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Articles 1 - 30 of 59
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Factors Associated With Post-Operative Opioid Use In Opioid Naïve Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty, Clifton Daigle
Factors Associated With Post-Operative Opioid Use In Opioid Naïve Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty, Clifton Daigle
Medicine Research Day
Background: Opioids persist as a concern for post-surgical complications such as ileus, urinary retention, delayed rehabilitation, and opioid dependence. Yet, they are still routinely prescribed following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Evidence suggests that preoperative and in-hospital opioid use are risk factors for postoperative opioid use after TKA or total hip arthroplasty. However, there is still a paucity of information regarding the extent to which intraoperative opioid exposure contributes to postoperative opioid use in opioid naïve TKA patients. Our study aimed to assess the effect of in-hospital opioids, such as intraoperative IV, post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) IV, or PACU oral opioids, …
Failure To Follow-Up, There’S More To The Story, Emily Dubuisson, Emma Domangue
Failure To Follow-Up, There’S More To The Story, Emily Dubuisson, Emma Domangue
Medicine Research Day
Background: Food insecurity is the uncertainty or limitation of access to safe, nutritious food for an active healthy lifestyle with normal growth and development, which can lead to negative health outcomes, poor development, and lower life expectancy. Literature regarding attendance in elective health programs, like the Geaux Get Healthy Clinical Program at Our Lady of the Lake (OLOL), is scarce. Using the available literature on lack of attendance at healthcare appointments can help identify factors and characteristics of patients at higher risk for not completing or enrolling in such programs. This project aims to investigate the reasons behind the lack …
Case Series: Safety And Effectiveness Of 3-Level Lumbar Percutaneous Decompression With An Interspinous Spacer, Eric Finke
Medicine Research Day
Background: Lumbar interspinous process decompression (IPD) to treat lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS) was first made available in the 1980s. In 2015, the FDA approved a second-generation IPD spacer. The main difference is that this surgery may be performed by an interventional pain medicine physician under moderate sedation. 5-year data from an industry-sponsored study on IPD have been published showing improvements in quality of life (QOL) and pain scores.1 Indications for Vertiflex IPD include skeletally mature patients who have neurogenic intermittent claudication secondary to moderate stenosis at one or two levels. Function should improve when the patients are in lumbar flexion. …
Orthopaedic Infections: A Primer, Gregory Laborde
Orthopaedic Infections: A Primer, Gregory Laborde
Medicine Research Day
Background: In a 1992 Internal Medicine Grand Rounds presentation that focused on medical education, Dr. Frank Griffin, Jr. made the comment that “understanding is the key to learning” (Griffin, 1992). His contention was that for information to be effectively retrieved, it must first be efficiently stored. Griffin said that the focus is usually on acquiring a “morass of details,” which precludes the commitment of time to consider concepts. Memorizing mounds of facts without having an effective conceptual framework to store them is often an unsuccessful learning style because memory frequently fails without understanding. To accomplish this goal, we offer a …
Investigating An Adaptive Target Biofeedback Paradigm To Reduce Gait Asymmetry In Older Adults Post-Stroke, John Macaulay
Investigating An Adaptive Target Biofeedback Paradigm To Reduce Gait Asymmetry In Older Adults Post-Stroke, John Macaulay
Medicine Research Day
Background: Stroke is one of the most common causes of long-term disability in the United States and can present with debilitating motor impairment. Asymmetric walking patterns due to hemiparesis are energetically costly and impair walking performance. For this reason, gait asymmetry is an important target of clinical gait training and post stroke rehabilitation research. Visual gait biofeedback training is an effective, well-studied way to alter walking patterns in people with chronic stroke. However, there exists large methodological variability between studies with discrepancies in feedback target and feedback structure. The objective of this study was to determine the utility of a …
