Medicine and Health Sciences Commons^™

A Comparison Between The Effect Of Different Pressures Of Air Particle Abrasion Before And After Sintering With And Without Zirconia Liner On Bond Strength Of Resin To Zirconia Surface, Lina Mohamad Saadeh, Ehab A. Farghaly, Mohammad M. Rayyan, Essam Osman

BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development

This study aimed to compare the effect of different pressures of air particle abrasion 2 and 4 bars before and after sintering with and without zirconia liner on SBS of resin to zirconia Surface. Materials and Methods: 54 zirconia cuboids 8×8×3 mm were milled and divided into 6 equal groups (N=9) according to surface treatment; sintered with ceramic liner application and 2 bars pressure (SL2) and with 4 bars pressure (SL4), sintered with no ceramic liner and 2 bars pressure (SN2) and 4 bars pressure (SN4), unsintered with no ceramic liner and 2 bars pressure (UN2) and 4 bars pressure …

Evaluation Of The Effectiveness Of Continuing Professional Development In The Pharmaceutical Workplace: A Cross-Sectional Study In Lebanon, Georges Hatem, Mathijs Goossens, Diana Ghanem, Roula Bou Assi

BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development

The objective of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of Continuous Professional Development in the pharmaceutical workplace and the direct impact on the pharmacists’ personal and professional progression and to assess their perceptions toward various CPD methods and their incorporation into this recent learning pathway. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Lebanon within three months from July 2017 till September 2017 using a survey as a tool. Overall 142 participants were conveniently selected frequency matching national government estimates of pharmacists’ work location and gender . Results: Among the respondents, 38.7% reported that they have learnt through CD/DVD, …

Evaluation Of Root-End Resection With Conventional And Ultrasonic Methods: A Single-Blind, Randomized In-Vitro Study, Mohammad Al Shammaa, Roula S. Abiad, Nayer Abo Elsaad

BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development

The root-end resection is considered critical endodontic surgical procedure. Three millimeters of the root tip is resected and root-end cavity with parallel walls and comparable depth is cut to receive a root-end filling. The literature discussed dentinal cracks after root canal instrumentation and/or root dentine cutting. The aim of the present study was to assess cracks at root ends after resection with conventional versus ultrasonic techniques. Material and Methodology: Thirty-two extracted human lower premolar teeth with single root were used. Their root canals were prepared and received gutta-percha. Sixteen roots Group 1 were resected using tungsten carbide fissure burs, while …

Eradication Of Enterococcus Faecalis In Conventional Endodontic Retreatments (A Randomized Clinical Trial), Fadl H. Khaled, Roula S. Abiad, Khaled Abd El Galil, Essam Osman

BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development

Enterococcus faecalis is the most common bacteria isolated in conventional endodontic retreatments. Aim: To compare the impact of three irrigation modalities on the elimination of the isolated microbial strains of Enterococcus faecalis. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients requiring conventional endodontic retreatment for one of their mandibular premolars and tested positive for E. faecalis were chosen. Patients were randomly divided into three groups (n=10) according to the irrigation modality to be used; group I: syringe irrigation (NaOCl 2.625%), group II: NaOCl 2.625%+EndoActivator and group III: NaOCl 2.625%+diode laser. Before obturation, samples S2 were collected and PCR analysis was performed to identify …

Dz-Bau2021-14n As Novel Pyrazolopyridine Nanocrystals: Appraisal Of Anticancer Activity Against Hct-116 And Ht-29 Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines, Zahra Kassem, Soumaiah Abou Staiteieh, Jamal Nasr, Amina Mneimneh, Ali Youssef, Nadine Darwiche, Doaa Issa, Raghida Bou Merhi, Mohammed Mehanna

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Mentioning DZ-BAU2021-14 (C₁₉H₁₇N₅O₂,347.370 g/mol) developed in BAU Labs, its promising preliminary antitumor effect nominated it to be selected as a lead antiproliferative compound against colorectal cancer cell lines owing to its proved Cyclin Dependent Kinase 2 (CDK2) inhibition (Kassem et al., 2021). Solving many problems restricting traditional cancer therapy, nanotechnology is offering safety margins and targeted delivery of poorly soluble drug. The potential effect of this compound was combined with the advantages of nanotechnology, precisely nanocrystals to achieve better antiproliferative and hopeful less cytotoxic patterns. The nanocrystals DZ-BAU2021-14N were …

Knowledge, Attitudes And Practices Regarding The Use Of Antibiotics: A Cross-Sectional Study From A Rural Area Of Lebanon, Carine Mounzer, Safaa Baydoun, Ranya Amer, Jamilah Borjac

