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Full-Text Articles in Medicine and Health Sciences
Why Are The Pakistani Maternal, Fetal And Newborn Outcomes So Poor Compared To Other Low And Middle-Income Countries?, Aleha Aziz, Sarah Saleem, Tracy L. Nolen, Nousheen Akber Pradhan, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Saleem Jessani, Ana L. Garces, Patricia L. Hibberd, Janet L. Moore, Sameen Siddiqi
Why Are The Pakistani Maternal, Fetal And Newborn Outcomes So Poor Compared To Other Low And Middle-Income Countries?, Aleha Aziz, Sarah Saleem, Tracy L. Nolen, Nousheen Akber Pradhan, Elizabeth M. Mcclure, Saleem Jessani, Ana L. Garces, Patricia L. Hibberd, Janet L. Moore, Sameen Siddiqi
Community Health Sciences
Background: Pakistan has among the poorest pregnancy outcomes worldwide, significantly worse than many other low-resource countries. The reasons for these differences are not clear. In this study, we compared pregnancy outcomes in Pakistan to other low-resource countries and explored factors that might help explain these differences.
Methods: The Global Network (GN) Maternal Newborn Health Registry (MNHR) is a prospective, population-based observational study that includes all pregnant women and their pregnancy outcomes in defined geographic communities in six low-middle income countries (India, Pakistan, Democratic Republic of Congo, Guatemala, Kenya, Zambia). Study staff enroll women in early pregnancy and follow-up soon after …
Rates And Risk Factors For Preterm Birth And Low Birthweight In The Global Network Sites In Six Low- And Low Middle-Income Countries, Yamini V. Pusdekar, Archana B. Patel, Kunal G. Kurhe, Savita R. Bhargav, Vanessa Thorsten, Ana Garces, Robert L. Goldenberg, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Sarah Saleem, Fabian Esamai
Rates And Risk Factors For Preterm Birth And Low Birthweight In The Global Network Sites In Six Low- And Low Middle-Income Countries, Yamini V. Pusdekar, Archana B. Patel, Kunal G. Kurhe, Savita R. Bhargav, Vanessa Thorsten, Ana Garces, Robert L. Goldenberg, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Sarah Saleem, Fabian Esamai
Community Health Sciences
Background: Preterm birth continues to be a major public health problem contributing to 75% of the neonatal mortality worldwide. Low birth weight (LBW) is an important but imperfect surrogate for prematurity when accurate assessment of gestational age is not possible. While there is overlap between preterm birth and LBW newborns, those that are both premature and LBW are at the highest risk of adverse neonatal outcomes. Understanding the epidemiology of preterm birth and LBW is important for prevention and improved care for at risk newborns, but in many countries, data are sparse and incomplete.
Methods: We conducted data analyses using …
Cesarean Birth In The Global Network For Women's And Children's Health Research: Trends In Utilization, Risk Factors, And Subgroups With High Cesarean Birth Rates, Margo S. Harrison, Ana L. Garces, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Sarah Saleem, Janet L. Moore, Fabian Esamai, Archana B. Patel, Elwyn Chomba, Carl L. Bose, Edward A. Liechty
Cesarean Birth In The Global Network For Women's And Children's Health Research: Trends In Utilization, Risk Factors, And Subgroups With High Cesarean Birth Rates, Margo S. Harrison, Ana L. Garces, Shivaprasad S. Goudar, Sarah Saleem, Janet L. Moore, Fabian Esamai, Archana B. Patel, Elwyn Chomba, Carl L. Bose, Edward A. Liechty
Community Health Sciences
Background: The objectives of this analysis were to document trends in and risk factors associated with the cesarean birth rate in low- and middle-income country sites participating in the Global Network for Women's and Children's Health Research (Global Network).
Methods: This is a secondary analysis of a prospective, population-based study of home and facility births conducted in the Global Network sites.