Brcc36 Contributes To Ace2 Deubiquitination In Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive Female Mice, Hasan Mir
Brcc36 Contributes To Ace2 Deubiquitination In Salt-Sensitive Hypertensive Female Mice, Hasan Mir
Medicine Research Day
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, hypertension directly contributed to 691,095 deaths in 2021, making it one of the leading causes of death in the United States. The brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of hypertension. Angiotensin-II (Ang-II) binds to the Ang-II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and mediates the vasoconstrictive and pro-hypertensive effects. On the other hand, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) mitigates the pro-hypertensive effects of Ang-II by cleaving it into Ang-(1-7), a vasodilator. We have previously reported that Ang-II mediates the internalization and degradation of ACE2. In hypertensive males, we identified …
Does Preoperative Antibiotic Timing Prior To Incision And Drainage Procedures For Severe Odontogenic Infections Affect Length Of Stay Or Reoperation, Dylan Mire
Medicine Research Day
Background: An odontogenic infection can be a life-threatening medical condition which requires incision and drainage (I&D) in the operating room. Prior to these procedures, many patients are started on antibiotics; however, the effects of the timing of starting the antibiotics prior to surgery is not known. Methods: The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study consisting of all adult patients treated in the OR with I&D for odontogenic infections from 1/1/2015 to 7/30/2021 at a large, urban academic hospital. The primary predictor variable was preoperative antibiotic timing—the amount of time between when the antibiotic was given before surgery and incision time. …
Caring For The Incarcerated Patient: Provider Perceptions Of Quality Of Care, Haley Beavers Khoury
Caring For The Incarcerated Patient: Provider Perceptions Of Quality Of Care, Haley Beavers Khoury
Medicine Research Day
Louisiana has the highest rate of incarceration in the United States, with a rate of 1,094 people per 100,000. In 2023, roughly 50,000 people were housed in over 100 prisons, jails, detention centers, juvenile facilities throughout the state. There are notable racial disparities in incarceration. Roughly 32% of the state’s overall population and roughly two thirds of its prison population is Black. These disparities can be traced to policy issues. A recent lawsuit against Louisiana Department of Public Safety and Corrections (DPSC), Lewis v. Cain, found the healthcare offered at its flagship facility, Louisiana State Penitentiary (widely known as Angola) …
Adverse Events Associated With The Presence And Treatment Of Chronic Osteomyelitis, Renee Breauz
Adverse Events Associated With The Presence And Treatment Of Chronic Osteomyelitis, Renee Breauz
Medicine Research Day
Background: The presence and treatment of chronic osteomyelitis (COM) are known to cause complications and adverse reactions in some patients. In a previous study, researchers examined acute kidney infections (AKI) as a complication of diabetic foot osteomyelitis (DFO).1 They found that patients diagnosed with AKI as a result of DFO were more likely to experience an increased number of hospitalizations and recurrences of infection relative to patients without this complication. In addition, antibiotic treatment of COM has also been known to cause complications. According to the CDC, 26.2% of adverse drug reactions are caused by antibiotics.2 Given the high frequency …
Sga Neonatal Outcomes In Anemic Gravid Patients: Does Treatment In Pregnancy Improve Neonatal Birthweight?, Mallory Brignac
Sga Neonatal Outcomes In Anemic Gravid Patients: Does Treatment In Pregnancy Improve Neonatal Birthweight?, Mallory Brignac
Medicine Research Day