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Despite the presence of a national policy restricting the easy access to antibiotics, irrational use of antibiotics continues to be widespread both in human use and livestock production in Lebanon. This study targets the general population in the rural region of Bekaa to assess their knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP) towards antibiotic use. A cross sectional questionnaire was completed by 1151 participants, through face-to-face interviews. Study population was randomly selected. Descriptive statistics and correlation tests were applied in data analysis. 69.2% of participants had a very poor knowledge about antibiotics. More than 70% believed that viral infections may be treated …

The Impact Of Emerging Technology On Nurses Caring Behavior During Blood Pressure Monitoring For Adult Patients At General Hospitals, Kuwait., Eman Al Awade, Hanan Alnuqaidan, Marthal Johnson, Hoda Diab

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Introduction: The nursing profession has advanced immensely from the onset. Remarkable changes in medical technology facilitated patients’ survival and treatments which were unimaginable during the period of Florence Nightingale. Although, technology empowered the nurses to provide quality care to patients, some of these technologies can break the bond of therapeutic nurse - patient relationship and make it mechanical, instead. Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate nurses caring behavior during blood pressure monitoring with manual and electronic devices. Objective: Compare the nurses caring behavior while monitoring blood pressure by electronic and manual devices. Methods: a descriptive comparative design …

Prevalence Of Esbl-Producing Enterobacteriaceae Among Lebanese Patients With Urinary Tract Infections, Rasha Abdallah, Bassel Abdallah

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Being the most common infections worldwide, Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs) represent a major public health problem. Gram negative bacteria are the main pathogens causing UTIs where Extended spectrum β–lactamase (ESBL)-Producing Enterobacteriaceae, mainly the multi-drug resistant species, such as E. coli sequence type 131 and klebsiella.pneumoniae, account for serious health problems and high economic burden. In Lebanon, data about prevalence of antibiotic resistant pathogens during UTIs are still scarce. In this study we examined the prevalence of ESBL-producing pathogens among Lebanese patients mainly located at Bekaa governorate. This retrospective study included 7241 urine tests that were collected from all the …

Assessment Of Nurses’ Knowledge And Care Practices For Infection Prevention In Neutropenic Patients In Bekaa, Lebanon: A Descriptive Cross-Sectional Design, Mona Mortada, Salim Moussa

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Neutropenia is one of the serious complications to chemotherapy that increases the risk of infection and even mortality. Nurses’ knowledge about neutropenia and their care practices are essential in order to protect neutropenic patients from infection. Thus, this study aimed to assess nurses' knowledge and care practices for infection prevention in neutropenic patients in Bekaa, Lebanon. A cross-sectional descriptive research study had been conducted in five hospitals located in Bekaa district. 81 nurses had been recruited by convenience sampling. They completed the ‘Nurses’ Knowledge and Care Practices for Infection Control in Neutropenic Patients’ questionnaire. The majority were females 77.8% (n=63), …

Discovery Of Pyrazolopyridine Derivatives Dually Targeting Inflammation And Proliferation In Colorectal Cancer Cell Lines: In-Silico Drug Design Approach, Zahra Kassem, Raghida Bou Merhi, Doaa Issa

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Elimination of inflammation represents a promising strategy for cancer prevention and treatment since cancer and inflammation are related. The combined use of anti-inflammatory agents and cancer therapy is a focal point. In this frame, pyrazolopyridine derivatives DZ-BAU2021-6 and DZ-BAU2021-14, developed in BAU Labs, having promising anti-proliferative activity on colon cancer cells HCT-116 and HT-29 with notable IC50 values and remarkable CDK2 inhibitory effect, were in-silico tested. As an approach to dual anti-inflammatory anticancer potential, their binding modes and energies on the active site of crystalline structure of CDK2 and COX2, (1HCK and 3LN1), respectively were explored. Their physicochemical and pharmacokinetic …

Knowledge, Attitude, And Practice Towards Antibiotic Use Among Lebanese Health Professions Students: A Multicentre Cross-Sectional Study, Rayan Damer, Hiyam Kojok, Nada El Darra, Fatima Saleh

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Antibiotic resistance poses a great threat to the public health at a global scale. This resistance has emerged due to the misuse and overuse of antibiotics, especially in countries where antibiotics are dispensed without a prescription. The aim of this study was to evaluate knowledge, behavior and practice towards antibiotics among medical students in universities. The study is a cross sectional survey using questionnaire. Data were collected from a random sample of 226 students of two faculties pharmacy and health sciences. Results showed good knowledge of participants since 87.6% had more than 50% correct answers. 47% of physicians prescribe antibiotics …

