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Articles 1 - 30 of 459
Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Parental Reports Of Vaccine Information Statement Usage In Utah, Angela T. Jacobs
Parental Reports Of Vaccine Information Statement Usage In Utah, Angela T. Jacobs
Theses and Dissertations
Objective: Little is known about the parental perception of usage and delivery of Vaccine Information Statements (VISs), the timing of VIS delivery, parent opportunity to read VISs, and time for discussing content of VISs with providers. Parental reports of dissemination and use of VISs are explored in this study, including parental use, experience, and perceptions. Method: Data for this pilot cross-sectional descriptive study were collected via an online survey. The instrument consisted of 21questions including five demographic questions, 11 questions about VIS distribution, four questions about parental use and understanding of VISs, and one open-ended question about finding information about …
Critical Access Hospital Nurses' Qualitative Reports Of Major Obstacles In End-Of-Life Care, Con K. Newman
Critical Access Hospital Nurses' Qualitative Reports Of Major Obstacles In End-Of-Life Care, Con K. Newman
Theses and Dissertations
Background: Critical Care Nurses have previously noted obstacles in caring for dying patients. Obstacles noted by nurses working in more urban settings have been reported. What is not known is the obstacles to providing end-of-life (EOL) care as perceived by nurses working in Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs). Objective: To determine the stories/experiences related to obstacles in providing EOL care as reported by nurses working in CAHs. Methods: This was an exploratory, cross-sectional study. Previous quantitative data has been reported. Documentation of the qualitative stories/experiences of nurses working in CAHs related to obstacles to providing EOL care for dying patients and …
Wearable Activity Trackers For Women: Motivating Factors For Increasing Physical Activity, Danielle A. Bate
Wearable Activity Trackers For Women: Motivating Factors For Increasing Physical Activity, Danielle A. Bate
Theses and Dissertations
Half of American women do not sustain recommended levels of physical activity (PA). Wearable activity trackers (WATs) may increase both awareness of, and PA if worn daily. Thus, WATs should include features and designs that encourage daily use. This study aimed to determine WAT features and designs most appealing to women and the motivational effects of various WATs. For this mixed-method pilot study, 15 women each trialed three WATs; documented daily PA levels; and rated their satisfaction with each device's comfort, features, and motivational effect. Additionally, participants shared experiences and feedback in focus groups. Features that promote adoption of WATs …
Genomics-Informed Nursing Care: A Survey Of Nicu Nurses' Experience And Perspectives Related To Genomic Sequencing, Rachel I. Anderson
Genomics-Informed Nursing Care: A Survey Of Nicu Nurses' Experience And Perspectives Related To Genomic Sequencing, Rachel I. Anderson
Theses and Dissertations
Background: Genomic sequencing is used in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) to diagnose babies with genetic disorders. Purpose: To explore the experiences and knowledge of nurses working in NICUs related to genomic sequencing. Methods: This was a mixed-methods, cross-sectional descriptive survey of NICU nurses attending a national conference. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Qualitative data were coded into categories and themes. Results: Of 188 NICU nurses, nearly half reported experience with genomic sequencing. Among nurses with experience, 62.7% rated the amount of discussion they had with families about genomic sequencing as "0". Additionally, 72.7% of participants reported …
Intolerance Of Uncertainty, Sensory Processing, And Related Correlates In Autistic Children During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Mollie Bradley
Intolerance Of Uncertainty, Sensory Processing, And Related Correlates In Autistic Children During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Mollie Bradley
Theses and Dissertations
The COVID-19 pandemic increased uncertainty and anxiety for most and was especially disruptive to autistic people and their families. Autistic children were particularly vulnerable due to their intolerance for increased uncertainty and disruption to their school and therapy support. This study aimed to investigate the effect that increased uncertainty had on autistic children, specifically their sensory behaviors and stress levels and on the stress levels of their primary caregivers. Parents and guardians of 47 autistic children completed an online survey consisting of questions investigating background and demographic information, their experiences during the first six months of the pandemic, information about …
