is indicated in patients with limb ischemia without adequate improvement by exercise rehabilitation and pharmacologic therapy and significant limitations of daily activities. Bypass graft occlusion may result due to various reasons such as: technical complication of the graft, thrombosis due to inadequate outflow of blood, myointimal hyperplasia, or progression of atherosclerosis. Intra-arterial thrombolysis is a common method of treatment in lower extremity bypass graft occlusions (Koraen). Results of a prospective, randomized trial demonstrated that …

Xanthohumol Stimulates The Secretion Of Catecholamines And Induces M2 Polarization In Raw 264.7 Macrophages, Janaiya Samuels, Stephen Alvarez, Huy Dinh, Rangaiah Shashidharamurthy, Srujana Rayalam

Research Day

Anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-cancer effects of xanthohumol (XN), a prenylated chalcone extracted from common hop plants, are gaining attention and research has been expanding on the beneficial effects of this compound. In this study, we have investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of XN using a mouse monocytic cell line, RAW 264.7. We hypothesized that the anti-inflammatory effects of XN are due to M2 polarization of macrophages which, in turn, is mediated partly through the adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway. RAW 264.7 cells were treated with either 0.1% DMSO or XN at varying concentrations for 24hrs. Cell culture supernatant was …

The Anti-Obesity Effects Of Xanthohumol Are Mediated Partly By The Adenosine Monophosphate-Protein Kinase Signaling Pathway, Janaiya Samuels, Srujana Rayalam

Research Day

Xanthohumol (XN), a flavonoid compound extracted from the hop plant Humulus lupus, has been studied for its anti-cancer and anti-adipogenic effects. In this study, we have investigated the effects of XN on the inhibition of adipogenesis and the induction of browning in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Furthermore, we provide evidence for the first time on the role of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway in XN-induced anti-obesity effects. Browning of white adipose tissue, WAT, is emerging as a novel approach to address obesity. AMPK is activated in response to stress-like exposure to cold and has been shown to induce browning of …

Magnetic Drug Delivery Of Xanthohumol To Adipocytes Using Ultrasmall Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles., Irandokht Khaki Najafabadi, Janaiya Samuels, Royce Dansby-Sparks, Srujana Rayalam, Vicky Mody

Research Day

According to the CDC’s National Center for Health Statistics, more than one-third (36.5%) of U.S adults are obese. It is the main risk factor for type-2-diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. Nutraceuticals such as Xanthohumol have shown potential to inhibit adipogeneis, however, their bioavailability has remained controversial. Hence there is a need to develop targeted therapy which will increase the concentration of Xanthohumol on adipose tissues. Currently, magnetic drug delivery has been used to develop targeted therapies where conventional therapies have proven to be less effective. Among various types of nanoparticles ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (USPIO) have found considerable attention …

The Role Of Caveolin-1 Deficient Human Mammary Fibroblasts On Chemotherapy Resistance In Breast Cancer Cells, Katherine Keck, Abigail Hielscher

Research Day

Chemotherapy is one of the most widely used treatments of various breast cancers; however, it has been shown that carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) induce chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer cells (BCCs). Previous research has shown that the downregulation of caveolin-1 (cav-1), a structural component of membrane caveolae, promotes a CAF-like phenotype in stromal cells. This study was performed to evaluate the effect that downregulation of caveolin-1 in mammary fibroblasts imparts on chemotherapy resistance in BCCs. To determine the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of chemotherapy agents on BCCs, MDA-MB-231 (MDA) and MCF-7 BCCs were treated for 24 and 48 hours with …

Evaluating The Effectiveness Of Pharmacy Practice Residents In Preceptorship And Academia Through A Postgraduate Year 1 (Pgy-1) Teaching Certificate Program, Samuel N. John

Research Day

The Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine (PCOM) School of Pharmacy launched its first residency program in July 2015 and attained full accreditation by the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists in April 2017. The residency program offers a required teaching certificate to its residents in addition to its focus on the residents clinical development. The purpose of this study was to evaluate outcomes of the PCOM Teaching and Learning Curriculum. This program provides its residents training needed to develop their teaching skills by attending mandatory seminars, participating in various teaching experiences (pharmacy practice laboratories, case studies in therapeutics, small and large …

Retrospective Review Of Maternal And Fetal Outcomes For Indigent Gestational Diabetes Clinic, Sara Wilson Reece, Harish S. Parihar, Mark Martinez

Research Day

This poster presentation will detail the history of indigent gestational diabetes clinic as well as describe methods, results and conclusions for 2 year retrospective chart review for 157 pregestational and gestational Latino diabetes patients. The objective of this review was to determine if there were statistically significant differences in maternal and fetal outcomes between diet only and diet + insulin groups.