Effect Of Different Irrigation Regimens On Enterococcus Faecalis Elimination From Infected Root Canals (An In-Vitro Comparative Study), Fadl Khaled, Roula Abiad, Khaled Abd El Galil, Essam Osman

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Microorganisms harbored in the complexities of root canal systems might lead to endodontic failures and development of apical periodontitis. Enterococcus faecalis is the most common isolated bacteria in these cases. Aim: This study was conducted to compare the efficiency of four irrigation regimens on the elimination of an inoculated strain of E. faecalis. Materials and Methods: Forty single rooted extracted premolars were inoculated with a standard strain of Enterococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and incubated at 37˚C for two weeks to allow infection of the dentinal tubules. The bacterial suspension was replaced with a new one every 48 hours. The teeth …

Maintaining Root Canal Curvatures After Preparation With Different Nickel-Titanium Rotary Systems (A Comparative In Vitro Study), Wael Betbout, Mohammad Al Shammaa, Roula S. Abiad

BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development

The ongoing advancement of materials and methods for root canal instrumentation is resulting in improved techniques with minimal variations to the canal morphology. One standard for assessment of the shaping quality of curved root canals is preparation-induced straightening of the canal. The aim of the study: To compare the effects of 2 Nickel-Titanium rotary systems, 2Shape (Micro-Mega, Besançon, France) and ProTaper Next (Dentsply,Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland), on maintaining the distobuccal canals curvature of extracted human maxillary molar teeth using periapical radiographs. Materials and methods: In this study a total of 26 distobuccal roots of upper maxillary molars were used and divided …

Effect Of Corporate Social Responsiblity Activities On Employee Engagement In The Lebanese Pharmaceutical Field, Ola Bazaza

BAU Journal - Creative Sustainable Development

This paper seeks to explore the interrelationship between corporate social responsibility (CSR) and employee engagement; first theoretically by reviewing the literature and secondly by surveying different respondents from across Lebanon working in different pharmaceutical fields. The aim of this paper was to seek a correlation between corporate social responsibility and how it would impact employee engagement and enthusiasm and if it would result in better return towards society. The data collected from the surveys was computed using SPSS program and the results in hand were analyzed in order to seek out the relation between the two studied factors. The results …

Impact Of Covid-19 Confinement On Physical Activity And Dietary Habits In Physical Therapy Students And Professionals In Lebanon: A Cross-Sectional Study, Rami A. Abbas, Sarah Al Omari, Ayman El Khatib

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

COVID-19 pandemic caused radical changes to the daily living activities of Lebanese population since it led the government to adopt restrictive measures and force obligatory confinement. This study aimed to identify the dietary, using Prevention with Mediterranean Diet (PREDIMED), and physical activity, using International Physical Activity Questionnaire- short form (IPAQ-SF), among physical therapy students and professionals residing in Lebanon before and during the COVID-19 confinement period. A cross-sectional descriptive study based on self-administered questionnaires was carried out from late January to the beginning of February, which coincides with the third home confinement period. Surveys were disseminated through multiple social media …

Food Safety Recommendations During The Era Of Covid-19 Pandemic, Nada El Darra

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

The coronavirus disease COVID-19 is a respiratory illness declared on March 11, 2020 as a pandemic by the World Health Organization due to its rapid spread among countries since it is very contagious. Data on COVID-19 has shown that there is no evidence that the virus is transmitted by food. To reduce the risk of COVID-19 infection, it is imperative to follow a list of recommendations. It is essential within food establishments to emphasize on food safety systems implementations, including pre-requisites programmes such as good hygienic practices, good manufacturing practices, pest control, cleaning and sanitation as well as implementing Hazard …

The Role Of Smart Architectural Elements In Reducing The Pandemic Effect In Residential Compounds, Christina Najem, Marwan Halabi, Hiba Mohsen, Maged Youssef

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Pandemic is an episode of an illness that happens over a wide geographic zone, (for example, different nations or countries) and regularly influences a huge extent of the population, which is in our case a virus called COVID-19. The problem or the gap lies in the houses and type of residents we have now, that aren’t adaptable and flexible enough to survive a pandemic while focusing on social distancing, safe living, and many other decisions, all the while keeping the human interaction alive. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to propose guidelines on how new smart architectural elements …