A Comparative Study On The Expository Writing Abilities Of Kindergarten Students With And Without Developmental Language Disorder, Kristine Michelle Dayley Andrus
A Comparative Study On The Expository Writing Abilities Of Kindergarten Students With And Without Developmental Language Disorder, Kristine Michelle Dayley Andrus
Theses and Dissertations
State standards require kindergarten students to produce expository writing, but little research has been done regarding their abilities in this area. This study describes expository writing samples of 47 typically developing (TD) kindergarteners and 43 kindergarteners with developmental language disorder (DLD). The Expository Language Measures (ELM) Flow Chart and the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts (SALT) software were used to detail the language complexity and text structure features the children in the sample produced. When comparing TD and DLD children's expository written samples, no significant differences in the language and text structure measures were found. It is important to continue …
The Impact Of Background Noise On The Communicative Experience Of People With Mild To Moderate Aphasia: A Qualitative Study, Riley Robertson Hegewald
The Impact Of Background Noise On The Communicative Experience Of People With Mild To Moderate Aphasia: A Qualitative Study, Riley Robertson Hegewald
Theses and Dissertations
This study examined how retelling stories with a variety different background noise conditions affected the communicative experiences of people with aphasia (PWA). Participants included 11 adults with mild to moderate aphasia and 11 age- and gender-matched controls. Participants participated in a semi-structured interview immediately following the experimental measure where they were asked open-ended questions regarding their experience retelling stories and how those experiences related to their everyday lives. Results revealed three themes related to how participants responded to communicating in noise: (a) cognitive reactions, (b) emotional reactions, and (c) social reactions. The findings suggest that PWA exert more effort when …
The Analysis Of Omission And Substitution Errors In Various Language Tasks In Bilingual Children, Macy Whiting
The Analysis Of Omission And Substitution Errors In Various Language Tasks In Bilingual Children, Macy Whiting
Theses and Dissertations
As the population of Spanish-English bilingual children in the United States steadily grows, the importance of accurately assessing and diagnosing developmental language disorder (DLD) has also grown. Understanding a child's underlying language learning system is critical in this process. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of nonword repetition (NWR) tasks in bilingual children across a wide range of development, however there is little information regarding guidelines for interpretation of NWR performance or analyzing error patterns. This study was conducted to address these gaps in the research. A sample of 26 Spanish-English bilingual school aged children (6;0-9;4) were administered English and …
Examining The Preliminary Validity Of A Dynamic Assessment Of Narrative Language In Mandarin Chinese, Lok Yee Sarah Cheung
Examining The Preliminary Validity Of A Dynamic Assessment Of Narrative Language In Mandarin Chinese, Lok Yee Sarah Cheung
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this thesis was to examine the preliminary validity of a newly developed dynamic assessment of narrative language in Mandarin Chinese. Two studies are reported in this thesis. Study 1 included 31 second grade participants and Study 2 included 43 first grade participants. All participants were enrolled in a Chinese immersion program in an elementary school in Utah. A dynamic assessment of narrative language was administered to each participant in Mandarin Chinese. A teacher rating was also included in Study 1. Results indicated that the dynamic assessment investigated in this thesis demonstrated some similar characteristics with other valid …
Comparing Relative And Absolute Reliability Of Short Versus Long Narrative Retells, Jenna Hollis
Comparing Relative And Absolute Reliability Of Short Versus Long Narrative Retells, Jenna Hollis
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of the current study was to examine and compare relative and absolute reliability estimates between brief, linguistically compact narrative retells and longer, more linguistically diffuse narrative retells. The participants included 190 school-age children in firstsixth grade from Utah, Arizona, and Colorado. Participants completed two brief narrative retells using the Narrative Language Measures (NLM) Listening subtest of the CUBED assessment and one longer narrative retell using the wordless picture book Frog, Where Are You? (FWAY). These language samples were then analyzed for language productivity, complexity, and story grammar elements using the Systematic Analysis of Language Transcripts software program and …