Objective: Small for gestational age (SGA) neonatal outcomes are associated with increased risks of stillbirth, preterm delivery, neonatal morbidity/mortality, and cognitive delay in childhood. Preventable etiologies of SGA, such as anemia, can be addressed with adequate prenatal care and identifying disparities in social determinants of health. In the first part of our study, we aim (1) to define the prevalence of anemia in all patients delivering at our community hospital (2) to understand the likelihood of SGA outcomes in anemic patients and (3) to determine if treatment of anemia during pregnancy improves the rate of appropriate neonatal birthweight. Methods: A …
The Covid-19 Pandemic And Recorded Cancer Incidence In Louisiana, Jordan Book
The Covid-19 Pandemic And Recorded Cancer Incidence In Louisiana, Jordan Book
Medicine Research Day
The circumstances of the coronavirus pandemic are likely to have affected routine cancer screenings due to disruptions in healthcare and patients’ personal lives. With a decrease in screening, we would expect to see an associated decrease in new cancer diagnoses starting from 2020, indicating that many cases went undiagnosed and may be detected at advanced stages. With cancer being among the leading causes of death in adults and children, it is important to be aware of these trends. In this study, we focus on lung and bronchus, breast, colorectal, prostate, and melanoma skin cancer, which we selected because each type …
Predictors Of Chronic Osteomyelitis Between Comorbid Conditions Versus Social Determinants Of Health, Angella Chang
Predictors Of Chronic Osteomyelitis Between Comorbid Conditions Versus Social Determinants Of Health, Angella Chang
Medicine Research Day
Background: Osteomyelitis often requires surgery and a long course of antibiotics to treat. However, recurrent infection can still occur. Moore et al. found that health comorbidities, such as coronary artery disease (CAD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD), are risk factors for recurrent infection1. Social determinants of health (SDOH) are other risk factors important to consider for poor health outcomes, including recurrence of osteomyelitis. One study found that living in poverty-driven neighborhoods increases mortality from trauma-related injury2. Moreover, recurrent osteomyelitis is a challenging diagnosis as it can lead to adverse events related to prolonged antibiotics3. It is, therefore, imperative to understand …
Kappa Opioid Receptor-Expressing Cells In The Basolateral Amygdala Regulate Social-Stress Escalated Drinking, Katherine Copenhaver
Kappa Opioid Receptor-Expressing Cells In The Basolateral Amygdala Regulate Social-Stress Escalated Drinking, Katherine Copenhaver
Medicine Research Day
Aversive stress experiences can lead to escalated drug consumption and increase the risk of relapse. Individuals who consume alcohol to alleviate the effects of social stress are more likely to develop an alcohol use disorder. Social stress has been most effectively modeled in animals through social defeat paradigms. Repeated social defeat stress (SDS) enhances the rewarding and reinforcing effects of alcohol. However, the neural mechanisms by which SDS increases alcohol consumption are not well understood. Our results show that repeated SDS enhances alcohol consumption and preference in both male and female C57BL/6J mice. The Dynorphin/Kappa opioid receptor (Dyn/KOR) system has …
Impact Of Late Prenatal Care On Anemia Prevalence And Sga Outcomes, Breyanah Graham
Impact Of Late Prenatal Care On Anemia Prevalence And Sga Outcomes, Breyanah Graham
Medicine Research Day
Background: Inadequate prenatal care is associated with an increased risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. This correlation is due to the potential delays in identifying and addressing pregnancy complications during routine prenatal visits. Anemia, for instance, is a common laboratory finding that is detected during prenatal screenings. However, without adequate prenatal care, anemia may be undiagnosed and untreated, leading to complications such as small for gestational age (SGA) infants. Therefore, when patients establish prenatal care late in pregnancy, the early detection and management of conditions such as anemia is essential to reduce the risks associated with SGA and ensure …
Medicaid Reimbursement For Total Joint Arthroplasty In The United States: Implications For Patient Access To High-Quality Arthroplasty Care, Lamiah Hall
Medicine Research Day
