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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences

Trinidad & Tobago : Hiv Epidemic, Madison Caldwell Jan 2017

Trinidad & Tobago : Hiv Epidemic, Madison Caldwell

Global Public Health

Trinidad and Tobago are twin islands located in the Caribbean off the coast of Venezuela. In the recent years since about 1990, citizens of this country have been greatly affected by the HIV epidemic. HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus and is spread through infected seman, blood, or vaginal fluids usually through sexual intercourse. As this virus continues to progress in the body, it will eventually turn into AIDS, which stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Once HIV progresses to AIDS, the outcome is ultimately fatal, hence why there is a dire need to promote awareness and methods of intervention to …


Kuwait : Obesity, Sabrina Difiori Jan 2017

Kuwait : Obesity, Sabrina Difiori

Global Public Health

The country of Kuwait is known for their extremely high prevalence of obesity. It is a major public health issue for people of both genders. For men, the prevalence for obesity is 36 percent and 48 percent for women. A type of intervention that is often used to fix this problem is stomach stapling: the process of making the stomach smaller to reduce the amount of food intake. If children can start becoming more educated about this issue early on in their lifetime, the prevalence of obesity might not be so high in years to come.


Malta : Natural Freshwater Resources, Lisamarie Pereira Jan 2017

Malta : Natural Freshwater Resources, Lisamarie Pereira

Global Public Health

The aim of this paper is to discuss Malta’s struggle with limited natural freshwater resources. Malta currently uses aquifers to obtain natural freshwater. For over a decade, aquifers have been under pressure from over-abstraction. Due to this issue, Malta has not been able to obtain enough natural freshwater for agriculture and basic living. The biggest risk due to over-abstraction is retrieving a smaller volume of freshwater. In Malta’s attempted interventions, the biggest issue is the Maltese government’s misconceptions. The Maltese government believes the country has unlimited natural freshwater resources. Due to this misconception, nothing is being done to actively fix …


Belize : Maternal Mortality And Morbidity, Kelsey Snodgrass Jan 2017

Belize : Maternal Mortality And Morbidity, Kelsey Snodgrass

Global Public Health

In this report, we discuss infant and maternal mortality/morbidity rates in Belize. While the problem is getting better, there is still a lot of work that needs to be done to fix it. Those in rural areas are still not being reached and are the most at risk for maternal and infant mortality due to lack of transportation and hospitals in the region.


Turkey : Asthma, Nicole Adams Jan 2017

Turkey : Asthma, Nicole Adams

Global Public Health

In the Middle-Eastern country of Turkey, they have the public health issue of asthma which is directly related to the amount and type of air pollution. Asthma is a health condition that can be found all over the world and it can happen to anyone. Although it is not readily noticed, the number of cases of asthma change along with the amount of air pollution, specifically SO2 and PM10 levels. SO2 is a gas that be toxic when abundant and it occurs when coal that has sulfur is burned. PM10, or particulate matter, is the …


Nepal : Healthcare And Sanitation Issues Resulting From Frequent Natural Disasters In Nepal, Jake Lauderdale Jan 2017

Nepal : Healthcare And Sanitation Issues Resulting From Frequent Natural Disasters In Nepal, Jake Lauderdale

Global Public Health

This Public Health Brief calls to attention the issues plaguing Nepal as a result of both frequent natural disasters and poor healthcare infrastructure. The geographic characteristics of Nepal are shown to be a major factor in the damage and aftermath of natural disasters such as earthquakes. Due to its status as a poor and economically weakened country, Nepal must rely heavily on outside aid in order to alleviate the pressure of frequently occurring natural disasters. Despite work being done by several Non-Governmental Organizations, Nepal has a long way to go before they are able to independently manage the outcomes of …


Israel : Translocation Of Rabies, Sarah Baker Jan 2017

Israel : Translocation Of Rabies, Sarah Baker

Global Public Health

Israel is now faced with a steady growing public health threat as canine rabies has reemerged in the northern region of Israel. While the steady increase in cases is of notable alarm, moreover the close contact most often shared between dog and human populations is of much more concern from a public health prospective. Rabies is a vaccine-preventable disease. Vaccinating dogs has proven to be the most cost-effective strategy for preventing rabies in people. Additionally, education on bite prevention and rabid animal behaviors for both children and adults is an essential extension of the long term rabies vaccination program that …


Burundi : Water Scarcity, Isabel Salas Jan 2017

Burundi : Water Scarcity, Isabel Salas

Global Public Health

Burundi is located near the African great lakes region of East Africa. This country is one of the poorest and hungriest countries throughout the world because of this they are facing multiple problems with communicable disease. These families are seeing a reduction in the amount of water available to them and based on this they are receiving water from external sources such as wells and lakes. Most of the water throughout Burundi is contaminated with Phytoplankton which increase cholera outbreaks in this area. It has also been shown that uranium impacts the water throughout the wells and lakes. Both of …


Guam : Mumps, Taylor Covert Jan 2017

Guam : Mumps, Taylor Covert

Global Public Health

In the years of 2009-2010, Guam experienced an outbreak of mumps that was widespread throughout the country. Mumps is a disease in which the parotid gland located in the face and neck region swells and can cause inflammation in the brain. Though a majority of the citizens were vaccinated for MMR, there was still a problem throughout the nation. The vaccine is provided in a number of doses, three being the optimal amount. It was later revealed that citizens who were vaccinated only received two doses, not fully protecting them from the illness. 505 cases were reported overall for this …


Namibia : Hiv As A National Issue, Elisabeth Vlasak Jan 2017

Namibia : Hiv As A National Issue, Elisabeth Vlasak

Global Public Health

Namibia is located on the southwestern coast of Africa, bordering Angola, Botswana, Zambia, South Africa, and the Atlantic Ocean. Namibia has a population of 2,265,000, as of 2016. Namibia has many challenges, including food insecurity and malnutrition, access to health services, unequal distribution of wealth, but HIV/AIDS is one of the country’s leading challenges. It is estimated that the overall adult infection rate of HIV/AIDS is 15.4% and it is the leading cause of death in Namibia. Adults ages 18-24 are the most at-risk for the disease. Some of the major risk factors are declining condom use, misinformation, social stigma, …


Guatemala : Chagas Disease, Audrey Datzman Jan 2017

Guatemala : Chagas Disease, Audrey Datzman

Global Public Health

Chagas disease is a parasitic and vector-borne endemic prevalent across Latin American countries, particularly Guatemala. The parasite, Trypanosoma cruzi, is spread through triatomine insect vectors often found in low-income housing. Already claiming twelve-thousand deaths in 2016, Guatemala faces a major challenge in attempting to eliminate the triatomine vectors of Chagas disease. Various interventions have been undertaken in the country, including insecticide-based control and community-based vector surveillance.