The Effect Of Two Rate Change Approaches On Speech Movement Patterns, Noelle Marie Lewis
The Effect Of Two Rate Change Approaches On Speech Movement Patterns, Noelle Marie Lewis
Theses and Dissertations
The current study examined the effect of different rate change approaches on speech movement patterns, including increasing and decreasing speaking rate volitionally, as well as with delayed auditory feedback (DAF). There were 10 participants, five male and five female, with a mean age of 25 years. All were typical speakers. Participants spoke the sentence “Don’t fight or pout over a toy car” under slow, fast and DAF speaking conditions. A total of 5 sensors were glued to each participant’s tongue, teeth, and lips. NDI Wave electromagnetic articulography recorded the articulatory movements from these sensors as the participants spoke. Metrics for …
Dating App Facilitated Sexual Assault: A Growing Phenomenon, Kristen Mella Hamblin
Dating App Facilitated Sexual Assault: A Growing Phenomenon, Kristen Mella Hamblin
Theses and Dissertations
Dating App Facilitated Sexual Assault (DAppSA) is a new phenomenon and growing concern. Research on DAppSA is extremely limited. This study aimed to identify unique victim and assault characteristics associated with DAppSAs. A retrospective SAMFE chart review of patients (N = 3,413) from 2017 to 2020 was conducted. Sexual assault nurse examiners completed SAMFEs. Inclusion criteria for DAppSA cases included 1) victim was 14 years of age or older; 2) victim indicated they met the perpetrator on a dating website or app; 3) the SA occurred at the initial in-person meeting; 4) victim had a SAMFE with evidence collection. DAppSAs …
Frequency And Magnitude Of Obstacles And Helpful Behavior Items In End-Of-Life Care As Perceived By Nurses Working In Critical Access Hospitals, Shalyn C. Larsen
Frequency And Magnitude Of Obstacles And Helpful Behavior Items In End-Of-Life Care As Perceived By Nurses Working In Critical Access Hospitals, Shalyn C. Larsen
Theses and Dissertations
Background: Twenty percent of Americans live in rural areas where most of their healthcare is provided in Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs). It is unknown how frequently obstacle and helpful behavior items occur in End-of-Life (EOL) care in CAHs. Objectives: To determine the frequency of occurrence scores of obstacle and helpful behavior items in providing EOL care in CAHs. To also determine which obstacles and helpful behaviors have the greatest or least impact on EOL care based on the magnitude scores. Methods: A questionnaire was sent to nurses working in 39 CAHs in the United States. Nurse participants were asked to …
A Vaccine Education Module For University Students: Vaccine Concerns And Knowledge Gained, Joslyn D. Wilson
A Vaccine Education Module For University Students: Vaccine Concerns And Knowledge Gained, Joslyn D. Wilson
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: The purposes of this research are to evaluate the effectiveness of a vaccine education module (VEM) in 1) contributing to new vaccine knowledge of university freshmen; and 2) identifying common vaccine concerns of university freshmen before and after completing the VEM. Methods: A VEM, including information about vaccine-preventable diseases, benefits of vaccines, principles of community or herd immunity, and where to go to get vaccinated, was created for freshman students. Student vaccine concerns were identified using a pretest/posttest quasi-experimental design using an online questionnaire before and after completing the VEM. After the VEM, participants were also asked to identify …
Student Nurse Knowledge And Confidence Regarding Childhood Immunizations, Heather Westergard
Student Nurse Knowledge And Confidence Regarding Childhood Immunizations, Heather Westergard
Theses and Dissertations
Background: Immunization training is essential for nursing students. However, Brigham Young University's (BYU) Nursing Program lacks data regarding the current curriculum's effect on vaccination knowledge and confidence. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to explore BYU nursing students' knowledge and confidence regarding vaccinations. Methods: Nursing students at BYU in the second and fourth semesters were surveyed using pre-and post-test questionnaires designed to measure student nurses' knowledge of and confidence about immunizations. To help evaluate current curricula established immunization content was taught during both the public health course and pediatric course via direct instruction, assigned reading, quizzes, exams, lab, and …