Introduction: While recent American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons (AAHKS) advocacy efforts have focused on Medicare physician fee schedule cuts for total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA), few studies have evaluated Medicaid reimbursement. Substantial variability among Medicaid payments between states may have implications for equitable access to quality orthopaedic care. The purpose of this study was to evaluate differences in physician reimbursements by state between patients undergoing TKA or THA with Medicaid insurance compared to Medicare insurance. Methods: Individual states were queried for publicly available Medicaid physician fees and the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services …
Ofatumumab: A Novel Anti‑Cd20 Monoclonal Antibody For Multiple Sclerosis: A Review Of Clinical Considerations, William Barham, Katie Dillman
Ofatumumab: A Novel Anti‑Cd20 Monoclonal Antibody For Multiple Sclerosis: A Review Of Clinical Considerations, William Barham, Katie Dillman
Medicine Research Day
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an antigen-specific, cell-mediated chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS). The disease is characterized by immune infiltration, progressive demyelination, and subsequent axonal loss, leading to a coterie of degenerative neurological symptoms, including, but not limited to, optic neuritis, partial myelitis, sensory disturbances, and internuclear ophthalmoplegia. While the exact inciting cause of the body’s autoreactivity in MS is not fully understood, it is has been linked to genetic, environmental, and infectious factors. Among the FDA-approved medications for the treatment of relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), such as interferon-β, glatiramer acetate, natalizumab, mitoxantrone, fingolimod, teriflunomide, and alemtuzumab, …
Acute Neutrophilic Vasculitis (Leukocytoclasia) In 36 Covid-19 Autopsy Brains, Roy H. Rhodes, Gordon L. Love, Fernanda Da Silva Lameira, Maryam Sadough Shahmirzadi, Sharon E. Fox, Richard S. Vander Heide
Acute Neutrophilic Vasculitis (Leukocytoclasia) In 36 Covid-19 Autopsy Brains, Roy H. Rhodes, Gordon L. Love, Fernanda Da Silva Lameira, Maryam Sadough Shahmirzadi, Sharon E. Fox, Richard S. Vander Heide
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background: Hypercytokinemia, the renin-angiotensin system, hypoxia, immune dysregulation, and vasculopathy with evidence of immune-related damage are implicated in brain morbidity in COVID-19 along with a wide variety of genomic and environmental influences. There is relatively little evidence of direct SARS-CoV-2 brain infection in COVID-19 patients. Methods: Brain histopathology of 36 consecutive autopsies of patients who were RT-PCR positive for SARS-CoV-2 was studied along with findings from contemporary and pre-pandemic historical control groups. Immunostaining for serum and blood cell proteins and for complement components was employed. Microcirculatory wall complement deposition in the COVID-19 cohort was compared to historical control cases. Comparisons …
Early Renal Denervation Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction In Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction, Jake E. Doiron, Zhen Li, Xiaoman Yu, Kyle B. Lapenna, Heather Quiriarte, Timothy D. Allerton, Kashyap Koul, Andrew Malek, Sanjiv J. Shah, Thomas E. Sharp, Traci T. Goodchild, Daniel R. Kapusta, David J. Lefer
Early Renal Denervation Attenuates Cardiac Dysfunction In Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction, Jake E. Doiron, Zhen Li, Xiaoman Yu, Kyle B. Lapenna, Heather Quiriarte, Timothy D. Allerton, Kashyap Koul, Andrew Malek, Sanjiv J. Shah, Thomas E. Sharp, Traci T. Goodchild, Daniel R. Kapusta, David J. Lefer
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: The renal sympathetic nervous system modulates systemic blood pressure, cardiac performance, and renal function. Pathological increases in renal sympathetic nerve activity contribute to the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). We investigated the effects of renal sympathetic denervation performed at early or late stages of HFpEF progression. METHODS AND RESULTS: Male ZSF1 obese rats were subjected to radiofrequency renal denervation (RF-RDN) or sham procedure at either 8 weeks or 20 weeks of age and assessed for cardiovascular function, exercise capacity, and cardiorenal fibrosis. Renal norepinephrine and renal nerve tyrosine hydroxylase staining were performed to quantify denervation …