Pharmacist Intervention On The Stroke Team In The Emergency Department, Keith Johnson, Mary James, Samuel N. John

Research Day

Introduction:

Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) remains the only medication proven to positively affect outcomes in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke. tPA is given intravenously (IV) and dosed based on the patient’s weight. The national goal Door-to-needle (DTN) time is less than 60 minutes. The primary objective of this review is to assess the door-to-needle time in patients receiving tPA for the treatment of acute ischemic stroke when a pharmacist is present to mix tPA versus when a pharmacist is not present.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective chart review to gather data on the administration of tPA at Gwinnett Medical …

Appropriateness Of Statin Dose In High Risk Patients Post-Pci/Cabg At Gwinnett Medical Center, Brandon Cunningham, Samuel N. John

Research Day

Title: Appropriateness of Statin Dose in High Risk Patients Post-PCI/CABG at Gwinnett Medical Center

Primary investigator: Brandon Cunningham, PharmD

Mentor: Mary George, PharmD

Background: American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines for cholesterol and acute coronary syndrome (ACS) recommend high intensity statins for secondary prevention in high-risk coronary artery disease patients as they have been proven to significantly reduce recurrence of cardiovascular events. Analyses and reports have shown that major gaps still remain in implementation of high-intensity statins in these patients, despite strong guideline recommendations.

Based on these previous analyses and observations in prescribing practices, we decided to …

Direct And Indirect Effects Of Guggulsterone On The Induction Of Beiging In Mature 3t3-L1 Adipocytes, Janaiya Samuels, Colette Miller, Yusra Azhar, Ashish Parmar, Rangaiah Shashidharamurthy, Srujana Rayalam

Research Day

Phytochemicals have long demonstrated anti-obesity properties in adipocytes. Their ability, however, to induce browning in white adipose tissue is only beginning to emerge. We have recently established that the white adipocyte cell line, 3T3-L1, is capable of beiging under beta-adrenergic conditions. Using this information, we sought to investigate if the plant steroid guggulsterone (GS) can induce beiging in 3T3-L1s. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated using established protocols supplemented with rosiglitazone and thyroid hormone. Direct effects of GS were measured by treating mature 3T3-L1s for 24 hours. Indirect effects were measured by treating mature 3T3-L1s with conditioned media from GS-treated RAW 264.7 …

Effects Of Aspirin On Expression Of Proteins Implicated In Airway Remodeling In Human Lung Fibroblasts, Kyla Geary, Don Hasenmeyer, Farzaneh Daghigh

Research Day

Abstract and poster under embargo until May 31, 2018.

The Effects Of Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester (Cape) On Oxidative Stress And Hypoxia, Sarah Martin, Andrew Castellano, Chijioke Uzoaru, Jonathan Lim, Nicholas Carvis, Peter Wieczorek, Robert Barsotti, Lindon H. Young, Qian Chen

Research Day

Oxidative stress has been implicated in pathogenesis of hypoxia and ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. In previous studies, we have shown that the antioxidant CAPE exerted cardioprotection in an isolated rat heart I (30 min)/R (60 min) injury model. In this study, we further evaluated the effects of CAPE on oxidative stress and hypoxia-induced cell damage. We evaluated the inhibition of absorbance in the phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (30 nM) induced superoxide production spectrophotometrically in isolated rat neutrophils via reduction of exogenous cytochrome C. We found that CAPE (0.5 µM- 40 µM; n=4-13) reduced phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate induced neutrophil superoxide release dose-dependently from …

A Day In The Life Of An Osteopathic Medical Student, Tova Goldstein, Arthur Sesso, Michael Mcguiness, Denah Appelt

Research Day

During this past fall semester, in Tova Goldstein’s Introduction to Photography class, there was an assignment to create a photo essay. Anything that tells a story would be acceptable. Guidelines were provided that we were encouraged to follow but were not mandatory such as shooting a large group, head-shots, sequence of steps, and more. Since Tova is fortunate enough to have her father on staff at PCOM, It was thought to be fine to show a day in the life of an osteopathic medical student!

On November 3, 2016, Tova Goldstein visited the campus to explore opportunities for her project. …

Treatment Of Pregnant Patients With Orthopaedic Trauma, Kevin Klifto, Christopher S. Klifto, Christopher Looze, Nirmal Tejwani

Research Day

Fracture management in pregnant patients is challenging. Anatomic and physiologic changes in pregnancy increase the complexity of treatment. Maternal trauma increases the risk of fetal loss, preterm birth, placental abruption, cesarean delivery, and maternal death. Initial resuscitation and treatment in a facility equipped to handle the orthopaedic injury and preterm births are paramount. Pelvic and acetabular injuries are potentially life threatening. The benefits and risks of surgical treatment must be weighed carefully. The risks posed by anesthetic agents, antibiotic agents, anticoagulant agents, and radiation exposure must be understood. Positioning of the patient can affect viability of the fetus. If surgery …

Assessment Of Clinicians’ Knowledge And Screening Practices Of Stimulant Misuse In Adolescents With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Morgan Mccoy