Results: Cesarean birth rates increased uniformly across all sites between 2010 and 2018. Across all sites in multivariable analyses, women younger than age twenty had a reduced risk of cesarean birth (RR 0.9 [0.9, 0.9]) and women over 35 …
Non-Communicable Diseases Among Adolescents: Current Status, Determinants, Interventions And Policies, N Akseer, S Mehta, J Wigle, R Chera, Z J. Brickman, S Al-Gashm, B Sorichetti, A Vandermorris, D B. Hipgrave, N Schwalbe, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Non-Communicable Diseases Among Adolescents: Current Status, Determinants, Interventions And Policies, N Akseer, S Mehta, J Wigle, R Chera, Z J. Brickman, S Al-Gashm, B Sorichetti, A Vandermorris, D B. Hipgrave, N Schwalbe, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta
Woman and Child Health
Background: Addressing non-communicable disease (NCDs) is a global priority in the Sustainable Development Goals, especially for adolescents. However, existing literature on NCD burden, risk factors and determinants, and effective interventions and policies for targeting these diseases in adolescents, is limited. This study develops an evidence-based conceptual framework, and highlights pathways between risk factors and interventions to NCD development during adolescence (ages 10-19 years) and continuing into adulthood. Additionally, the epidemiologic profile of key NCD risk factors and outcomes among adolescents and preventative NCD policies/laws/legislations are examined, and a multivariable analysis is conducted to explore the determinants of NCDs among adolescents …
Maternal Risk Factors And Short Term Outcome Of Prematurity: A Descriptive Study At A Secondary Care Hospital, Heeramani Lohana, Shakeel Ahmed, Nigar Jabeen, Farida Karim, Sarwat Urooj, Ayesha Ahmed
Maternal Risk Factors And Short Term Outcome Of Prematurity: A Descriptive Study At A Secondary Care Hospital, Heeramani Lohana, Shakeel Ahmed, Nigar Jabeen, Farida Karim, Sarwat Urooj, Ayesha Ahmed
Department of Paediatrics and Child Health
Background: Approximately 15 million babies are born premature (before 37 weeks of gestation) and 1 million babies die due to prematurity complications every year. Less is known about risk factors of prematurity in middle and low-income countries. The prevalence of prematurity ranges from 5% - 18%.
Objective: To determine the prevalence of premature births and to assess the rate of survival, along with the morbidity, among preterm newborns. Furthermore, to document our experience with different gestational age groups of preterm births; and to analyze the association among these strata and their clinical outcomes.
Study Design: A descriptive study.
Place …
Physical And Mental Health Impacts Of Covid-19 On Healthcare Workers: A Scoping Review, Natasha Shaukat, Daniyal Mansoor Ali, Junaid Razzak
Physical And Mental Health Impacts Of Covid-19 On Healthcare Workers: A Scoping Review, Natasha Shaukat, Daniyal Mansoor Ali, Junaid Razzak
Community Health Sciences
Background: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has spread to 198 countries, with approximately 2.4 million confirmed cases and 150,000 deaths globally as of April 18. Frontline healthcare workers (HCWs) face a substantially higher risk of infection and death due to excessive COVID-19 exposure. This review aimed at summarizing the evidence of the physical and mental health impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on health-care workers (HCWs).
Methods: We used the Arksey O'Malley framework to conduct a scoping review. A systematic literature search was conducted using two databases: PubMed and Google Scholar. We found 154 studies, and out of which 10 met our criteria. …
Risk Factors For Postpartum Sepsis: A Nested Case-Control Study, Samina Bakhtawar, Sana Sheikh, Rahat Qureshi, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Beth Payne, Iqbal Azam Syed, Peter Von Dadelszen, Laura Magee
Risk Factors For Postpartum Sepsis: A Nested Case-Control Study, Samina Bakhtawar, Sana Sheikh, Rahat Qureshi, Zahra Hoodbhoy, Beth Payne, Iqbal Azam Syed, Peter Von Dadelszen, Laura Magee
Community Health Sciences
Background: The Majority (99%) of maternal deaths occur in low and middle-income countries. The three most important causes of maternal deaths in these regions are postpartum hemorrhage, pre-eclampsia and puerperal sepsis. There are several diagnostic criteria used to identify sepsis and one of the commonly used criteria is systematic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). However, these criteria require laboratory investigations that may not be feasible in resource-constrained settings. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a model based on risk factors and clinical signs and symptoms that can identify sepsis early among postpartum women.
Methods: A case-control study was nested in an …
Prevalence Of Hypertension And Its Risk Factors Among Cotton Textile Workers In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Protocol For A Systematic Review, Naureen Akber Ali, Anam Shahil Feroz
Prevalence Of Hypertension And Its Risk Factors Among Cotton Textile Workers In Low- And Middle-Income Countries: A Protocol For A Systematic Review, Naureen Akber Ali, Anam Shahil Feroz
School of Nursing & Midwifery
Background: Cotton workers are exposed to various hazards in the textile industry that might result in different ailments including hypertension (HTN). However, few attempts have been made to systematically review the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factor among cotton textile workers in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). The objective of this study will be to evaluate the prevalence of hypertension and its risk factors among adult cotton textile workers in low- and middle-income countries.
Methods: We designed and registered a study protocol for a systematic review of descriptive epidemiology data. We will include observational studies (e.g., cross-sectional, cohort, surveys) on …