Proposal For Standardized Ultrasound Analysis Of The Salivary Glands: Part 1 Submandibular Gland, Henry T. Hoffman, Michael Koch, Robert Lee Witt, William R. Ryan, Johannes Zenk, Philippe Katz, Rahmatullah Rahmati, Christopher Rassekh, Francisco Donato, Timothy M. Mcculloch, Arjun S. Joshi, Jolie Lien Chang, M. Boyd Gillespie, Priscilla F.A. Pichardo, Lisa Ann Orloff, Antoino Marcelino, Piper Wenzel, David Cohen, Christopher E. Fundakowski, David M. Cognetti, Rohan R. Walvekar, Antonio Bertelli, Harry Quon, Carryn Anderson, Bruno Policeni, Gordy Siegel
Proposal For Standardized Ultrasound Analysis Of The Salivary Glands: Part 1 Submandibular Gland, Henry T. Hoffman, Michael Koch, Robert Lee Witt, William R. Ryan, Johannes Zenk, Philippe Katz, Rahmatullah Rahmati, Christopher Rassekh, Francisco Donato, Timothy M. Mcculloch, Arjun S. Joshi, Jolie Lien Chang, M. Boyd Gillespie, Priscilla F.A. Pichardo, Lisa Ann Orloff, Antoino Marcelino, Piper Wenzel, David Cohen, Christopher E. Fundakowski, David M. Cognetti, Rohan R. Walvekar, Antonio Bertelli, Harry Quon, Carryn Anderson, Bruno Policeni, Gordy Siegel
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Objectives: The Salivary Gland Committee of the American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery seeks to standardize terminology and technique for ultrasonograpy used in the evaluation and treatment of salivary gland disorders. Methods: Development of expert opinion obtained through interaction with international practitioners representing multiple specialties. This committee work includes a comprehensive literature review with presentation of case examples to propose a standardized protocol for the language used in ultrasound salivary gland assessment. Results: A multiple segment proposal is initiated with this focus on the submandibular gland. We provide a concise rationale for recommended descriptive language highlighted by a more …
Effects Of Metformin On Glucose Metabolism And Mitochondrial Function In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Pilot Randomized Trial, Elizabeth R.M. Zunica, Elizabeth C. Heintz, Wagner S. Dantas, R. Caitlin Hebert, Ma Kayla Tanksley, Robbie A. Beyl, Edward C. Mader, John P. Kirwan, Christopher L. Axelrod, Prachi Singh
Effects Of Metformin On Glucose Metabolism And Mitochondrial Function In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Pilot Randomized Trial, Elizabeth R.M. Zunica, Elizabeth C. Heintz, Wagner S. Dantas, R. Caitlin Hebert, Ma Kayla Tanksley, Robbie A. Beyl, Edward C. Mader, John P. Kirwan, Christopher L. Axelrod, Prachi Singh
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with increased risk for diabetes, and standard treatment with positive airway pressure (PAP) device shows inconsistent effects on glucose metabolism. Metformin is known to treat and prevent diabetes, but its effects on skeletal muscle mitochondrial function are not completely understood. Here, we evaluate the effects of metformin on glucose metabolism and skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in patients with OSA. Sixteen adults with obesity (50.9 ± 6.7 years, BMI: 36.5 ± 2.9 kg/m2) and moderate-to-severe OSA were provided with PAP treatment and randomized to 3 months of placebo (n = 8) or metformin (n = …
Assessment Of Social Vulnerability Impact In Care And Prognosis Of Sinonasal Cancers In The United States, Achilles A. Kanaris, David J. Fei-Zhang, Lily B. Fletcher, Stephanie S. Smith, Urjeet A. Patel, Jill N. D'Souza, Daniel C. Chelius, Anthony M. Sheyn, Jeffrey C. Rastatter
Assessment Of Social Vulnerability Impact In Care And Prognosis Of Sinonasal Cancers In The United States, Achilles A. Kanaris, David J. Fei-Zhang, Lily B. Fletcher, Stephanie S. Smith, Urjeet A. Patel, Jill N. D'Souza, Daniel C. Chelius, Anthony M. Sheyn, Jeffrey C. Rastatter
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Key Points: Social determinants of health interactively influence sinonasal cancer care and prognosis. Housing-transportation and socioeconomic status showed the largest associations with disparities. The social vulnerability index can reveal the social determinants of sinonasal cancers.