Criminal Liability Of Covid-19 Carriers (Lebanon), Tarteel Turki Darwish

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Since the spread of COVID-19, all governments tried to cape with this international pandemic which was classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March, 11 as a pandemic. Lebanese ministry of health, recommended in a statement issued on 21.03.2020 the date of the beginning of COVID-19 spread, that all of individuals with a confirmed or probable COVID-19 be quarantined at home and those who don’t follow the preventive precautions will be legally punished. On 04.03.2020 the Lebanese ministry of health issued an announcement no. 42 about “defining COVID-19 cases which are classified as transmitted and infectious diseases cases which …

Hand Sanitizers Use During Covid-19 Pandemic: Knowledge, Preference, And Adherence Of A Sample Of The Lebanese Population., May Saab, Souraya Domiati

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Purpose: Preventive measure has been a gold stone in reducing the spread of Coronavirus disease of 2019. These measures include quarantine, social distancing, face mask use, and most importantly hand hygiene. Consequently, alcohol-based hand sanitizers have been used abundantly. The current study aimed to assess the knowledge, preference, and practice toward hand sanitizers of the Lebanese community, during the pandemic period.

Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out from mid of May to mid of June 2020. Adult Lebanese residents from the 5 main Lebanese districts were invited to participate in the study. The questionnaire included demographic data, 5 …

Is Daycare A Safe Place For Kids During Covid-19 Pandemic? Opinion Of The Lebanese Middle To Low Economic Status Mothers, Souraya Domiati, Abir Wehbeh

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Purpose: COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted the whole society including mothers who struggled between paid work, housework, and full-time childcare. Daycare used to relieve part of this burden. Accordingly, the current study aimed to assess the mothers’ acceptability of sending their children to daycare and the factors that influenced the decision.

Subject and Method: A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study was carried out through phone calls in November 2020. Lebanese mothers of children from 0 to 3 years were invited to participate in the study. The questionnaire included demographic data, perception of the ways of COVID-19 transmission, Snyder’s Hope Scale, and acceptability …

Covid-19: What About Dentists?, Hania Alameddine, Julien Issa, Nayer Aboelsaad

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Coronavirus (COVID-19) has been associated with person-to-person transmission. This includes droplets inhalation, exposure to saliva, and contact with the oral or nasal mucosa. The World Health Organization (WHO) made it public that the novel coronavirus initiated an international public health emergency. COVID-19 cases are rising up until this day, as of End-April 2021, around 141 million confirmed cases and 3 million deaths were reported worldwide. Due to the characteristics of dental clinics, dental health care personnel are at a higher risk of getting exposed to the COVID-19 infection. Thus, there is an urgent need to improve the current implemented recommendations …

Knowledge And Perceptions Towards Novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) Among Lebanese Healthcare Workers, Faten Zein, Ali Samaha, Mohammad Itani, Mirna Fawaz

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

During the first week of March, the surge of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases reached over 100 countries with more than 100,000 cases. Healthcare authorities have already initiated awareness and preparedness activities beyond borders. A poor understanding of the disease among healthcare workers (HCWs) may result in delayed treatment and the rapid spread of infection. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and perceptions of HCWs about COVID-19. A cross-sectional, web-based study was conducted among HCWs about COVID19, where a 23-item survey instrument was developed and distributed randomly to HCWs using google forms and email portals. The majority of the …

Medical Education During Covid-19 Pandemic: The Experience Of Faculty Of Medicine, Beirut Arab University (Bau): Challenges, Successes And Lessons Learned, Naglaa Mashaal, Hala Ahmadieh

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Background: The novel Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has significantly disrupted and challenged medical education at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels. In this article, the experience at Beirut Arab University Faculty of Medicine (BAUFM), during the COVID-19 pandemic, is being shared with its challenges, successes and lessons learned. The program of BAUFM is divided into three phases: Pre-Clerkship (Semesters 1 to 6), Clerkship (Semesters 7 to 10), and Pre-internship (Semesters 11 and 12), it extends over six years duration, followed by one year of Internship. The curriculum is developed to be outcomes-based, and is composed from Phases and Modules. …

Comparative Study Of The Effect Of Three Different Irrigating Techniques On Debris And Smear Layer Distribution In Root Canals (An In Vitro Study), Maysoun Mohamad Ahmad, Mohamed Atef Ibrahim, Amr Abdallah

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

The aim of this study was to compare, in vitro, the cleaning efficacy of three different irrigation techniques: syringe irrigation (Navitip) using NaOCl, sonic irrigation system (EndoActivator), and passive ultrasonic irrigation system (PUI) on debris and smear layer distribution in the root canal at three different levels. Materials and Methods: Sixty freshly extracted single-rooted human mandibular premolars were decoronated to a standardized length of twenty millimeters. Specimens were shaped to IRace 25 size and irrigated with 3 mL 2.5% NaOCl between instrumentation. Teeth were divided randomly into three equal groups: Group I (n=20): Irrigation manually with a syringe (Navitip) (n=20), …