The Impact Of Emergency Response Trainees During The Ebola Outbreak In Sierra Leone, 2014-2016, Abbey Whitcomb
The Impact Of Emergency Response Trainees During The Ebola Outbreak In Sierra Leone, 2014-2016, Abbey Whitcomb
Undergraduate Honors Theses
This research aimed to address the impact of non-health trainees as a part of the emergency health response during the Ebola outbreak within Sierra Leone. The non-health trainees, including sanitation workers within health settings, ambulance drivers, burial teams, prison officers, community engagement staff, border officers, traditional birth assistants, etc. was contrasted with individuals receiving clinical and patient-care training. The data were taken from weekly situation reports published by the Internal Organization for Migration in 2015. Using a negative binomial model, we sought to determine the incidence rate ratio of weekly cases and deaths as a result of new trainees. Trainees …
Critical Access Hospital Nurses' Perceptions Of Obstacles And Helpful Behaviors In End-Of-Life Care, Trissa Michelle Lyman
Critical Access Hospital Nurses' Perceptions Of Obstacles And Helpful Behaviors In End-Of-Life Care, Trissa Michelle Lyman
Theses and Dissertations
Background: The Critical Access Hospitals (CAHs) system was developed to bring health care to rural populations. Although CAHs lack equipment and resources, CAH nurses still provide end-of-life (EOL) care to critically-ill and dying patients. Objectives: To determine the largest and smallest ranked obstacles and helpful behaviors to providing EOL care to rural patients as perceived by CAH nurses. Also, to determine how CAH nurses' perceptions of obstacles and helpful behaviors to providing EOL care compare to that of their urban counterparts. Methods: A cross-sectional, nationally representative sample of nurses working in 39 CAHs were sent a questionnaire. Nurse participants were …
Educational Intervention On Rheumatic Heart Disease In Samoa, Linda Loyda Ida Tovar
Educational Intervention On Rheumatic Heart Disease In Samoa, Linda Loyda Ida Tovar
Undergraduate Honors Theses
This paper reviews the impact of rheumatic heart disease (RHD) in Samoa and assesses the effectiveness of a caregiver education intervention by using data collected during the 2019 Rheumatic Relief Program trip. A pre- and post- survey collection tool was used to evaluate the effectiveness of current educational efforts among Samoan child caregivers. Dr. Richard Gill and Dr. Lori Allen, who are both BYU Department of Biology professors and Rheumatic Relief directors, participated in the creation of this program evaluation and completion. This project aims to assess the current caregiver education intervention program used in Rheumatic Relief and provide clear …
Social Determinants Of Health Screening And Preventive Care: A Survey To Assist In Linking Patients To Community Resources In Payson, Utah, Gabriel Ghanadan
Social Determinants Of Health Screening And Preventive Care: A Survey To Assist In Linking Patients To Community Resources In Payson, Utah, Gabriel Ghanadan
Undergraduate Honors Theses
A survey was conducted to screen for social factors that may negatively affect the health of patients being seen by physicians at the Revere Health Family Medicine Clinic in Payson, Utah. Patients who expressed the need for local community services and resources were referred to these services by researchers via phone after physicians were consulted. Out of 690 individuals who visited the clinic between November 11 to December 2, 2019, the survey was administered to and filled out completely by 169 patients. Demographic information on participants was not collected to reduce response time and encourage participation. One hundred and twelve …
Effectiveness Of A Vaccination Education Module For College Freshman, Gavin Robert Behunin
Effectiveness Of A Vaccination Education Module For College Freshman, Gavin Robert Behunin
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate a vaccination education module and evaluate its effectiveness to improve vaccine beliefs and behaviors among college freshmen. The participants included 177 college freshmen at one Utah university. Participants were eligible for this study if admitted as a new freshman during the 2019-2020 school year. The study was a cross-sectional pre- and post-education evaluation assessing vaccine beliefs and behaviors using a Likert-type scale. After completing the vaccination education module, participants' vaccine beliefs and behavioral intentions improved. Participants reported they were more likely to be up-to-date on personal vaccines and more likely to expect …