Assessing Adequacy: A Meta-Analysis Of Rapid Onsite Evaluation Of Thyroid Nodules, Peter P. Issa, Christina Mccarthy, Mohammad Hussein, Aaron L. Albuck, Essam Emad, Mohamed Shama, Krzysztof Moroz, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil
Assessing Adequacy: A Meta-Analysis Of Rapid Onsite Evaluation Of Thyroid Nodules, Peter P. Issa, Christina Mccarthy, Mohammad Hussein, Aaron L. Albuck, Essam Emad, Mohamed Shama, Krzysztof Moroz, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Introduction: Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is the standard form of preoperative evaluation of thyroid nodule cytological status. A significant number FNAs are classified as inadequate for interpretation, requiring a repeat FNA which is potentially avoidable, costly, and delays treatment. To address these concerns and maximize first-time FNA adequacy, rapid onsite evaluation (ROSE) of FNA specimens was introduced. Our study aims to determine the impact of ROSE on FNA adequacy. Methods: PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were searched for primary articles assessing the adequacy of ROSE in thyroid nodules. Results: A total of 17 studies were included for a total of …
Response To The Letter To The Editor: Surgical Delay Of Thoracodorsal Artery Perforator Flaps For Bilateral Autologous Breast Reconstruction, Robert J. Allen, Mark A. Maier
Response To The Letter To The Editor: Surgical Delay Of Thoracodorsal Artery Perforator Flaps For Bilateral Autologous Breast Reconstruction, Robert J. Allen, Mark A. Maier
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
No abstract provided.
Validation Of A Novel, Rapid Sepsis Diagnostic For Emergency Department Use, Hollis R. O'Neal, Roya Sheybani, David R. Janz, Robert Scoggins, Tonya Jagneaux, James E. Walker, Daniel J. Henning, Elizabeth Rosenman, Simon A. Mahler, Hariharan Regunath, Christopher S. Sampson, D. Clark Files, Richard D. Fremont, Michael J. Noto, Erica E. Schneider, Wesley R. Shealey, Matthew S. Berlinger, Thomas C. Carver, Morgan K. Walker, Nathan A. Ledeboer, Ajay M. Shah, Henry T.K. Tse, Dino Dicarlo, Todd W. Rice, Christopher B. Thomas
Validation Of A Novel, Rapid Sepsis Diagnostic For Emergency Department Use, Hollis R. O'Neal, Roya Sheybani, David R. Janz, Robert Scoggins, Tonya Jagneaux, James E. Walker, Daniel J. Henning, Elizabeth Rosenman, Simon A. Mahler, Hariharan Regunath, Christopher S. Sampson, D. Clark Files, Richard D. Fremont, Michael J. Noto, Erica E. Schneider, Wesley R. Shealey, Matthew S. Berlinger, Thomas C. Carver, Morgan K. Walker, Nathan A. Ledeboer, Ajay M. Shah, Henry T.K. Tse, Dino Dicarlo, Todd W. Rice, Christopher B. Thomas
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
OBJECTIVES: To assess the in vitro IntelliSep test, a microfluidic assay that quantifies the state of immune activation by evaluating the biophysical properties of leukocytes, as a rapid diagnostic for sepsis. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: Five emergency departments (EDs) in Louisiana, Missouri, North Carolina, and Washington. PATIENTS: Adult patients presenting to the ED with signs (two of four Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome criteria, where one must be temperature or WBC count) or suspicion (provider-ordered culture) of infection. INTERVENTIONS: All patients underwent testing with the IntelliSep using ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid-anticoagulated whole blood followed by retrospective adjudication for sepsis by …
Most Deprived Louisiana Census Tracts Have Higher Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence And Worse Survival, Kendra L. Ratnapradipa, Tingting Li, Mei Chin Hsieh, Laura Tenner, Edward S. Peters
Most Deprived Louisiana Census Tracts Have Higher Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence And Worse Survival, Kendra L. Ratnapradipa, Tingting Li, Mei Chin Hsieh, Laura Tenner, Edward S. Peters