Exploring Customer Relationship Management In Two Private Hospitals In Kuwait, Yassmin Diab

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

The private hospital industry in Kuwait is an important contributor in the economy of the country. There has been a major increase in the number of private hospitals and clinics in the past four years, and more hospitals are launching new services in the private healthcare sector. In order to succeed in this sector, it is important for an organization to focus on Customer Relationship Management (CRM) for thriving in the competitive market. A customer relationship management strategy is believed to give a competitive edge to hospitals, as customers nowadays make their decisions based on the type and strength of …

Knowledge, Attitude And Practice Of Hepatitis B Virus Infection Among Dentists, Darine Al Bakri, Mohammad Itani, Mirna Fawaz

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Dentists are at high risk for contracting Hepatitis B virus (HBV), which leads to severe liver disease. Proper infection control measures are supposed to be in place to avoid transmission, especially with the exposure to blood that dentists are at risk of. A cross-sectional study with quantitative method using a valid research questionnaire. A convenience sample of 101 dentists from around Lebanon participated in the study. The results showed that 83% of the participating dentists were vaccinated yet only 21% received the required dose for prevention against HBV. The dentists had moderate to high knowledge of HBV infection control measures, …

Effect Of Sorafenib On Human Colon Cancer Cells, Marwa Al Hassan, Farah Reda, Ali Baltaji, Julnar Usta, Jamilah Borjac

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

ABSTRACT: Sorafenib, a kinase inhibitor, is among the approved drugs for the treatment of radioactive iodine resistant thyroid carcinoma, primary kidney and liver cancers. Reported targets of Sorafenib include VEGFR, Raf family, and PDGFR belonging to the general class of tyrosine kinases. Blocking growth signals in kidney and breast cancers underlie one of the mechanisms of Sorafenib antitumor effects’ leading to cell death. We hereby examine the effect of Sorafenib on human colon carcinoma cell-line HCT116. We also investigate the possible role of p53 in mediating this effect using mutant HCT116 p53-/- cells. Cultured wild and mutant cells are treated …

Identifying Factors That Influence Conflict Management Styles Of Lebanese Nursing Students’ With Their Clinical Educators, Maha Jalal Dankar, Wafaa Bousily

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Conflicts in nursing career between students’ and clinical educators result certainly in negative outcomes for the students’ as stress and low assertiveness level, but can be successfully managed. The conflict management styles of the students’ should be well known in detail in order to attain positive outcomes. The present study aims to identify factors that influence conflict management styles of Lebanese nursing students’ with their clinical educators. This study was conducted at different universities and institutions, using a descriptive correlational design. A random sample of 360 nursing students’ was used. Data was collected using one tool consisting of two parts: …

Genus Micromeria: A Review Article, Mohamad Hamwi, Maha Aboul Ela Prof., Abdalla El-Lakany

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

Micromeria (Family Lamiaceae) is widespread across Europe, Asia, Africa and North America, with a center of diversity in the Mediterranean region and the Canary Islands. More than 78 species of Micromeria have been known, famous examples is: M. fruticose.Genus Micromeria comprises plants of different chemical nature. Based on previous studies, Micromeria species is considered as a rich source of essential oils, mainly; monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes hydrocarbons, and oxygenated sesquiterpenes. About ten species of Micromeria have been identified to grow widely in Lebanon, of which Micromeria fruticosa is the most common and abundant. Several pharmacological activities were …

Factors Affecting Pregnancy Outcome In Refugee Mothers In Lebanon, Hesham Elshal, Mohammad Chour, Sirine Abdel Halim, Sadika Kharpoutli, Hind Raad, Sami Abou Alfa, Rida Maaliki, Zeina Makki

BAU Journal - Health and Wellbeing

In recent years, Lebanon has been a destination for less privileged refugees who seek better living conditions and shelter from regional wars, conflicts and instabilities. Recently, it is estimated that more than 20% of residents in Lebanon are Syrian refugees who live under questionable conditions regarding quality of life. Pregnant women, among their population, are considered more vulnerable to the effect of such living conditions. This study aimed at assessment of pregnancy outcome (birth weight, infant complications…) in a sample of women in refugees areas who have recently given birth and relate this outcome to multiple factors including socioeconomic status …