The Influence Of Pause On Listeners' Perceptions In Speech Of People With Aphasia, Emily Wright
The Influence Of Pause On Listeners' Perceptions In Speech Of People With Aphasia, Emily Wright
Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this study was to examine how varying pause lengths in speech of people with aphasia (PWA) influences listeners' perceptions. The study specifically assesses listeners' perceptions of communicative effectiveness and speaker likability. Speech samples from six people with nonfluent or fluent aphasia were obtained from a previous study conducted by Harmon (2018). The speech samples were modified to create four sets of stimuli, including the original recordings, normalized within utterance pauses, normalized between utterance pauses, and normalized for both within and between utterance pauses. Forty listeners rated each of the speech samples based on the perceived communicative effectiveness …
Correlations Between Cognitive Pause Patterns And Listener Perceptions Of Communicative Effectiveness And Likeability For People With Aphasia, Heidi Raylene Mcconaghie
Correlations Between Cognitive Pause Patterns And Listener Perceptions Of Communicative Effectiveness And Likeability For People With Aphasia, Heidi Raylene Mcconaghie
Theses and Dissertations
A prevalent feature of typical spontaneous speech are speech pauses. Longer speech pauses, known as cognitive pauses, occur in typical speech and are indicative of higher-level cognitive processes. Atypical cognitive pauses, however, are prevalent in the speech of people with aphasia consequent to their communication disorder. Research has shown that these atypical pauses may contribute to negative listener perceptions. This study aimed to determine the influence of atypical speech pause on listener perceptions of communicative effectiveness and speaker likeability. Specifically, this study evaluated the relationship between listener ratings of communicative effectiveness and likeability and acoustic measures of between-utterance pause duration, …
Non-Anogenital And Anogenital Injuries Of Females Following Sexual Assault: A Retrospective, Descriptive Study From 5,464 Sexual Assault Forensic Medical Examination (Safme) Reports, Atalie M. Bradshaw
Theses and Dissertations
The focus of this retrospective, descriptive study is to describe non-anogenital and anogenital injuries documented in over 5,000 sexual assault forensic medical examination (SAFME) reports of female patients. The study findings expand understanding of injuries documented following sexual assault by exploring associations between injuries and a multitude of variables: patient demographics (age, race, gender); time between assault and examination; patient-perpetrator relationship; perpetrator actions (strangulation, hit, verbally threatened/coerced, use of restraints, grabbed/held); number of assaultive acts; multiple-perpetrators; suspected drug-facilitated assaults; patient and perpetrator use of alcohol and drugs; and physically or mentally impaired patients. The various types and locations of injuries …
Mothers Without Borders Program Evaluation: Establishing Effective Program Evaluation To Assess Holistic Orphan Care Initiatives In Zambia, Alyssa Baer
Undergraduate Honors Theses
This paper uses an interdisciplinary approach—combining theories and methodologies from the Social Impact and Public Health disciplines—to design an evaluation of Mothers Without Borders’ (MWB) programs in Lusaka, Zambia. Their programs aim to support communities as they care for children in crisis living in their communities—with a focus on communities with large populations of orphaned and vulnerable children (OVC) as a result of the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This paper provides an overview of the orphan crisis, international orphan care standards, and evaluation practices in order to understand and design an effective evaluation plan for the organization. This project aims to provide …
A Descriptive Study Of Male Victims Of Sexual Assault Seen For A Sexual Assault Forensic Medical Examination, Madeleine Prince
A Descriptive Study Of Male Victims Of Sexual Assault Seen For A Sexual Assault Forensic Medical Examination, Madeleine Prince
Undergraduate Honors Theses
Ten percent of all victims who report a sexual assault (SA) are male (Department of Justice, 2013), yet there has been little research on their experiences. Further study on the unique characteristics of male SA victims is warranted. The purpose of this study is to explore, identify, and analyze variables of male SA victims who received a SA forensic medical examination (SAFME), and identify implications and areas for future research. Data from the SAFME charts were entered into the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Male victims were compared to female victims from the same data set. …