School of Public Health Faculty Publications
Background: Liver cancer incidence increased in the US from 1975 through 2015 with heterogeneous rates across subpopulations. Upstream or distal area-level factors impact liver cancer risks. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between area-level deprivation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence and survival. We also explored the association between area deprivation and treatment modalities. Methods: Louisiana Tumor Registry identified 4,151 adult patients diagnosed with malignant HCC from 2011 to 2020 and linked residential address to census tract (CT)-level Area Deprivation Index (ADI) categorized into quartiles (Q1 = least deprived). ANOVA examined the association between ADI quartile …
Microbial Interactions Among Gardnerella, Prevotella And Fannyhessea Prior To Incident Bacterial Vaginosis: Protocol For A Prospective, Observational Study, Christina A. Muzny, Jacob H. Elnaggar, Lúcia G.V. Sousa, Ângela Lima, Kristal J. Aaron, Isaac C. Eastlund, Keonte J. Graves, Chaoling Dong, Olivia T. Van Gerwen, Meng Luo, Ashutosh Tamhane, Dustin Long, Nuno Cerca, Christopher M. Taylor
Microbial Interactions Among Gardnerella, Prevotella And Fannyhessea Prior To Incident Bacterial Vaginosis: Protocol For A Prospective, Observational Study, Christina A. Muzny, Jacob H. Elnaggar, Lúcia G.V. Sousa, Ângela Lima, Kristal J. Aaron, Isaac C. Eastlund, Keonte J. Graves, Chaoling Dong, Olivia T. Van Gerwen, Meng Luo, Ashutosh Tamhane, Dustin Long, Nuno Cerca, Christopher M. Taylor
School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications
Introduction The aetiology of bacterial vaginosis (BV), a biofilm-associated vaginal infection, remains unknown. Epidemiologic data suggest that it is sexually transmitted. BV is characterised by loss of lactic acid-producing lactobacilli and an increase in facultative and strict anaerobic bacteria. Gardnerella spp are present in 95%–100% of cases; Gardnerella vaginalis has been found to be more virulent than other BV-associated bacteria (BVAB) in vitro. However, G. vaginalis is found in women with normal vaginal microbiota and colonisation is not sufficient for BV development. We hypothesise that Gardnerella spp initiate BV biofilm formation, but incident BV (iBV) requires incorporation of other key …
Effects Of Extraction Methods On The Structural Characteristics And Functional Properties Of Dietary Fiber Extracted From Papaya Peel And Seed, Xiaoyu Feng, Kashif Ameer, Guihun Jiang, Karna Ramachandraiah
Effects Of Extraction Methods On The Structural Characteristics And Functional Properties Of Dietary Fiber Extracted From Papaya Peel And Seed, Xiaoyu Feng, Kashif Ameer, Guihun Jiang, Karna Ramachandraiah
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
This study aimed to characterize dietary fibers (DF) produced from papaya peel (PP) and seed (PS) using three different extraction methods (acidic: AC, enzymatic: EN and alkaline: AL). The scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermal and rheological properties, X-ray diffraction (XRD), monosaccharide composition were adopted for characterizing DF samples. All the DF samples showed representative infrared spectral features and crystalline structure, whereas DF derived from PP and PS extracted by AC had looser and more complicated structures. DF derived from PP and PS extracted by EN displayed greater thermal stability among DFs. DF extracted by PP-AC …
Safety And Timing Of Early Therapeutic Anticoagulation Therapy After Craniotomy, John M. Wilson, Kierany B. Shelvin, Sarah E. Lawhon, George A. Crabill, Ellery A. Hayden, Alan J. Velander
Safety And Timing Of Early Therapeutic Anticoagulation Therapy After Craniotomy, John M. Wilson, Kierany B. Shelvin, Sarah E. Lawhon, George A. Crabill, Ellery A. Hayden, Alan J. Velander