Research Day

Stimulants are the first line pharmacotherapy for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). The number of prescription for stimulants dispensed by retail pharmacies has increased from 4 million in 1991 to 45 million in 2010 (1). Adolescents have a lifetime prevalence of nonmedical use of stimulants of 9.1% (2). Given the increased number and availability of stimulant pills and the potential for misuse and diversion, it is important for prescribers to carefully assess stimulant misuse in adolescents with ADHD. One study of physician’s perceptions about stimulant misuse noted that many physicians were unaware of these issues (3). The aims of …

Exploring The Predictive Values Of Self-Evaluations And Cognitive Distortions In Relation To Childhood Anxiety Among Hispanic/Latino Youth, Cristina Sperrazza, Susan Panichelli Mindel

Research Day

The purpose of this study was to determine whether self-evaluation and cognitive distortions are predictors of anxiety in Hispanic/Latino youth. Hispanic/Latino elementary- and middle-school students (n = 84) from Grades 4 through 8 (42.9% female; average age = 11.80 years) attending a bilingual inner-city public charter school completed self-reports of anxiety, self-evaluation, and cognitive distortions in their school setting. The selected measure of cognitive distortions, Inventory of Cognitive Distortions (Yurica & DiTomasso, 2005), was revised and factor analyzed for the current child sample. Findings demonstrated that, while taking grade and gender into account, different domains of self-evaluation and cognitive distortions …

The Relationship Between Pediatric Quality Of Life And Post Concussion Symptoms, Ruta Clair, Arlene Goodman, Ilana Weinberger, Sarah Levin Allen

Research Day

This will be presented at the American Academy of Pediatric Neuropsychology.

Objective: To understand how symptoms impact the the pediatric patient’s day to day functioning during recovery. The tasks that students are exposed to in school deplete cognitive reserves, which further has consequences for learning, emotional functioning, symptom expression, and quality of life.

Methods: 280 participants with concussion, age 7 to 21, completed a packet that included the Post Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) and a self report measure, at their medical visit to a regional concussion clinic. A pencil and paper self rating instrument (Pediatric Life After Concussion Evaluation Scale) …

Evaluation Of Smell And Mirna Biomarkers In Alzheimer’S Disease (Ad), Vanessa Valdivia, Christine Hammond, Katherine Galluzzi, Sarah Levin Allen, Brian J. Balin Phd

Research Day

Abstract and poster under embargo until May 31, 2019.

Evidence For The Need For A Pediatric Concussion Quality Of Life Measure In Addition To The Pcss, Ruta Clair, Arlene Goodman, Ilana Weinberger, Sarah Levin Allen

Research Day

While pediatric concussion is an area of significant scientific concern, only recently has the field begun to consider health related quality of life issues after concussion. The clinical management of pediatric concussion generally focuses on symptoms and epidemiology. The purpose of the current evaluation was to examine whether a quality of life measure can provide important information not readily measured by a symptom scale. 280 participants with concussion, age 7 to 21 completed two pencil and paper measures, the Post Concussion Symptom Scale (PCSS) and the newly created Pediatric Life After Concussion Evaluation Scale (PLACES). Data showed that the emotion …

Minimally Invasive In Vivo Real-Time Identification Of Human Astrocytoma With Sulforhodamine 101, Mark Ishak, Robert Lynagh, Joseph Georges, Sean Xin, Zein Al-Atrache, Ahmad Cader, Danielle Lopez, Jonathan Osmolinski, Nicholas Minissale, Steven S. Yocom, Denah Appelt

Research Day

Abstract and poster under embargo until May 31, 2019.

Capstone: The Biopsychosocial Approach To The Mind-Brain-Body Connection, Erica Stagliano

Research Day

Introduction

The mind-brain-body connection The relationship between the mind, brain, and body was the highlight of the Neurobehavioral Biomedical Sciences Masters Concentration. While the brain and body are concrete entities, the mind is more abstract and complex and is different from one individual to another. The idea of the mind encompasses opinions, personality, and emotion, which, although seemingly philosophical, have been shown to have a real impact on physical health.

Mental Health and Primary Care Primary care providers are becoming more involved in the role of managing mental health, particularly depression and suicidal patients. 50% of all patients who commit …

Pcom Biomedical Sciences Neuro-Behavior Track: Pilot Students' Perspective, Jenna Wynn, Catherine Tauro, Erica Stagliano

Research Day

INTRODUCTION: Three Master’s degree candidate students opted to pilot a neuro-behavior concentration track after completing the first year of core Biomedical Sciences courses.

METHODS: Courses from the Mental Health Counseling, School Psychology and Clinical Psychology programs as well as select classes from the second year Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine Clinical and Basic Neuroscience course were integrated into the curriculum. Routine discussions and additional clinical or research experiences enhanced the understanding and appreciation of the combination of courses from the various disciplines.

RESULTS: The integrated curriculum provides a unique angle to view the neuro-bio-psycho-social contributions to studying neuroscience …