Metabolomics Of Acid Whey Derived From Greek Yogurt, Muriel Mercedes Allen
Metabolomics Of Acid Whey Derived From Greek Yogurt, Muriel Mercedes Allen
Theses and Dissertations
Acid whey, a byproduct of Greek yogurt production, has little commercial value due to its low protein content and is also environmentally harmful when disposed of as waste. However, as a product of microbial fermentation, acid whey could be a rich source of beneficial metabolites associated with fermented foods. This study increases understanding of acid whey composition by providing a complete metabolomic profile of acid whey. Commercial and lab-made Greek yogurts, prepared with three different bacterial culture combinations, were evaluated. Samples of unfermented yogurt mix and cultured whey from each batch were analyzed. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry metabolomics were …
The Classification Accuracy Of A Dynamic Assessment Of Inferential Word Learning For School-Age Children With And Without Language Disorder, Britney Ann Newey
The Classification Accuracy Of A Dynamic Assessment Of Inferential Word Learning For School-Age Children With And Without Language Disorder, Britney Ann Newey
Theses and Dissertations
Purpose: This study examines the classification accuracy and interrater reliability of a dynamic assessment (DA) of inferential word learning designed to accurately identify kindergarten through sixth-grade students with and without language disorder. Method: The participants included 127 school-age children from a mountain west school district who were administered a DA of inferential word learning that entailed a pretest, a teaching phase, an examiner rating of the child's ability to infer word meaning (modifiability), and posttests. Results: Hierarchical logistic regression and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses revealed that combining all posttests, the modifiability total, and the final examiner judgement scores from …
Exploring Korean Hand Therapy In Treating Plantar Fasciitis: A Pilot Study, Alice A-Hui Osborn Fetzer
Exploring Korean Hand Therapy In Treating Plantar Fasciitis: A Pilot Study, Alice A-Hui Osborn Fetzer
Theses and Dissertations
PF is one of the most common foot and ankle problems. People with PF experience mild to severe pain that interferes moderately with activities of daily living (ADL). Due to chronic pain that interferes with ADL, people with PF often use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory medications and/or acetaminophen. These medications alleviate pain but cannot eliminate it. Additionally, with chronic use, these medications can cause well-known adverse side effects. The purposes of this study were to investigate the effect of Korean Hand Therapy (KHT) in (1) treating the pain experienced in patients with plantar fasciitis (PF), (2) evaluating its impact on functionality, and …
Validation Of Activity Trackers In A Daily Living Setting In Young Adults, Jodi B. Wimmer
Validation Of Activity Trackers In A Daily Living Setting In Young Adults, Jodi B. Wimmer
Theses and Dissertations
Sedentary behavior (SB) contributes to many negative health-related outcomes. Motivation to reduce SB and increase physical activity (PA) are necessary to reduce co-morbidities. Tracking SB and PA provides objective data to help promote wellness. The purposes of this quasi-experimental study were to 1) determine the accuracy of three commercially available activity trackers compared to research-grade accelerometers, and 2) explore whether using these activity trackers led to a change in activity level one week after gathering baseline data. Activity trackers used in this study were Apple Watch, Fitbit Surge, and Microsoft Band 2. A convenience sample of college-age students and community …
The Role Of Traditional Food In Jamaican Immigrants' Perceptions Of Health And Well-Being, Audrey Janice Simpson
The Role Of Traditional Food In Jamaican Immigrants' Perceptions Of Health And Well-Being, Audrey Janice Simpson
Theses and Dissertations
Immigrants face many challenges when transitioning to life in a new country, and access to their traditional food can assist in facilitating a smoother transition. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact that access to traditional food has on the perception of health and well-being of Jamaican immigrants to the United States. Methods: Using a qualitative descriptive design, twenty Jamaicans (10 in New York; 10 in Utah) participated in semi-structured interviews, which were transcribed and analyzed. Results: Participants expressed a preference for traditional food. New York participants had greater access to Jamaican food and rated their health …