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Background: To date, there are few guidelines and studies to guide the timing of initiation of therapeutic anticoagulation (AC) after craniotomy. The goal of this study was to assess the timing, safety, and outcomes of patients following the administration of therapeutic AC after craniotomy. Methods: A retrospective case–control study was performed evaluating all craniotomy patients from August 2017 to July 2021. Cases were selected if they received therapeutic AC within ten days of craniotomy. Nineteen out of 1013 craniotomy patients met the inclusion criteria. Indications for therapeutic AC were diverse, including deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, dural venous sinus thrombosis, …
Pancreatic Cancer Tumor Microenvironment Is A Major Therapeutic Barrier And Target, Conner Hartupee, Bolni Marius Nagalo, Chiswili Y. Chabu, Mulu Z. Tesfay, Joycelynn Coleman-Barnett, John T. West, Omeed Moaven
Pancreatic Cancer Tumor Microenvironment Is A Major Therapeutic Barrier And Target, Conner Hartupee, Bolni Marius Nagalo, Chiswili Y. Chabu, Mulu Z. Tesfay, Joycelynn Coleman-Barnett, John T. West, Omeed Moaven
School of Medicine Faculty Publications
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is projected to become the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States. Limitations in early detection and treatment barriers contribute to the lack of substantial success in the treatment of this challenging-to-treat malignancy. Desmoplasia is the hallmark of PDAC microenvironment that creates a physical and immunologic barrier. Stromal support cells and immunomodulatory cells face aberrant signaling by pancreatic cancer cells that shifts the complex balance of proper repair mechanisms into a state of dysregulation. The product of this dysregulation is the desmoplastic environment that encases the malignant cells leading to a dense, hypoxic …
Potential Causal Association Between Gut Microbiome And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Qiang He, Wenjing Wang, Dingkang Xu, Yang Xiong, Chuanyuan Tao, Chao You, Lu Ma, Junpeng Ma, Caroline M. Nievergelt, Adam X. Maihofer, Torsten Klengel, Elizabeth G. Atkinson, Chia Yen Chen, Karmel W. Choi, Jonathan R.I. Coleman, Shareefa Dalvie, Laramie E. Duncan, Mark W. Logue, Allison C. Provost, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Murray B. Stein, Katy Torres, Allison E. Aiello, Lynn M. Almli, Ananda B. Amstadter, Søren B. Andersen, Ole A. Andreassen, Paul A. Arbisi, Ariane Rung, Et Al
Potential Causal Association Between Gut Microbiome And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Qiang He, Wenjing Wang, Dingkang Xu, Yang Xiong, Chuanyuan Tao, Chao You, Lu Ma, Junpeng Ma, Caroline M. Nievergelt, Adam X. Maihofer, Torsten Klengel, Elizabeth G. Atkinson, Chia Yen Chen, Karmel W. Choi, Jonathan R.I. Coleman, Shareefa Dalvie, Laramie E. Duncan, Mark W. Logue, Allison C. Provost, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Murray B. Stein, Katy Torres, Allison E. Aiello, Lynn M. Almli, Ananda B. Amstadter, Søren B. Andersen, Ole A. Andreassen, Paul A. Arbisi, Ariane Rung, Et Al
School of Public Health Faculty Publications
Background: The causal effects of gut microbiome and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are still unknown. This study aimed to clarify their potential causal association using mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: The summary-level statistics for gut microbiome were retrieved from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the MiBioGen consortium. As to PTSD, the Freeze 2 datasets were originated from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Working Group (PGC-PTSD), and the replicated datasets were obtained from FinnGen consortium. Single nucleotide polymorphisms meeting MR assumptions were selected as instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was employed as the …